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Highly Selective Macrocycle Formations by Metathesis Catalysts Fixated in Nanopores
Jee, Joo-Eun,Cheong, Jian Liang,Lim, Jaehong,Chen, Cheng,Hong, Soon Hyeok,Lee, Su Seong American Chemical Society 2013 Journal of organic chemistry Vol.78 No.7
<P>Ruthenium-based metathesis catalysts immobilized on mesocellular siliceous foam (MCF) bearing large nanopores proved highly efficient and selective for macrocyclic ring-closing metathesis (RCM). Kinetic studies revealed that the homogeneous counterpart exhibited far higher activity that accounted for more oligomerization pathways and resulted in less macrocyclization products. Meanwhile, the immobilized catalysts showed lower conversion rates leading to higher yields of macrocyclic products in a given reaction time, with conversion rates and yields dependent upon pore size, catalyst loading density, and linker length. The macrocycle formations via RCM were accelerated by increasing the pore size and decreasing the catalyst loading density while retaining the comparably high yield. The catalysts immobilized on MCF, of which silica surface is rigid and pores are relatively large, showed high conversion rates and yields compared with an analogue immobilized on TentaGel resins, of which backbone becomes flexible upon swelling in the reaction medium. It is noteworthy that the selectivity for the macrocyclic RCM can be significantly improved by tuning the catalyst initiation rates via immobilization onto the support materials in which well-defined three-dimentional network of large nanopores are deployed.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/joceah/2013/joceah.2013.78.issue-7/jo302823w/production/images/medium/jo-2012-02823w_0012.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jo302823w'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
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감조하천의 홍수위 예측에 있어서 한계자기회귀모형의 응용
안선복,고진석,지홍기,Chen. Guo Xin,An. Shan Fu,Ko. Jin-Seok,Jee. Hong-Kee 한국방재학회 2007 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.1
한계자기회귀모형(TAR)을 응용하여 동시에 해조와 홍수의 영향을 받을 때 삽교천 감조구간의 삽교호수위관측소의 월 최고수위를 예측하는 모형을 구축하였으며, 모형구축과정에서 유전알고리즘으로 한계값과 자기회귀계수의 매개변수를 최적화한다. 계산결과 한계자기회귀모형은 감조하천의 비선형성특성을 모의 할 수 있으며, 예측의 정확도와 예측성능의 안정성을 확보할 수 있다. 연구결과 유전한계자귀회귀모형으로 감조하천구간의 월 최고수위를 예측하는 것이 가능하며, 또한 감조하천구간에서 기타 수문요소의 비선형성 서열예측 중에서도 광범한 실용가치가 있다고 본다.
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Effects of BDNF Polymorphisms on Antidepressant Action
Shih-Jen Tsai,Chen-Jee Hong,Ying-Jay Liou 대한신경정신의학회 2010 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.7 No.4
Evidence suggests that the down-regulation of the signaling pathway involving brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a molecular element known to regulate neuronal plasticity and survival, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of major depression. The restoration of BDNF activity induced by antidepressant treatment has been implicated in the antidepressant therapeutic mechanism. Because there is variability among patients with major depressive disorder in terms of response to antidepressant treatment and since genetic factors may contribute to this inter-individual variability in antidepressant response, pharmacogenetic studies have tested the associations between genetic polymorphisms in candidate genes related to antidepressant therapeutic action. In human BDNF gene, there is a common functional polymorphism (Val66Met) in the pro-region of BDNF, which affects the intracellular trafficking of proBDNF. Because of the potentially important role of BDNF in the antidepressant mechanism, many pharmacogenetic studies have tested the association between this polymorphism and the antidepressant therapeutic response, but they have produced inconsistent results. A recent meta-analysis of eight studies, which included data from 1,115 subjects, suggested that the Val/Met carriers have increased antidepressant response in comparison to Val/Val homozygotes, particularly in the Asian population. The positive molecular heterosis effect (subjects heterozygous for a specific genetic polymorphism show a significantly greater effect) is compatible with animal studies showing that, although BDNF exerts an antidepressant effect, too much BDNF may have a detrimental effect on mood. Several recommendations are proposed for future antidepressant pharmacogenetic studies of BDNF, including the consideration of multiple polymorphisms and a haplotype approach, gene-gene interaction, a single antidepressant regimen, controlling for age and gender interactions, and pharmacogenetic effects on specific depressive symptom-clusters.
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안선복,진국신,전도석,지홍기,An. ShanFu,Chen. Guoxin,Chun. Do-Seok,Jee. Hong-Kee 한국방재학회 2007 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.1
There are many channel confluences existing in natural river systems, where the hydraulics are very complex because of the interactive between tributary and main river The RMA-2 model Is applied in this paper to model the confluence between Uksu Chun subriver and Nam Chun main river. Based on three types of assumed confluence forms, the model resuits present the hydraulics at channel confluence can be divided into several zones including a zone of separation immediately downstream of the junction branch channel, a maximum and minimum velocity region at upstream and downstream in the confluent channel, and a shear plane developed between the two combing flows at downstream of confluent channel. And the different types of confluent forms performs a very high effect on drainability of tributary, so it is very necessary to design a reasonable confluent forms.
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