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Lee, Jin Soo,Lee, Seong-Joon,Hong, Ji Man,Choi, Jin Wook,Hong, Jeong-Ho,Chang, Hyuk-Won,Kim, Chang-Hyun,Kim, Yong-Won,Kang, Dong-Hun,Kim, Yong-Sun,Ovbiagele, Bruce,Demchuk, Andrew M.,Hwang, Yang-Ha,So Korean Society of Interventional Neuroradiology 2018 Neurointervention Vol.13 No.1
<P><B>Background and Purpose</B></P><P>The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the influence of temporal patterns related to the availability of new endovascular treatment (EVT) devices on care processes and outcomes among patients with AIS.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>We enrolled 720 consecutive patients (January 2011 to May 2016) in a retrospective registry, ASIAN KR, from three Korean hospitals, who received EVT for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by cervicocephalic arterial occlusions. We performed period-to-period analyses based on stent retriever reimbursement and the availability of second-generation direct-aspiration devices (Period 1: January 2011–July 2014 vs. Period 2: August 2014–May 2016); time metrics and outcomes were compared when the onset-to-puncture time was <720 min among patients with EVT for intracranial occlusion.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Period 2 had better post-EVT outcomes (3-month modified Rankin Scale 0–2 or equal to prestroke score, 48.3% vs. 60.2%, P=0.004), more successful reperfusion rates (modified Treatment In Cerebral Ischemia 2b–3, 74.2% vs. 82.2%, P=0.019), fewer subarachnoid hemorrhages (modified Fisher grade 3–4, 5.5% vs. 2.0%, P=0.034) and lower hemorrhagic transformation rates (any intracerebral hemorrhage, 35.3 vs. 22.7%, P=0.001) than Period 1. Compared to Period 1, Period 2 had a shorter door-to-puncture time (median 109 vs. 90 min, P<0.001), but longer onset-to-door time (129 vs. 143 min, P=0.057).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Recent temporal improvements in post-EVT AIS outcomes in Korea are likely due to a combination of enhanced hospital care processes and administration of newer thrombectomy devices.</P>
장윤성(Andrew S. Chang),장활식(Chang Hwal-Sik) 한국고대사학회 2009 韓國古代史硏究 Vol.0 No.54
첨성대에 관한 최초의 기록인 『삼국유사』 선덕왕지기삼사조는 첨성대와 선덕여왕 죽음간의 연관성을 숨겨진 형태로 전하고 있다. 이는 첨성대가 선덕여왕 몰년에 건립되었을 가능성을 강력히 시사한다. 또한 첨성대의 구조분석을 통하여 장대석들이 ??井이라는 글자를 이루고 있음을 발견했는데, 이는 첨성대가 선덕여왕의 재림을 기원하기 위한 목적으로 건립되었음을 의미한다. 첨성대는 밀교승려에 의해 건립되었기 때문에 그동안 해석의 어려움을 겪어왔을 것이다. 첨성대는 당시의 왕경 중심에 가까이 건립되었는데, 첨성대의 19단 장대석은 황룡사 남문, 기단의 서면(西面)은 서악리 고분군, 창문은 월성의 성문을 향하고 있다. 이는 천(天), 지(地), 인(人)의 개념을 각각 나타내는 것으로 해석될 수 있다. 첨성대 주위에 도랑이 있었고, 첨성대 외부가 9단까지 흙으로 덮여있었을 것으로 보이는 정황들이 발견되었다. The nature of Cheomseongdae, or Korea's so-called “star-gazing tower” located in the former Silla Dynasty capital of Gyeongju, remains one of country’s most provocative mysteries. This research argues that none of the numerous conflicting hypotheses that have been proposed satisfactorily explains the meaning of the tower. An analysis of the records in Samguk Yusa, a 13th century historical text, revealed a previously undiscovered message that the construction of Cheomseongdae was related to the death of Queen Seondeok, who reigned from 632 until 647. This finding is consistent with the 15th century historical text Samguk Sajeolyo, which states that Cheomseongdae was completed on the day of Queen Seondeok’s death. Moreover, the discovery of three Chinese characters formed by the long rectangle stones that run across the upper part of Cheomseongdae suggests that the tower was a Buddhist monument built in order to facilitate the queen’s reincarnation as an iconic religious figure. The interpretation of the characters? ? meaning ‘returning,’ ? meaning ‘surrounding,’ and 井 meaning ‘a well’? reinforces the theory that Cheomseongdae was constructed to fulfill Queen Seondeok’s wish to return to Silla in her next life as a Chakravartin, or a divine earthly ruler. According to the Buddhist script Mah?megha-s?tra, ‘Seondeok’ means one who is destined to be reborn as a Chakravartin. Evidence further indicates that Buddhist monks at the time, whose esoteric practices differed from those related to Shamanist practices, seem to be responsible for the construction of Cheomseongdae. Therefore, the intention of the structure could not have been fully explained by either a Buddhist perspective or by a Shamanic perspective. The west side of Cheomseongdae’s stylobate faces a tomb presumed to be that of King Jinheung, considered a Chakravartin of Silla. The window in the middle of Cheomseongdae faces to the gate of Wolseong, Silla’s Royal Palace. The letter ? hidden in the upper part of Cheomseongdae faces towards the main gate of the Buddhist temple Hwangrongsa. Cheomseongdae’s nine circular lower layers represent the Earth; the nine circular central layers represent humanity; the nine circular upper layers represent the sky or the heavens. The true symbolism of Cheomseongdae may have been made secret after the new dynasty of Goryo was established. No one would have dared to mention the return of the queen of Silla, which had been defeated and absorbed by Goryo. It was perhaps only after this new dynasty was established that Cheomseongdae began to be used to observe celestial movements.
임창균 ( Chang Gyoon Lim ),강오성 ( O Seong Andrew Kang ),이창영 ( Chang Young Lee ),김강철 ( Kang Chul Kim ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2013 인터넷정보학회논문지 Vol.14 No.6
본 논문에서는 모바일 로봇이 주어진 환경에서 물건 객체를 찾기 위해 RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) 태그의 위치를 추정할 수 있는 지능형 시스템을 설계하고 구현하였다. 개발된 지능형 시스템은 인공 신경망 시스템으로 RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indication)값을 입력으로 하고 절대 위치 좌표 값을 목표 값으로 하는 학습 시스템이다. 위치 추정을 위하여 수동형 RFID를 사용하였으며 능동형으로의 확장도 고려하였다. 실내에서 위치 추정을 위한 환경을 구축하여 사용될 수 있도록 시스템을 설계하였다. 또한 설계된 시스템을 소프트웨어 개발을 하였고, 실험을 통해 테스트베드 상에서 시스템 학습과 관련된 결과를 보여준다. 실제 현장과 유사한 환경에서 학습데이터 생성에서부터 실시간 위치 추정과 관련된 다양한 실험 결과를 보여준다. 실험 결과를 통해 모바일 로봇이 실내에서 원하는 객체를 쉽게 찾을 수 있음을 확인하였다. In this paper, we design and implement an intelligent system for finding objects with RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) tag in which an mobile robot can do. The system we developed is a learning system of artificial neural network that uses RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indicator) value as input and absolute coordination value as target. Although a passive RFID is used for location estimation, we consider an active RFID for expansion of recognition distance. We design the proposed system and construct the environment for indoor location estimation. The designed system is implemented with software and the result related learning is shown at test bed. We show various experiment results with similar environment of real one from earning data generation to real time location estimation. The accuracy of location estimation is verified by simulating the proposed method with allowable error. We prepare local test bed for indoor experiments and build a mobile robot that can find the objects user want.