Iodide-Selective Synthetic Ion Channels Based on Shape-Persistent Organic Cages

Benke, Bahiru Punja,Aich, Pulakesh,Kim, Younghoon,Kim, Kyung Lock,Rohman, Md Rumum,Hong, Soonsang,Hwang, In-Chul,Lee, Eun Hui,Roh, Joon Ho,Kim, Kimoon American Chemical Society 2017 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.139 No.22

<P>We report here a synthetic ion channel developed from a shape-persistent porphyrin-based covalent organic cage. The cage was synthesized by employing a synthetically economical dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) approach. The organic cage selectively transports biologically relevant iodide ions over other inorganic anions by a dehydration-driven, channel mechanism as evidenced by vesicle-based fluorescence assays and planar lipid bilayer-based single channel recordings. Furthermore, the organic cage appears to facilitate iodide transport across the membrane of a hying cell, suggesting that the cage could be useful as a biological tool that may replace defective iodide channels in living systems:</P>

An Update on Occupation and Prostate Cancer

Doolan, Glenn,Benke, Geza,Giles, Graham Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2

Background: Our aim was to identify gaps and limitations in the current literature and to make recommendations for future research required to address these. Materials and Methods: We reviewed occupational exposures and related factors associated with the risk of prostate cancer between 2000 and 2012. These included chemical, ergonomic, physical or environmental, and psychosocial factors which have been reported by epidemiological studies across a range of industries. Results: The results are inconsistent from study to study and generally this is due to the reliance upon the retrospectivity of case-control studies and prevalence (ecological) studies. Exposure assessment bias is a recurring limitation of many of the studies in this review. Conclusions: We consider there is insufficient evidence to implicate prostate cancer risk for ergonomic, physical, environmental or psychosocial factors, but there is sufficient evidence to implicate toxic metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). More research is required to identify specific pesticides that may be associated with risk of prostate cancer.

OccIDEAS: An Innovative Tool to Assess Past Asbestos Exposure in the Australian Mesothelioma Registry

MacFarlane, Ewan,Benke, Geza,Sim, Malcolm R.,Fritschi, Lin Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2012 Safety and health at work Vol.3 No.1

Malignant mesothelioma is an uncommon but rapidly fatal disease for which the principal aetiological agent is exposure to asbestos. Mesothelioma is of particular significance in Australia where asbestos use was very widespread from the 1950s until the 1980s. Exposure to asbestos includes occupational exposure associated with working with asbestos or in workplaces where asbestos is used and also 'take-home' exposure of family members of asbestos exposed workers. Asbestos exposure may also be nonoccupational, occurring as a consequence of using asbestos products in non-occupational contexts and passive exposure is also possible, such as exposure to asbestos products in the built environment or proximity to an environmental source of exposure, for example an asbestos production plant. The extremely long latency period for this disease makes exposure assessment problematic in the context of a mesothelioma registry. OccIDEAS, a recently developed online tool for retrospective exposure assessment, has been adapted for use in the Australian Mesothelioma Registry (AMR) to enable systematic retrospective exposure assessment of consenting cases. Twelve occupational questionnaire modules and one non-occupational module have been developed for the AMR, which form the basis of structured interviews using OccIDEAS, which also stores collected data and provides a framework for generating metrics of exposure.

Changing Epistemic Uncertainties in Soil Classification and Digital Mapping

David Rees,K.k. Benke,J. Hopley 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Patterns of cellular phone use among young people in 12 countries: Implications for RF exposure

Langer, Chelsea E.,de Llobet, Patricia,Dalmau, Albert,Wiart, Joe,Goedhart, Geertje,Hours, Martine,Benke, Geza P.,Bouka, Evdoxia,Bruchim, Revital,Choi, Kyung-Hwa,Eng, Amanda,Ha, Mina,Karalexi, Maria,Ki Elsevier 2017 Environment international Vol.107 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Characterizing exposure to radiofrequency (RF) fields from wireless telecommunications technologies during childhood and adolescence is a research priority in investigating the health effects of RF. The Mobi-Expo study aimed to describe characteristics and determinants of cellular phone use in 534 young people (10–24years) in 12 countries. The study used a specifically designed software application installed on smartphones to collect data on the use of wireless telecommunications devices within this age group. The role of gender, age, maternal education, calendar period, and country was evaluated through multivariate models mutually adjusting for all variables. Call number and duration were higher among females compared to males (geometric mean (GM) ratio 1.17 and 1.42, respectively), among 20–24year olds compared to 10–14year olds (GM ratio 2.09 and 4.40, respectively), and among lowest compared to highest social classes (GM ratio 1.52 and 1.58, respectively). The number of SMS was higher in females (GM ratio 1.46) and the middle age group (15–19year olds: GM ratio 2.21 compared to 10–14year olds) and decreased over time. Data use was highest in the oldest age group, whereas Wi-Fi use was highest in the middle age group. Both data and Wi-Fi use increased over time. Large differences in the number and duration of calls, SMS, and data/Wi-Fi use were seen by country, with country and age accounting for up to 50% of the variance. Hands-free and laterality of use did not show significant differences by sex, age, education, study period, or country. Although limited by a convenience sample, these results provide valuable insights to the design, analysis, and interpretation of future epidemiological studies concerning the health effects of exposure resulting from cellular phone use in young people. In addition, the information provided by this research may be used to design strategies to minimize RF exposure.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Number and duration of calls varied by sex, age range, and socioeconomic status </LI> <LI> Laterality and hands-free use were less influenced by user characteristics </LI> <LI> Country of origin explained most of the variance in number and duration of calls, as well as SMS and data/Wi-Fi </LI> </UL> </P>

Synthesis and Antifungal Activities of Some Aryl (3-Methyl-Benzofuran-2-yl) Ketoximes

Benkli, Kadriye,Gundogdu-Karaburun, Nalan,Karaburun, Ahmet-Cagrl,Ucucu, Umit,Demirayak, Seref,Kiraz, Nuri The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2003 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.26 No.3

In this study, some aryl (3-methyl-benzofuran-2-yl) ketoximes and their ethers and esters were synthesised. The structure elucidation of the compounds was performed by IR, $^1H-NMR$, MASS spectroscopy and elemental analyses. Antifungal activities of the compounds were examined and moderate activity was obtained.

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of Some New Nitroimidazole Derivatives

Benkli, Kadriye,Karaburun, Ahmet-Cagrl,Gundogdu-Karaburun, Nalan,Demirayak, Seref,Guven, Klymet The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2003 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.26 No.10

In this study, some new nitroimidazole derivatives were obtained from 2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethylamine dihydrochloride (4) and 1-(2-bromoethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole (5), which were prepared using metronidazole. Compound 4 was reacted with arylisothiocyanates (6) to obtain 1-[2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethyl]-3-arylthioureas (7) and the latter with $\alpha$-bromoacetophenones (8) to give -3-[2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethyl]-2-arylimino-4-aryl-4-thiazolines (9). Also 1-[2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethyl]-2-phenyl-4-arylideneimidazolin-5-ones (11) were prepared by reaction of 4 with 2-phenyl-4-arylidene-5-oxazolones (10). The reaction of the other starting material 5 with 5-arylidenethiazolidin-2,4-dione (12) gave 3-[2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethyl]-5-arylidenethiazolidin-2,4-dione (13) derivatives. Structural elucidation of the compounds was performed by IR, $^1H-NMR$ and MASS spectroscopic data and elemental analysis results. Antimicrobial activities of the compounds were examined and moderate activity was obtained.

Fourier analysis of non‐Blazhko ab‐type RR Lyrae stars observed with the <i>Kepler</i> space telescope

Nemec, J. M.,Smolec, R.,Benkő,, J. M.,Moskalik, P.,Kolenberg, K.,Szabó,, R.,Kurtz, D. W.,Bryson, S.,Guggenberger, E.,Chadid, M.,Jeon, Y.‐,B.,Kunder, A.,Layden, A. C.,Kinemuchi, K.,Kis Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol.417 No.2

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>Nineteen of the ∼40 RR Lyr stars in the <I>Kepler</I> field have been identified as candidate non‐Blazhko (or unmodulated) stars. In this paper we present the results of Fourier decomposition of the time‐series photometry of these stars acquired during the first 417 d of operation (Q0–Q5) of the <I>Kepler</I> telescope. Fourier parameters based on ∼18 400 long‐cadence observations per star (and ∼150 000 short‐cadence observations for FN Lyr and for AW Dra) are derived. None of the stars shows the recently discovered ‘period‐doubling’ effect seen in Blazhko variables; however, KIC 7021124 has been found to pulsate simultaneously in the fundamental and second overtone modes with a period ratio <I>P</I><SUB>2</SUB>/<I>P</I><SUB>0</SUB>∼ 0.593 05 and is similar to the double‐mode star V350 Lyr. Period change rates are derived from O − C diagrams spanning, in some cases, over 100 years; these are compared with high‐precision periods derived from the <I>Kepler</I> data alone. Extant Fourier correlations by Kovács, Jurcsik et al. (with minor transformations from the <I>V</I> to the <I>Kp</I> passband) have been used to derive underlying physical characteristics for all the stars. This procedure seems to be validated through comparisons of the <I>Kepler</I> variables with Galactic and Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) RR Lyr stars. The most metal‐poor star in the sample is NR Lyr, with [Fe/H] =−2.3 dex; and the four most metal‐rich stars have [Fe/H] ranging from −0.6 to +0.1 dex. Pulsational luminosities and masses are found to be systematically smaller than <I>L</I> and <IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_19317_mu1.gif' alt ='inline image'/> values derived from stellar evolution models, and are favoured over the evolutionary values when periods are computed with the Warsaw linear hydrodynamics code. Finally, the Fourier parameters are compared with theoretical values derived using the Warsaw non‐linear convective pulsation code.</P>

Does <i>Kepler</i> unveil the mystery of the Blazhko effect? First detection of period doubling in <i>Kepler</i> Blazhko RR Lyrae stars

Szabó,, R.,Kollá,th, Z.,Molná,r, L.,Kolenberg, K.,Kurtz, D. W.,Bryson, S. T.,Benkő,, J. M.,Christensen‐,Dalsgaard, J.,Kjeldsen, H.,Borucki, W. J.,Koch, D.,Twicken, J. D.,C Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.409 No.3

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>The first detection of the period doubling phenomenon is reported in the <I>Kepler</I> RR Lyrae stars RR Lyr, V808 Cyg and V355 Lyr. Interestingly, all these pulsating stars show Blazhko modulation. The period doubling manifests itself as alternating maxima and minima of the pulsational cycles in the light curve, as well as through the appearance of half‐integer frequencies located halfway between the main pulsation period and its harmonics in the frequency spectrum. The effect was found to be stronger during certain phases of the modulation cycle. We were able to reproduce the period‐doubling bifurcation in our non‐linear RR Lyrae models computed by the Florida–Budapest hydrocode. This enabled us to trace the origin of this instability in RR Lyrae stars to a resonance, namely a 9:2 resonance between the fundamental mode and a high‐order (ninth) radial overtone showing strange‐mode characteristics. We discuss the connection of this new type of variation to the mysterious Blazhko effect and argue that it may give us fresh insights into solving this century‐old enigma.</P>

<i>Kepler</i> photometry of the prototypical Blazhko star RR Lyr: an old friend seen in a new light

Kolenberg, K.,Bryson, S.,Szabó,, R.,Kurtz, D. W.,Smolec, R.,Nemec, J. M.,Guggenberger, E.,Moskalik, P.,Benkő,, J. M.,Chadid, M.,Jeon, Y.‐,B.,Kiss, L. L.,Kopacki, G.,Nuspl, J.,Still, M Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol.411 No.2

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>We present our analysis of the long‐cadence <I>Kepler</I> data for the well‐studied Blazhko star RR Lyr, gathered during the first two quarters of the satellite’s observations and covering a total of 127 d. Besides being of great importance for our understanding of RR Lyrae stars in general, these RR Lyr data can be regarded as a case study for observations of bright stars with <I>Kepler</I>. <I>Kepler</I> can perform high‐precision photometry on targets like RR Lyr, as the saturated flux is conserved to a very high degree. The <I>Kepler</I> data on RR Lyr are revolutionary in several respects. Even with long‐cadence sampling (one measurement per 29.4 min), the unprecedented precision (< mmag) of the <I>Kepler</I> photometry allows the study of the star’s extreme light‐curve variations in detail. The multiplet structures at the main frequency and its harmonics, typical for Blazhko stars, are clearly detected up to the quintuplets. For the first time, photometric data of RR Lyr reveal the presence of half‐integer frequencies, linked to a period‐doubling effect. This phenomenon may be connected to the still unexplained Blazhko modulation. Moreover, with three observed Blazhko cycles at our disposal, we observe that there is no exact repetition in the light‐curve changes from one modulation cycle to the next for RR Lyr. This may be due to additional periodicities in the star, or to transient or quasi‐periodic changes.</P>