HER2 Status and Its Heterogeneity in Gastric Carcinoma of Vietnamese Patient

Dang Anh Thu Phan,Vu Thien Nguyen,Thi Ngoc Ha Hua,Quoc Dat Ngo,Thi Phuong Thao Doan,Sao Trung Nguyen,Anh Tu Thai,Van Thanh Nguyen 대한병리학회 2017 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.51 No.4

Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is related to the pathogenesis and poor outcome of numerous types of carcinomas, including gastric carcinoma. Gastric cancer patients with HER2 positivity have become potential candidates for targeted therapy with trastuzumab. Methods: We investigated 208 gastric cancer specimens using immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization and dual in situ hybridization (ISH). We also investigated the concordance between IHC and ISH. The correlation between HER2 status and various clinicopathological findings was also investigated. Results: In total, 15.9% (33/208) and 24.5% (51/208) of gastric cancers showed HER2 gene amplification and protein overexpression, respectively. A high level of concordance between ISH and IHC analyses (91.3%, κ = 0.76) was found. A significant correlation between HER2 status and intestinal-type (p < .05) and differentiated carcinomas (p < .05) was also noted. The HER2 heterogeneity was high in gastric cancers; we found 68.8% phenotypic heterogeneity and 57.6% genotypic heterogeneity. Heterogeneity in HER2 protein expression and gene amplification showed a close association with diffuse histologic type and IHC 2+. Conclusions: HER2 protein overexpression and gene amplification were detected in 24.5% and 15.9% of gastric cancer specimens, respectively. Intestinal-type showed a higher level of HER2 protein overexpression and gene amplification than diffuse type. HER2 status also showed a significant relationship with well- and moderately-differentiated carcinomas. The ratio of phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity of HER2 was high in gastric carcinomas and was associated with HER2 IHC 2+ and diffuse histologic type.

A study of pathological characteristics and BRAF V600E status in Langerhans cell histiocytosis of Vietnamese children

Thu Dang Anh Phan,Bao Gia Phung,Tu Thanh Duong,Vu Anh Hoang,Dat Quoc Ngo,Nguyen Dinh The Trinh,Tung Thanh Tran 대한병리학회 2021 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.55 No.2

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is more common in children than adults and involves many organs. In children, the BRAF V600E mutation is associated with recurrent and high-risk LCH. Methods: We collected paraffin blocks of 94 pediatric LCH patients to detect BRAF V600E mutation by sequencing. The relationship between BRAF V600E status and clinicopathological parameters were also critically analyzed. Results: BRAF V600E mutation exon 15 was detected in 45 cases (47.9%). Multiple systems LCH showed a significantly higher BRAF V600E mutation rate than a single system (p = .001). No statistical significance was evident for other clinical characteristics such as age, sex, location, risk organs involvement, and CD1a expression. Conclusions: In Vietnamese LCH children, the proportion of BRAF V600E mutational status was relatively high and related to multiple systems.

Immunohistochemical expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase in neuroblastoma and its relations with some clinical and histopathological features

Thu Dang Anh Phan,Thao Quyen Nguyen,Nhi Thuy To,Thien Ly Thanh,Dat Quoc Ngo 대한병리학회 2024 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.58 No.1

Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutations have been identified as a prominent cause of some familial and sporadic neuroblastoma (NB). ALK expression in NB and its relationship with clinical and histopathological features remains controversial. This study investigated ALK expression and its potential relations with these features in NB.Methods: Ninety cases of NB at the Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam from 01/01/2018 to 12/31/2021, were immunohistochemically stained with ALK (D5F3) antibody. The ALK expression and its relations with some clinical and histopathological features were investigated.Results: The rate of ALK expression in NB was 91.1%. High ALK expression (over 50% of tumor cells were positive with moderate-strong intensity) accounted for 65.6%, and low ALK expression accounted for 34.4%. All the <i>MYCN</i>-amplified NB patients had ALK immunohistochemistry positivity, most cases had high ALK protein expression. The undifferentiated subtype of NB had a lower ALK-positive rate than the poorly differentiated and differentiated subtype. The percentages of ALK positivity were significantly higher in more differentiated histological types of NB (p = .024). There was no relation between ALK expression and: age group, sex, primary tumor location, tumor stage, <i>MYCN</i> status, clinical risk, Mitotic-Karyorrhectic Index, prognostic group, necrosis, and calcification.Conclusions: ALK was highly expressed in NB. ALK expression was not related to several clinical and histopathological features. More studies are needed to elucidate the association between ALK expression and ALK gene status and to investigate disease progression, especially the oncogenesis of ALK-positive NB.

Mental Health Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Vietnam

Nhan Phuc Thanh Nguyen,Ha Phan Ai Nguyen,Cao Khoa Dang,Minh Tri Phan,Huynh Ho Ngoc Quynh,Van Tuan Le,Chinh Van Dang,Tinh Huu Ho,Van Trong Phan,Van Trong Phan,Thang Phan,Dang Thi Anh Thu 대한예방의학회 2024 예방의학회지 Vol.57 No.1

Objectives: The objective of this study was to characterize mental health issues among Vietnamese healthcare workers (HCWs) and to identify related factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 990 HCWs in 2021. Their mental health status was measured using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale.Results: In total, 49.9%, 52.3%, and 29.8% of respondents were found to have depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. The multivariable linear regression model revealed that factors associated with increased anxiety scores included depression scores (β, 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39 to 0.51) and stress scores (β, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.52). Factors associated with increased depression scores included being frontline HCWs (β, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.10 to 1.10), stress scores (β, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.56), and anxiety scores (β, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.47), while working experience was associated with reduced depression scores (β, -0.08; 95% CI, -0.16 to -0.01). Factors associated with increased stress scores included working experience (β, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.16), personal protective equipment interference with daily activities (β, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.07 to 1.00), depression scores (β, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.59), and anxiety scores (β, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.50), while age was associated with reduced stress scores (β, -0.12; 95% CI, -0.20 to -0.05).Conclusions: Specific interventions are necessary to enhance and promote the mental health of HCWs so they can successfully cope with the circumstances of the pandemic.

Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel <i>N</i>-hydroxybenzamides/<i>N</i>-hydroxypropenamides incorporating quinazolin-4(3<i>H</i>)-ones as histone deacetylase inhibitors and antitumor agents

Hieu, Doan Thanh,Anh, Duong Tien,Tuan, Nguyen Minh,Hai, Pham-The,Huong, Le-Thi-Thu,Kim, Jisung,Kang, Jong Soon,Vu, Tran Khac,Dung, Phan Thi Phuong,Han, Sang-Bae,Nam, Nguyen-Hai,Hoa, Nguyen-Dang Elsevier 2018 Bioorganic chemistry Vol.76 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In our search for novel small molecules targeting histone deacetylases, we have designed and synthesized several series of novel <I>N</I>-hydroxybenzamides/<I>N</I>-hydroxypropenamides incorporating quinazolin-4(3<I>H</I>)-ones (<B>4a-h</B>, <B>8a-d, 10a-d)</B>. Biological evaluation showed that these hydroxamic acids were generally cytotoxic against three human cancer cell lines (SW620, colon; <I>PC</I>-3, prostate; NCI-H23, lung cancer). It was found that the <I>N</I>-hydroxypropenamides (<B>10a-d)</B> were the most potent, both in term of HDAC inhibition and cytotoxicity. Several compounds, e.g. <B>4e</B>, <B>8b-c</B>, and <B>10a-c</B>, displayed up to 4-fold more potent than SAHA (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, vorinostat) in term of cytotoxicity. These compounds also comparably inhibited HDACs with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values in sub-micromolar range. Docking experiments on HDAC2 isozyme revealed some important features contributing to the inhibitory activity of synthesized compounds, especially for propenamide analogues. Importantly, the free binding energy computed was found to have high quantitative correlation (<I>R</I> <SUP>2</SUP> ∼ 95%) with experimental results.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Novel quinazolin-4(3H)-one-based <I>N</I>-hydroxybenzamides/<I>N</I>-hydroxypropenamides were synthesized. </LI> <LI> The <I>N</I>-hydroxybenzamides/<I>N</I>-hydroxypropenamides exhibited potent HDAC inhibition. </LI> <LI> The <I>N</I>-hydroxybenzamides/<I>N</I>-hydroxypropenamides exhibited good cytotoxicity. </LI> <LI> Docking studies and ADMET estimation were carried out. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Two series of novel, simple <I>N</I>-hydroxybenzamides/<I>N</I>-hydroxypropenamides incorporating quinolin-4(3H)-one (<B>4a-h</B>, <B>8a-d, 10a-d</B>) were designed and synthesized. Biological evaluation showed that these benzamides/propenamides potently inhibited HDAC with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values in sub-micromolar range. A number of compounds also exhibited cytotoxicity up to 4-fold more potent than SAHA, a positive control.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Molecular and Clinicopathological Features of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors in Vietnamese Patients

Quoc Dat Ngo,Quoc Thang Pham,Dang Anh Thu Phan,Anh Vu Hoang,Thi Ngoc Ha Hua,Sao Trung Nguyen 대한병리학회 2019 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.53 No.6

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most frequent mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Management of GIST patients is currently based on clinicopathological features and associated genetic changes. However, the detailed characteristics and molecular genetic features of GISTs have not yet been described in the Vietnamese population. Methods: We first identified 155 patients with primary GIST who underwent surgery with primary curative intent between 2011 and 2014 at University Medical Center at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. We evaluated the clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical reactivity to p53 and Ki-67 in these patients. Additionally, KIT genotyping was performed in 100 cases. Results: The largest proportion of GISTs was classified as high-risk (43.2%). Of the 155 GISTs, 52 (33.5%) were positive for Ki-67, and 58 (37.4%) were positive for p53. The expression of Ki-67 and p53 were correlated with mitotic rate, tumor size, risk assessment, and tumor stage. Out of 100 GIST cases, KIT mutation was found in 68%, of which 62 (91.2%) were found in exon 11, two (2.9%) in exon 9, and four (5.8%) in exon 17. No mutation in exon 13 was identified. Additionally, KIT mutations did not correlate with any clinicopathological features. Conclusions: The expression of Ki-67 and p53 were associated with high-risk tumors. Mutations in exon 11 were the most commonly found, followed by exon 17 and exon 9. Additionally, KIT mutation status was not correlated with any recognized clinicopathological features.

Relaxor Behaviors in xBaTiO₃–(1-x)CoFe₂O₄ Materials

Cao Thi My Dung,Nhu Hoa Tran Thi,Kieu Hanh Thi Ta,Vinh Cao Tran,Bao Thu Le Nguyen,Van Hieu Le,Phuong Anh Do,Anh Tuan Dang,Heongkyu Ju,Bach Thang Phan 한국자기학회 2015 Journal of Magnetics Vol.20 No.4

Dielectric properties of xBaTiO₃–(1-x)CoFe₂O₄ composite materials have been investigated. Dielectric properties of BaTiO₃, CoFe₂O₄ and 0.5BaTiO₃–0.5CoFe₂O₄ samples show frequency dependence, which is classified as relaxor behavior with different relaxing degree. The relaxor behaviors were described using the modified Curier-Weiss and Vogel–Fulcher laws. Among three above samples, the BaTiO₃ sample has highest relaxing degree. Photoluminescence spectral indicated defects, which might in turn control relaxing degree.