객관적 귀속 – 가능성과 한계

우어스 킨트호이저(Urs Kindhä,user),윤재왕(Yoon, Zai-Wang)(譯),홍영기(Hong, Young-Gi)(譯) 한국형사법학회 2013 刑事法硏究 Vol.25 No.4

Die Suche nach einem erlaubten Risiko, das gleichermaßen vorsätzlich und fährlässig eingegangen werden dürfe, ohne für eine hieraus resultierende Erfolgsverursachung zuständig zu sein, hat sich weitgehend als ergebnislos herausgestellt. Die Verwirklichung eines objektiven Tatbestands ist nur zu verneinen, wenn das Opfer selbst auf seinen Schutz verzichtet – sei es in Form einer verbotsaufhebenden Einwilligung, sei es in Form einer tatbestandslosen eigenverantwortlichen Selbstgefährdung. Das sog. erlaubte Risiko in Gefahrenbereichen bezieht sich dagegen nur auf Fahrlässigkeitsdelikte. Sozialadäquanz und rollengemäßes Sozialverhalten schließlich sind keine allgemeingültigen Kriterien, die bei allen Delikten die objektive Zurechnung der Tatbestandsverwirklichung hindern könnten.

Zum strafrechtlichen Schutz von Kindern vor Misshandlung

우어스 킨트호이저(Urs Kindhä,user),손미숙 중앙대학교 법학연구원 2013 法學論文集 Vol.37 No.2

Effective speckle noise suppression in optical coherence tomography images using nonlocal means denoising filter with double Gaussian anisotropic kernels

Aum, Jaehong,Kim, Ji-hyun,Jeong, Jichai The Optical Society 2015 Applied optics Vol.54 No.13

<P>Non-local means (NLM) filter is one of the state-of-the-art denoising filters. It exploits the presence of similar features in an image and averages those similar features to remove noise. However, a conventional NLM filter shows somewhat inferior performance of noise reduction around edges, suffering from low efficiency of collecting similar features to be averaged. In order to overcome this phenomenon, we propose a NLM filter with double Gaussian anisotropic kernels as a substitute for the conventional homogeneous kernel to effectively remove noise from OCT images corrupted by speckle noise. The proposed filter was evaluated by comparing with various denoising filters such as conventional NLM filter, median filter, bilateral filter, and Wiener filter. The fingertip OCT images, which were processed with the different denoising filters, indicated that the proposed NLM filter provides superior denoising performance, among the filters in terms of the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), the equivalent number of looks (ENL), and the speckle suppression index (SSI). A human retina OCT image was also used to compare and show the performances of noise reduction among different filters. In addition, the denoising performance with the proposed NLM filter was also investigated in the synthetic images for fair comparison among the filters by calculating the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). The proposed NLM filter outperformed the conventional NLM filter as well as the other filters. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America</P>

Orthodromic Transfer of the Temporalis Muscle in Incomplete Facial Nerve Palsy

Aum, Jae Ho,Kang, Dong Hee,Oh, Sang Ah,Gu, Ja Hea Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2013 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.40 No.4

Background Temporalis muscle transfer produces prompt surgical results with a one-stage operation in facial palsy patients. The orthodromic method is surgically simple, and the vector of muscle action is similar to the temporalis muscle action direction. This article describes transferring temporalis muscle insertion to reconstruct incomplete facial nerve palsy patients. Methods Between August 2009 and November 2011, 6 unilateral incomplete facial nerve palsy patients underwent surgery for orthodromic temporalis muscle transfer. A preauricular incision was performed to expose the mandibular coronoid process. Using a saw, the coronoid process was transected. Three strips of the fascia lata were anchored to the muscle of the nasolabial fold through subcutaneous tunneling. The tension of the strips was adjusted by observing the shape of the nasolabial fold. When optimal tension was achieved, the temporalis muscle was sutured to the strips. The surgical results were assessed by comparing pre- and postoperative photographs. Three independent observers evaluated the photographs. Results The symmetry of the mouth corner was improved in the resting state, and movement of the oral commissure was enhanced in facial animation after surgery. Conclusions The orthodromic transfer of temporalis muscle technique can produce prompt results by applying the natural temporalis muscle vector. This technique preserves residual facial nerve function in incomplete facial nerve palsy patients and produces satisfying cosmetic outcomes without malar muscle bulging, which often occurs in the turn-over technique.

The Oblique Collision of Elastic Sphere

Aum, Ho-sung 선문대학교·중소기업기술지원연구소 1998 선문공대 연구/기술 논문집 Vol.3 No.1

평면에 탄성을 가진 구가 비스듬히 충돌했을 경우 구의 운동에 대한 해가 제시되었다. 충돌체의 접촉면에서 생기는 변형을 해석하는데 Hertz이론이 사용되었다. 물체의 충돌시 접촉면에서 발생하는 탄성변형은 충돌체의 크기에 비해 매우 작으나 탄성체의 충돌해석에 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있다. 충돌체가 접촉하고 있는 동안 탄성력과 마찰력의 작용으로 접촉면 사이에서 생기는 미끄러짐(sliding)과 교착(stick)의 복잡한 변화가 발생하였다. 충돌후 구의 궤적은 두변수에 의해 좌우된다. 하나는 입사각이고 다른 하나는 평면과 충돌하는 구 사이의 마찰력이다. A solution is developed for the oblique collision of an elastic sphere on the plane. The Hertz theory is used for the analysis of deformation on the contact point of colliding bodies. Even though the elastic deformations that occur during the impact of colliding bodies is small in comparison to their actual dimensions, they play an important role in the elastic collisions. During the time the colliding bodies are in contact, elasticity and friction combine to produce a complex variation of sliding and stick throughout the contact surface. The trajectory of the sphere depends on the two parameters: one related to the angle of incident and the other to the friction between collidng sphere and flat plane.

국립정동극장 재건축

엄앤드이종합건축사사무소(Aum & Lee Architects&A) 현대건축사 2022 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.274

Live Acquisition of Internal Fingerprint With Automated Detection of Subsurface Layers Using OCT

Jaehong Aum,Ji-Hyun Kim,Jichai Jeong IEEE 2016 Photonics Technology Letters Vol.28 No.2

<P>Recently, optical coherence tomography (OCT) was introduced as a novel fingerprint scanning technique. This approach is resistant to fake fingerprint attacks, and is robust against poor fingertip conditions, i.e., wet or stained fingers. The method proceeds by scanning a fingertip in three dimensions and capturing a fingerprint from the subsurface layer. Although OCT has the potential to be widely used as a new standard in fingerprint scanning, it is hindered by its low scanning speed and the lack of computing power available for reproducing raw OCT data into images in real time; for instance, this process can take minutes to obtain barely one fingerprint image. In this letter, we introduce a novel spectral-domain OCT-based 3-D fingerprint scanner that is capable of obtaining an internal fingerprint image within 2 s. In order to obtain internal fingerprint images from raw OCT data in real time, we used graphics processing unit for massive parallel computation, along with an automated method for extracting the internal fingerprint from a 3-D scan of a fingertip. In addition, the robustness of the OCT fingerprint scanner was established by comparing fingerprint images-of wet, stained, and damaged fingertips-that were obtained by the OCT system with those from a commercially available optical fingerprint scanner.</P>

현대국어의 수의적 음운현상에 대한 연구

엄태수 ( Aum Tae-su ) 국제어문학회 2014 국제어문 Vol.60 No.-

이 연구의 목적은 지금까지 수의적 음운현상이라고 일컬어진 음운현상을 살펴보고 수의적 음운현상이라고 할 수 없는 것과 몇 가지 수의적 음운현상의 특징에 대해서 논의했다. 공시적 음운현상만을 수의적 음운현상의 대상으로 삼았다. 공시적 음운현상이라고 할 수 없는 어휘 내부의 음운변화에 의한 어휘들이나 방언 차이에 의한 어휘들도 배제했다. 사회언어학적 조건에 의한 어휘들이나 정서적 감정, 문체나 발화 속도 차이에 의한 어휘들도 수의적 음운현상에서 제외했다. 특히 2장에서는 수의적 음운현상으로 볼 수 없는 음운규칙을 대상으로 논의했다. 2장은 음운규칙의 소멸과 생성으로 인한 어휘들에 관한 문제가 논의되었다. 이에 대한 논의는 `ㄹ+ㄴ`구성에서의 `ㄹ` 탈락과 `ㄴ`의 유음화의 문제, `ㄴ+ㄹ`구성에서의 유음화와 비음화의 문제였다. 사라지는 규칙의 적용을 받는 어휘형과 새로운 규칙을 적용받는 어휘형은 서로 수의적 음운현상이라고 할 수 없다. 국어에서 공시적 규칙으로 수의적 음운현상으로 볼 수 있는 것은 `ㅎ`탈락과 위치동화이다. 둘 다 공시적인 결합 제약이 필수적인 규칙에 비해서 강도가 약하기 때문에 수의적으로 음운현상이 발생하는 것으로 보인다. 그러나 현대의 이론으로는 이러한 수의적 현상을 형식화하기 힘든 것으로 파악된다. The purpose of this work is to clearly define the optional phonological phenomenon of Korean and examine its characteristics. The scope of the work is limited to the synchronic phonological phenomenon. Variants by internal phonological change of lexeme or dialects were, therefore, not considered. Variants depend on sociolinguistic conditions, emotions, style of writing, or difference in pace of speech deliverance are also excluded. The highlight of this work is Chapter 2, where the problem of variants caused by creation and extinction of phonological rules are addressed. In specific, this problem is regarding the deletion of `1` in `1+n` form and the liquidization of `n`, as well as the liquidization and nasalization in `n+1` form. Word forms that are either subject of disappearing rule or subject of newly created rule cannot be considered optional phonological phenomenon. The optional phonological phenomenon in Korean which can be considered synchronic is the deletion of `h` and place assimilation. Both cases seem to influence the rise of optional phonological phenomenon because their binding constraints are all weaker than that of essential rules. However, this kind of optional phonological phenomenon is difficult to be explained by existing works.

하이데거에 있어서 사물존재와 역사성

엄필선 ( Aum Pil-sun ) 한국하이데거학회 2009 존재론 연구 Vol.19 No.-

하이데거 전 사유과정에 걸쳐 제기된 사물존재에 대한 물음은 인간존재의 시 · 공간성과 존재의 시 · 공간성이 지닌 존재론적 의미와 연관되어 있으며, 이는 각각 인간존재의 역사성과 존재의 역사성으로 규정될 수 있다. 두 역사성에서는 존재론적 동일성과 차이성이 드러나는데, 그 중 동일성은 우리가 두 역사성을 사유함이 가능하도록 하지만, 차이성은 두 역사성을 구분된 가운데 이해하도록, 즉 다른 이해의 접근방식을 취하도록 한다. 하이데거 사유과정의 전개는 바로 이러한 두 역사성의 존재론적 동일성에 근거한 고찰인가 아니면 차이성에 근거한 고찰인가에 기인하고 있으며, 이에 따라 구분된다. 그런데 여기서 주목할 만한 것은, 사물존재에 대한 이해가 두 역사성에 대한 이해뿐 아니라 둘의 존재론적 차이성을 이해하는데 있어서 결정적 역할을 하고 있다는 것이다. 이는 사물존재에 대한 이해가 하이데거 사유의 핵심을 이해함에 있어서도 중요하지만, 사유전개과정을 이해함에 있어서 또한 중요함을 지적하고 있다. 그러나 지금까지 하이데거 사유의 해석 작업에서는 이 둘 모두가 간과되어왔다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 사유의 각 시기 속에서 사물존재가 어떻게 이해되는지, 이러한 이해가 사유의 전개와 어떠한 연관성을 지니는지 살펴봄을 일차적 과제로 삼고 있다. 그리고 사물존재에 대한 이해의 총체적 윤곽제시를 넘어, 이에 대한 이해에 의해 가능한 세계, 그것의 가능성을 조망해 보고자 한다. Die in Heideggers gesamten Denkweg aufgeworfenen Fragen zum Sein des Dings beziehen sich auf die Auslegung des Menschenseins und des Seins selbst in Hinsicht auf den ontologischen Sinn der Zeit- und Raumlichkeit. Diese Fragen gelten je als die Thematisierung der Geschichtlichkeit des Menschenseins und die der Geschichtlichkeit des Seins. Die Frage nach all diesen ist uberhaupt moglich aufgrund ihrer ontologischen Identitat. Dagegen sind die beiden Geschichtlichkeiten aufgrund ihrer ontologischen Differenz im Unterschied zu einander thematisiert zu werden und mit unterschiedlicher Herangehensweise. Die Entwicklungsgestalt von Heideggers Denkweg beruht gerade darauf, ob die Untersuchung auf der ontologischen Identitat dieser beiden Geschichtlichkeiten grundet oder auf ihrer ontologischen Differenz. Es ist bemerkenswert dabei, dass das Verstandnis des Dingseins nicht nur bei der Auffassung von beiden Geschichtlichkeiten uberhaupt, sondem sogar bei der Auffassung der ontologischen Differenz der beiden eine entscheidende Rolle spielt. Der daraus folgende Hinweis zeigt, wie das Verstandnis des Dingseins zum wichtigen Belang wird und welche wichtige Rolle dieses Verstandnis bei der Entwicklung Heideggers Denkwegs spielt. Die bisherige Interpretation vom Sein des Dings bei Heidegger hat allerdings dieses ubersehen. Ein Hauptziel dieser Arbeit besteht daher vor allem darin, das Verstandnis des Dingseins in jeder Denkphase und den Bezug zwischen diesem Verstandnis und der Entwicklung der Denkphasen darzustellen. Daruber hinaus wird aber auch hier ein anderes Ziel ins Auge gefasst, was und wie die Welt ist, und ob diese Welt moglich ware.

신재생에너지 최적화 설계기법에 관한 기초적 연구

엄태윤(Aum Tae Yun),김상윤(Kim Snag Yun),김상준(Kim Sna Jun) 한국통신학회 2018 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.6