Disaster Risk Reduction and Disability

Asha Hans 한국장애인재활협회 2013 재활복지 Vol.17 No.2

전세계적으로 주요한 변화는 많은 나라에서 재해위험감소(DRR) 프로그램 및 정책에 대해 더욱 초점을 두게 된 것이다. DRR은 자연재해에 대한 사회경제적 취약성 감소에 초점을 둔다. 국제적으로는 2005년 재해위험감소노력 청사진인 효고행동계획(HFA)이 168개 정부에 의해 채택되었다. 그러나 HFA는 장애인의 필요는 간과해왔으나 장애운동가들은 계속 일해왔다. 법적 포함을 위한 시도 중 하나로 UNCRPD Article 111)조가 있다. 지난 십 년간, 재난은 전세계적으로 약 25억 명에 상당한 영향을 미쳐왔으며, 이 수치는 1990년대 이래 두 배 증가한 것이다. 지난 십 년간 대부분의 재난은 중국, 미국, 필리핀, 인도, 인도네시아에서 대부분 발생하여, 이 5개 국가는 자연재해에 가장 흔히 노출되고 있다. 최근 일본의 사건들은 앞으로 예상할 필요가 있는 새롭고 재앙적인 위험들을 가리킨다. 지구기후변화가 이런 많은 사건들의 배경이 되긴 하지만, 이들은 정부가 장애의 차원에서 다룰 수 있고 다뤘어야 할 미해결 개발 문제들을 드러낸다. An increasingly rapid growth in research and analysis relating to humanitarian crisis has been observed over the last twenty years. While a considerable body of evidence from the recent series of disasters exists, this literature rarely analyzes how disasters constitute a critical challenge to persons with disabilities. However some interesting reports were produced, followed by advocacy attempts by DPOs to make laws based on equality and justice and with universal applicability. During the last decade, disasters have had a significant impact on about 2.5 billion people globally-a number that has doubled since the 1990s. Over the last decade most of the disasters have been registered in China, the United States, the Philippines, India and Indonesia the top five countries which are most frequently hit by natural disasters. The recent events in Japan point to new and catastrophic risks that need to be anticipated. While global climate change provides a backdrop to many of these events, they expose unresolved development problems that governments could and should address in the context of disability.

Impact of Population on Economic Development: Evidence from India

Asha SHARMA Korea Distribution Science Association 2023 Asian journal of business environment Vol.13 No.3

Purpose: The main purpose of the paper is to find the association between the population and the GDP of India and whether the population has any impact on economic development and growth or not. It aims to find out the impact of the increase in population on economic development. Research design, data, and methodology: Gross domestic product, national income, gross saving, per capita income, and capital formation of the last six years have been taken as the major variable to measure economic growth. For the study, data were collected from the fiscal years 2014-15 through 2020-21. Statistical techniques like correlation and regression have been applied to test the hypotheses. The neural network has been applied to find the fitness of the model. Results: In India, there is no significant relationship has been found between GDP and population. It is found that there is no significant impact of population on economic development. Conclusion: The population is not affecting economic growth-; therefore, it can be said that India is overpopulated. More population is the means as well as the end of economic development. The problem of population explosion in India has proved to be a big hindrance to the success of economic planning and development.

Purification and Characterization of a Thermophilic Cellulase from a Novel Cellulolytic Strain, Paenibacillus barcinonensis

Asha, Balachandrababu Malini,Revathi, Masilamani,Yadav, Amit,Sakthivel, Natarajan The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.11

A novel bacterial strain, MG7, with high cellulase activity was isolated and identified by morphological characteristics and molecular phylogeny analysis as Paenibacillus barcinonensis. Maximum production of cellulase by MG7 was observed at pH 7.0 and $35^{\circ}C$. The enzyme was purified with a specific activity of 16.88 U/mg, the cellulase activity was observed in a zymogram, and its molecular mass (58.6 kDa) was confirmed by SDS-PAGE. The purified enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 6.0 and $65^{\circ}C$ and degraded cellulosic substrates such as carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), Avicel, filter paper, and ${\beta}$-glucan. The enzyme showed stability with 0.5% concentration of various surfactants. The $K_m$ and $V_{max}$ of cellulase for CMC and Avicel were found to be 0.459mg/ml and 10.46mg/ml/h, and 1.01 mg/ml and 10.0 mg/ml/h, respectively. The high catalytic activity and its stability to temperature, pH, surfactants, and metal ions indicated that the cellulase enzyme by MG7 is a good candidate for biotechnological applications.

Whither Feminism … wither Marxism?

Asha Achuthan 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2005 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 학술대회자료집 Vol.2005 No.6

How to Interpret a Functional or Motility Test : Techniques of Functional and Motility Test: How to Perform and Interpret Intestinal Permeability

( Asha Mishra ),( Govind K Makharia ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2012 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.18 No.4

Transport of molecules across the intestinal epithelium takes place through 2 major routes, ie, trans-cellular and paracellular. Assessment of intestinal permeability is performed to assess the overall function of transport through the intestinal epithelial paracellular route. Urinary excretion of disaccharides and monosaccharides and ratio of their excretion is a basis for measurement of intestinal permeability. Lactulose and mannitol ratio is the most commonly used test for assessment of small intestinal permeability and the most reliable method for measurement of concentration of lactulose and mannitol in the urine is high performance liquid chromatography. After the measurement of concentration of probes in the urine; the results are expressed as the ratio of percentage excretion of the ingested dose of lactulose and mannitol in the urine. Testing of intestinal permeability is not required for routine patient care, however it is an important tool to understand the function of the paracellular transport in the research setting. Increase in intestinal permeability has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases including celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, type I diabetes and food allergy. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012;18:443-447)

Immunochromatographic Assessment of Salivary Cotinine and Its Correlation With Nicotine Dependence in Tobacco Chewers

Asha V,Dhanya M 대한암예방학회 2015 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.20 No.2

Background:This study assessed the correlation between nicotine dependence and salivary cotinine levels in tobacco chewers and checked the reliability of Fagerstorm test in tobacco cessation programmes. Methods:The study sample included 75 tobacco chewers aged between 20 to 50 years. Self-reported nicotine dependence was evaluated using Fagerstorm Test for Nicotine dependence-smokeless tobacco questionnaire. Patients were categorized into low, moderate andhigh dependent chewers based on their answers to the questionnaire. The unstimulated salivary cotinine levels were measured by immunochromatographic assay using the NicAlert saliva test. Data was analysed using the chi-square test for testing intra-group variation, analysis of variance for testing between-groups variation, and the Spearman coefficient for assessing the association between variables. Results:No statistically significant association was seen between salivary cotinine levels and nicotine dependence. A weak positive correlation was noted between the above variables (r = 0.230). In the group studied, it was evident that the patients were under-reporting the nicotine dependence. Conclusions:The measurement of salivary cotinine by immunochromatographic assay using NicAlert saliva test is a useful and convenient method for studying the nicotine dependence in tobacco chewers. Immunochromatography-based cotinine test strips are an easy method of detecting salivary cotinine in a dental setup. From this study we are of the opinion that a simple questionnaire like Fagerstorm test can give a less adequate analysis of patient’s dependence especially in countries like India, where patients tend to under-report their dependency. Immediate feedback from a chairside test can help both the dentists and patients during a tobacco cessation programme.

A Frequency-Dependent Model of a Cabtyre Cable for a Transient Analysis

Asha, Shendge,Naoto, Nagaoka The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2012 The Journal of International Council on Electrical Vol.2 No.4

A frequency-dependent line model is very significant for an accurate analysis of line and cable transients. This paper has proposed a methodology to obtain a frequency-dependent distributed-parameter line model of a cabtyre cable by employing an exponential curve fitting from a measured transient voltage and an injected current. The characteristic admittance and propagation function are expressed by exponential functions in Semlyen line model of EMTP (Electro-magnetic transient program) and Maple software has been used as an optimization tool. The frequency dependence of the per unit series impedance and shunt admittance and their phase angles are derived from the obtained propagation parameters. Simulation results by the proposed model agree well with the measured results. The proposed approach is expected to be useful to analyze a transient associated with the cabtyre cable.

Pseudoxanthomonas icgebensis sp. nov., Isolated from the Midgut of Anopheles stephensi Field-Collected Larvae

Asha Rani,Anil Sharma,Tridibes Adak,Raj K. Bhatnagar 한국미생물학회 2010 The journal of microbiology Vol.48 No.5

A Gram-negative, aerobic, golden yellow, rod-shaped bacterium, a strain designated ICGEB-L15T, was isolated from the larval midgut of Anopheles stephensi captured in District Jhajjar, Haryana, India. The strain ICGEB-L15T grows at 30-50°C (optimum 30-37°C), pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum 7.0-8.0) and in the presence of 2% NaCl. The major fatty acids were iso-C15:0 (22.5% of total fatty acid), anteiso-C15:0 (16.5%), iso-C17:1ω9c (10.3%), iso-C16:0 (7.3%), C16:0 (6.1%), and iso-C11:0 (5.3%). The strain showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with the type strains Pseudoxanthomonas daejeonensis KCTC 12207T (97.4%), Pseudoxanthomonas kaohsiungensis J36T (97.17%), and Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana AMX 26BT (97.11%). The DNA relatedness between ICGEB-L15T and Pseudoxanthomonas daejeonensis KCTC 12207T, Pseudoxanthomonas kaohsiungensis J36T and Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana AMX 26BT was 24.5%, 28.2%, and 33.6%, respectively. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 69.9 mol%. The major isoprenoid quinone of strain ICGEB-L15T was Q-8. The strain ICGEB-L15T represents a novel species of the genus Pseudoxanthomonas based on physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic properties; therefore, the name Pseudoxanthomonas icgebensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ICGEB-L15T (=KACC 14090T =DSM 22536T).

Automatic Detection of Texture-defects using Texture-periodicity and Jensen-Shannon Divergence

Asha, V.,Bhajantri, N.U.,Nagabhushan, P. Korea Information Processing Society 2012 Journal of information processing systems Vol.8 No.2

In this paper, we propose a new machine vision algorithm for automatic defect detection on patterned textures with the help of texture-periodicity and the Jensen-Shannon Divergence, which is a symmetrized and smoothed version of the Kullback-Leibler Divergence. Input defective images are split into several blocks of the same size as the size of the periodic unit of the image. Based on histograms of the periodic blocks, Jensen-Shannon Divergence measures are calculated for each periodic block with respect to itself and all other periodic blocks and a dissimilarity matrix is obtained. This dissimilarity matrix is utilized to get a matrix of true-metrics, which is later subjected to Ward's hierarchical clustering to automatically identify defective and defect-free blocks. Results from experiments on real fabric images belonging to 3 major wallpaper groups, namely, pmm, p2, and p4m with defects, show that the proposed method is robust in finding fabric defects with a very high success rates without any human intervention.

Efficient Ultrasound Enhance Novel Series of 2-((E)-2,3-Dihydro-2-(4- (phenylthio)phenyl)benzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-4-yl)phenol as an Antimicrobial Agent

Asha V. Chate,Sanjay K. Dabhade,Pravin V. Badadhe,Ratnadeep S. Joshi,Charansingh H. Gill 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.11

An efficient synthesis of 1,5-Benzothiazepines via Michael addition of corresponding (E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-(phenylthio)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one is described under ultrasound irradiation. A series of novel 2-((E)-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-(phenylthio)phenyl)benzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-4-yl)phenol derivatives was confirmed on the basis of 1H NMR, Mass, IR spectral data and Elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities. Most of the compounds were found to be comparable potent than the reference standard drugs. Utilization of ultrasound irradiation, simple reaction conditions, isolation, and purification makes this manipulation very interesting from an economic and environmental perspective.