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Saravanakumar, Kandasamy,Mandava, Suresh,Chellia, Ramachandran,Jeevithan, Elango,Babu Yelamanchi, Ravi Shankar,Mandava, Deepthi,Wen-Hui, Wu,Lee, Jongkook,Oh, Deog-Hwan,Kathiresan, Kandasamy,Wang, Myeo Elsevier 2019 Microbial pathogenesis Vol.126 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The present study aimed to purify and identify the metabolites from <I>T. atroviride</I> using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and <SUP>1</SUP>H and <SUP>13</SUP>C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR) followed by analyzing their toxicological, antibacterial and anticancer properties. This work identified two metabolites - TM1 and TM2. TM1 was in two forms: (i) 1, 3-dione-5, 5-dimethylcyclohexane; and, (ii) 2-enone-3hydroxy −5,5-dimethylcylohex, while TM2 was 4H-1,3-dioxin-4-one-2,3,6-trimethyl. These metabolites did not exhibit any irritant or allergic reaction as revealed by HET- CAM test. TM2 significantly inhibited the growth of <I>H. pylori</I> and Shigella toxin producing <I>Escherichia coli</I> (STEC) as evident by <I>in vitro</I> and microscopic observations of bacterial cell death. TM2 also induced the cell death and cytotoxicity, as revealed by cell viability test and western blot analysis. According to microscopic, flow cytometer and western blot analysis, TM2 treated cells displayed higher ROS, cell death, and apoptosis-related protein expression than TM1 and control. This study concluded that TM2 derived from <I>T. atroviride</I> was a potential therapeutic agent for anti-prostate cancer and antibiotic agent against MDR- <I>H. pylori</I> and STEC and it is also recommended to carry out further <I>in vivo</I> animal model experiments with improved stability of the metabolites for future pharmaceutical trails.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fungal metabolites against <I>H. pylori</I> and Shigella toxin producing <I>Escherichia coli</I> (STEC). </LI> <LI> <I>Trichoderma</I> derived metabolites exhibited the antibacterial, and anticancer activity. </LI> <LI> TM2 reported as the potential therapeutic agent against - <I>H. pylori</I>, STEC, and anti-prostate cancer. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>