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Comparison Study of the Extraction Methods of Paraquat in Post-mortem Human Blood Samples
Seung Kyung Baeck,Young Shin Shin,Hee Sun Chung,표명윤 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.2
The most important step for Paraquat analysis in post-mortem human blood (PMB) is its extraction from the specimens, as Paraquat is insoluble in organic solvents due to its ionic form. The most common extraction method, solid phase extraction (SPE), has been used for the extraction of Paraquat from PMB. However, SPE procedures are somewhat time-consuming, and resulted in unsatisfactory recovery in our laboratory. Therefore, SPE procedures, with five extraction solvents for the liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) of paraquat in PMB, were compared using HPLC, and the chloroform-ethanol (7:3, v/v) solvent mixture was found to be the most effective. The recoveries of Paraquat using the 7:3 solvent mixture in human whole blood samples, which were already spiked with paraquat standards (1.05, 2.10 and 4.21 µg/mL) averaged 98.20, 105.71 and 99.40%, but the recoveries from the SPE were about 74.29, 78.50 and 80.10%, respectively. Linearity was obtained for the range of Paraquat standards, with a correlation coefficient; r2>0.999. The limit of detection (LOD, with S/N≥3) and limit of quantitation (LOQ, with S/N≥10) were 0.01 and 0.05 µg/mL, respectively. The extraction method was successfully applied to seven real post-mortem cases involving paraquat poisoning.
톨루엔 흡입 흰쥐의 선조체에서 미세투석법을 이용한 세포외성 흥분성 아미노산 신경전달물질의 측정
백승경(Seung Kyung Baeck),김해규(Hae Kyu Kim),김철민(Cheol Min Kim) 대한약학회 1998 약학회지 Vol.42 No.1
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to the toluene at 3,000+/-200ppm via inhalation for two hours (single inhalation group), three weeks by two hours per day, six days per week (repeated inhalation group). We examined the level of excitatory amino acids of the extracellular neurotransmitter within the corpus striatum of rats by using in vivo microdialysis. Aspartate (Asp) and glutamate (Glu) of excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters were generally decreased in the inhalation groups compared with the control group, and more significantly decreased in the repeated inhalation group than in the single inhalation group except that Asp was increased from 60 min after the beginning of the inhalation to 30 min after the termination.
흰쥐에 있어서 톨루엔 흡입노출이 시간경과에 따른 혈중 톨루엔농도 및 행동변화에 미치는 영향
백승경(Seung Kyung Baeck),노일협(Ihl Hyeob Ro) 대한약학회 1996 약학회지 Vol.40 No.5
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to the toluene at 3,000 +/- 200ppm via inhalation for two hours in the single inhalation group and three weeks by two hours per day, six days per week in the repeated inhalation group. The blood toluene concentration in the repeated inhalation group was significantly lower than that in the single inhalation group after 210 and 240 minutes of exposure. The peak concentration of blood toluene was 58.13 +/- 4.63mcg/ml in the single inhalation group and 54.24 +/- 6.87mcg/ml in the repeated at the end of 120 minutes of the exposure. The behavioral change of rats for the initial 30 minutes of the toluene inhalation showed mildly increased movement and excitement but remained calm and inhibitory behaviors after that period; more inhibitory behaviors in the single inhalation group compared with the repeated inhalation group. In open-field test, after the termination of the toluene inhalation, no difference had been statistically observed between the toluene inhalation group and the control group in ambulation, rearing, preening and grooming.