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Semiha Comertoglu Arslan,Ibrahim Selcuk Esin,Atilla Cayır,Zerrin Orbak,Onur Burak Dursun 대한정신약물학회 2021 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.19 No.3
Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the psychopathology behind gynecomastia and potential associated problems regarding self-esteem and body perception, and the relationships of these variables with sex steroid levels in adolescents with pubertal gynecomastia. Methods: The study included 50 normal weight male adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years with gynecomastia but without any chronic organic pathology, and 50 healthy pubertal male adolescents matched for age. The adolescents underwent psychopathology assessment by Development and Well-Being Assessment interviews; self-esteem was assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; body perception was evaluated using the Body Image Perception Scale, and the relationship between these variables and sex steroid levels were explored. Results: The results of the study revealed that the gynecomastia group had significantly greater internalization disorder (2 = 12.96, p < 0.001), and impairments in self-esteem (z = −1.975, p = 0.024) and body perception (z = −2.286, p = 0.022), and these variables were correlated with the gynecomastia stage. In the study group, cortisol levels were significantly higher (z = −2.330, p = 0.02) in adolescents with internalization disorder compared to those without, and cortisol levels increased in parallel with increased gynecomastia duration (r = 0.386, p = 0.006). Conclusion: In our study, we found that gynecomastia, depending on its stage, may lead to internalization disorder and impair self-esteem and body perception. It was found that there was no direct relationship between these parameters and sex steroids in pubertal gynecomastia, except for high cortisol levels in adolescents with internalization disorder.
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Mostafakamal Shams,Ertan Yildirim,Melek Ekinci,Metin Turan,Atilla Dursun,Fazilet Parlakova,Raziye Kul 한국원예학회 2016 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.57 No.3
We investigated the effects of exogenous glycine betaine (GB) applications on antioxidant enzyme activity, dry matter, and the contents of organic acids, amino acids, total antioxidants, and total phenolics in lettuce, Lactuca sativa, under salt stress. The treatments included four concentrations of GB (0, 5, 10, and 25 mM) and two levels of salinity (0 and 100 mM of NaCl). The 25 mM GB treatment increased dry matter and the content of total phenolics in lettuce plants compared to the non-GB-treated plants under salt stress. Salinity (100 mM NaCl without GB) significantly reduced dry matter, total phenolic content, and total antioxidant content in the plants. However, the lettuce plants grown under salt stress generally had higher amino acid and organic acid contents than those grown under non-salinity conditions. GB treatments had different effect on amino acid and organic acid contents under salinity conditions. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities were elevated under the 100 mM NaCl and 0 mM GB treatments, whereas higher concentrations of GB decreased them under salt stress. The 25 mM GB treatment mitigated the negative effect of salt stress and increased the dry matter by 44% compared to the plants that were treated with 100 mM NaCl and 0 mM GB. The results suggested that exogenous GB treatments could ameliorate the tolerance of lettuce to salt stress by increasing the total antioxidants and total phenolics, and regulating antioxidant enzyme activity, and altering the contents of organic acids and amino acids.
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Bülent Çetin,Hakan Özer,Ahmet Cakir,Tas¸kin Polat,Atilla Dursun,Ebru Mete,Erdog˘an O¨ ztu¨rk,Melek Ekinci 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.1
The objective of this study was to determine the chemical compositions of the essential oil and hexane extract isolated from the inflorescence, leaf stems, and aerial parts of Florence fennel and the antimicrobial activities of the essential oil, hexane extract, and their major component, anethole, against a large variety of foodborne microorganisms. Gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that the essential oils obtained from inflorescence, leaf stems, and whole aerial parts contained (E)-anethole (59.28–71.69%), limonene (8.30–10.73%), apiole (trace to 9.23%), β-fenchyl acetate (3.02–4.80%), and perillene (2.16–3.29%) as the main components. Likewise, the hexane extract of the plant sample exhibited a similar chemical composition, and it contained (E)-anethole (53.00%), limonene (27.16%), γ-terpinene (4.09%), and perillene (3.78%). However, the hexane extract also contained less volatile components such as n-hexadecanoic acid (1.62%), methyl palmitate (1.17%), and linoleic acid (1.15%). The in vitro antimicrobial assays showed that the essential oil, anethole, and hexane extract were effective against most of the foodborne pathogenic, saprophytic, probiotic, and mycotoxigenic microorganisms tested. The results of the present study revealed that (E)-anethole, the main component of Florence fennel essential oil, is responsible for the antimicrobial activity and that the essential oils as well as the hexane extract can be used as a food preservative. This study is the first report showing the antimicrobial activities of essential oil and hexane extract of Florence fennel against probiotic bacteria.
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