Therapeutic Evaluation of a Topical Unani Formulation, Tila-i Muhāsā in Buthūr Labaniyya (Acne Vulgaris): A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Study

Azahar, Mohd,Uddin, Qamar,Kazmi, Munawwar Husain,Khatoon, Faiza,Husain, Nazim Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2020 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.10 No.2

Introduction: Buthūr Labaniyya (Acne vulgaris) is a multifactorial disorder of the pilosebaceous units characterized by non-inflammatory and inflammatory clinical lesions. Several Unani medications have been used for centuries to treat acne. Objectives: Evaluation of safety and efficacy of Tila-i Muhāsā in patients with acne vulgaris Materials and Methods: This clinical study was conducted in patients with acne vulgaris. Patients applied Tila-i Muhāsā or 5% Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) once daily for 6 weeks. Assessment of efficacy was carried out by Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) and Patient Global Assessment (PGA) scores. In addition, overall severity of acne was evaluated on a 5-point Cook's acne grading scale using photographic standards. Assessment of safety was performed through adverse drug reactions, local dermal tolerability, vital signs, and routine laboratory investigations. Results: A total of 60 patients (30 in each group) completed 6 weeks of treatment. The mean percentage reduction in GAGS score at 6 weeks from baseline in Unani group (66.97%) and BPO group (59.09%) was statistically significant (P<0.0001). After 6 weeks of therapy, the mean percentage reduction in PGA score compared to baseline in Unani group (57.44%) and BPO group (50.23%) was statistically significant (P<0.0001). No serious adverse events were reported in both groups; however, mild adverse events occurred more frequently in BPO group (30%) compared to Unani group (10%). Conclusion: Tila-i Muhāsā was found to be effective and safe in the treatment of acne vulgaris. However, further clinical studies with larger sample size and longer duration of therapy need to be conducted.

Modelling contraction flows of bi-disperse polymer blends using the Rolie-Poly and Rolie-Double-Poly equations

Adila A. Azahar,Oliver G. Harlen,Mark A. Walkley 한국유변학회 2019 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.31 No.4

The flow of a bi-disperse polymer melt through a hyperbolic contraction is simulated using the recently proposed Rolie-Double-Poly constitutive model (Boudara et al., 2019). This simplified tube model takes account of the nonlinear coupling between the dynamics of the long and short-chains in a bi-disperse blend, in particular it reproduces the enhancement of the stretch relaxation time that arises from the coupling between constraint release and chain retraction. Flow calculations are performed by implementing both the Rolie-Double-Poly and multimode Rolie-Poly models in OpenFOAM® using the RheolTool library. While both models predict very similar flow patterns, the enhanced stretch relaxation of the Rolie-Double-Poly models results in an increase in the molecular stretch of the long chain component in the pure extensional flow along the centre-line of the contraction, but a decrease in the stretch in shear-flow near the channel walls.

Poster Session : PS 0063 ; Cardiology : Association of Framingham Risk Score with Serum Concentration of Urea and Creatinine

( Nazar Mohd Zabadi Mohd Azahar ),( Ambigga Krishnapillai ),( Adibah Hanum Sahari ),( Khalid Yusoff ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Individuals with chronic kidney disease experience higher mortality and adverse cardiovascular event rates. This study will describe the association between serum urea and creatinine level with different groups of Framingham Risk Score. Methods: Respondents who met the inclusion criteria and gave consent to participate will be recruited. This cross sectional study was conducted in Raub, Malaysia between July 2010 and June 2011. Blood pressure was measured twice and the average was recorded. Venous blood samples were taken for Fasting Serum Lipid, Fasting Blood Glucose and for the determination of urea and creatinine concentration. Results: There were 480 respondents recruited in this study with 42.5% of respondents were males (mean age±SD, 59±10.2 years). Urea concentration was found significantly higher in males (4.8±1.84 mmol/L) compared to females (4.2±1.77 mmol/L) (p<0.001). Creatinine concentration was found signifi cantly higher in males (88±31.45 mmol/L) compared to females (63.6±22.38 mmol/L) (p<0.001). Bivariate correlations found that age was significantly correlated with urea (r= 0.255, p<0.001) and creatinine (r=0.233, p<0.001) of the respondents. One way between groups analysis revealed that mean concentration of urea was signifi cantly highest in the high risk group, followed by moderate and low risk group of the Framingham Risk Score (F(2,438)=13.622, p<0.001). Creatinine concentration also was found signifi cantly highest in the high risk group followed by moderate and low risk group (F(2,438)=38.348, p<0.001). Conclusions: Serum urea and creatinine level were signifi cantly highest among the high risk for CVD group. Increasing public health awareness and aggressive lifestyle modifi cation programmes are essential in combating this serious health problem.

Biofunctionalized graphene oxide wrapped carbon nanotubes enabled microfluidic immunochip for bacterial cells detection

Singh, Chandan,Ali, Md. Azahar,Reddy, Venu,Singh, Dinesh,Kim, Cheol Gi,Sumana, G.,Malhotra, B.D. Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical Vol.255 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A sensitive and selective microfluidic immunochip was fabricated for detection of <I>Salmonella typhimurium</I> (<I>S. typhimurium</I>) bacterial cells. In this sensor, graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets wrapped carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (cMWCNTs) composite acted as a transducer material. The colloidal solution of GO-cMWCNTs composite was selectively deposited onto patterned indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and sealed with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micro channels. The <I>S. typhimurium</I> antibodies (StAb) were <I>in situ</I> biofunctionalized followed by EDC-NHS covalent chemistry <I>via</I> amidation reaction. The presence of abundant functional groups at the GO-cMWCNTs composite improved the loading of antibodies (StAb) against <I>S</I>. <I>typhimurium</I> leading to improved biosensing characteristics. Wrapping of cMWCNTs with GO resulted in superior electron transfer behavior enhancing the sensitivity (162.47μA/CFU<SUP>−1</SUP>/mLcm<SUP>−2</SUP>) almost two folds as compared to that based on GO (89.16μA/CFU<SUP>−1</SUP>/mLcm<SUP>−2</SUP>) sheets for bacterial cells detection. Besides this, GO wrapped cMWCNTs integrated microfluidics biosensor offered low detection limit as 0.376 CFU/mL and negligible interference due to presence of <I>Escherichia coli</I> (<I>E. coli</I> (O157:H7).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Microfluidic Electrochemical immunosensor for <I>Salmonella typhimurium</I> detection designed using soft lithography technique. </LI> <LI> Graphene Oxide (GO) wrapped caboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (cMWCNTS) used as a transducer material for highly sensitive detection of <I>Salmonella typhimurium</I>. </LI> <LI> Wrapping of cMWCNTs with GO leads to improved electrochemical performance of the composite as compared to GO, most probably due to the synergistic effect. </LI> <LI> The functional groups available on GO and cMWCNTS were utilized for antibody functionalization using carbodiimide coupling using EDC-NHS chemistry results into the improved detection range. </LI> <LI> The designed microfluidic immunosensor utilized to detect <I>Salmonella typhimurium</I> with negligible interference in presence of potential inteferent like <I>E. Coli</I>. </LI> </UL> </P>

Management of Psoriasis through Unani Medicine: a Case Study

Khatoon, Faiza,Uddin, Qamar,Jabeen, Arzeena,Azahar, Mohd,Alam, Md Aftab,Munim, Abdul Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.2

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease clinically characterized by erythematous, sharply demarcated papules and rounded plaques covered by silvery white micaceous scales. It affects about 1-3% of the world's population. Although considerable advances have been made in the management of psoriasis in recent years, the disease remains incurable. Current treatment does not affect disease activity, and relapse occurs quickly after cessation of treatment. Moreover, topical and systemic conventional therapies used in the management of psoriasis are associated with adverse effects. In Unani system of medicine, psoriasis is known as Taqashshur al-Jild, which is caused by predominance of black bile and characterised by scaling of skin. Various topical as well as systemic Unani formulations are effectively used in the management of psoriasis. This case study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Unani formulations, Itrīfal Shāhtra and Marham Ḥinā in the management of psoriasis. A 49-year-old male patient presenting with psoriasis came to the OPD of National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders, Hyderabad. Treatment was given to the patient for a period of 12 weeks. PASI score was significantly reduced from 40.5 at baseline to 2.2 after treatment. Unani formulations were found safe and effective in the management of Psoriasis as assessed by validated scales.

Polyaniline-carboxymethyl cellulose nanocomposite for cholesterol detection.

Barik, Abdul,Solanki, Pratima R,Kaushik, Ajeet,Ali, Azahar,Pandey, M K,Kim, C G,Malhotra, B D American Scientific Publishers 2010 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.10 No.10

<P>Cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) has been covalently immobilized onto polyaniline-carboxymethyl cellulose (PANI-CMC) nanocomposite film deposited onto indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass plate using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linker. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic and electrochemical studies have been used to characterize the PANI-CMC/ITO nanocomposite electrode and ChOx/PANI-CMC/ITO bioelectrode. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies reveal the formation of PANI-CMC nanocomposite fibers of size approximately 150 nm in diameter. The ChOx/PANI-CMC/ITO bioelectrode exhibits linearity as 0.5-22 mM, detection limit as 1.31 mM, sensitivity as 0.14 mA/mM cm2, response time as 10 s and shelf-life of about 10 weeks when bioelectrode is stored at 4 degrees C. The low value of Michaelis-Menten constant (K(m)) obtained as 2.71 mM reveals high affinity of immobilized ChOx for PANI-CMC/ITO nanocomposite electrode.</P>

Empirically Based Rainfall Threshold for Landslides Occurrence in Peninsular Malaysia

Abdul Muaz Abu Mansor Maturidi,Norhidayu Kasim,Kamarudin Abu Taib,Wan Nur Aifa Wan Azahar,Husna Binti Ahmad Tajuddin 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.12

Empirical rainfall thresholds for the purpose of shallow landslide forecasting are proposed for Peninsular Malaysia where numerous slope failures are reported due to the intense rainfall in conjunction with the humid tropical climate. Thirty-seven cases of landslide-triggering-rainfall were selected from 1993 to 2018 to identify the correlation between rainfall and shallow landslide through the analysis of specific rainfall events. The derived rainfall parameters were applied to establish two rainfall thresholds of (Imean-D) and (Imax-D) via practical methods. For the identical range of event duration 1 < D < 263 h, the (Imean-D) threshold formula was expressed as I = 17.5 D−0.722, while the (Imax-D) threshold was defined as I = 37.8 D−0.114. Both thresholds performed different functionalities with a primary goal of predicting shallow landslides. When both (Imean-D) and (Imax-D) thresholds were compared with the thresholds proposed by various studies worldwide, both dominated the upper positions. More rainfall is required for land sliding due to the high thickness of the Malaysian soil that is associated with the abundant tropical downpour. From the perspective of the antecedent, the period of prolonged precipitation or short heavy rainfall from 1 to 10 days can result in shallow landslides for Peninsular Malaysia. In the context of geology, the igneous rock type of granite has the highest susceptibility to the shallow landslide at 65%, despite other rock types of sedimentary and metamorphic. The threshold validation depicted all True Positive events for the (Imax-D) threshold, and one Negative False event for the (Imean-D) threshold. The (Imean-D) threshold was revised to acquire the new value, but it needed to deal with the possibility of False Alarm and the (Imax-D) threshold seemed to be more credible to represent the rainfall-induced shallow landslide threshold for Peninsular Malaysia.