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CONCEPT AND MANAGEMENT OF ISTISQĀ' (OEDEMA) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
Khan, Khalid Ali,Zakir, Mohammad,Khan, Shahid Ali,Khan, Rashid Ali Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.1
Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, and it is generally allied with liver disease like cirrhosis of the liver. The ascites is commonly associated with liver cirrhosis, malignancy, or cardiovascular disease today. The liver cirrhosis is the most significant cause of ascites in developed countries as per the available data. In the modern medicine system, the treatment includes the restriction of sodium intake, use of diuretics, and paracentesis done in severe cases. There are many side effects of synthetic chemical diuretics, and their long-term use is not recommended. The alternative medicine like Unani system of medicine provides natural diuretics and drugs which also have protective effects on kidney, liver and other internal organs. It is well known in all drug systems that the prognosis is poor in ascites, but the use of Unani herbal medicines can minimize the side effects caused by synthetic chemical diuretics. The natural herbs used for the management of ascites have fewer side effects as compared to synthetic drugs. The natural drugs can be used for longer duration and provide some dietary supplement which improves the quality of life. This review addressed the thorough treatment of ascites by natural diet and medications.
Khan, Nauman Rauf,Khan, Amna Nauman,Bashir, Saira,Khan, Ayyaz Ali,Suleman, Bilquis A.,Chaudhry, Saima Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.3
P63 is a gene product required in cell cycle regulation which plays vital roles in tumor differentiation. Aims of the present study were to assess the frequency, pattern, sensitivity and specificity of two p63 protein clones P63 4A4 and P63 4A4+Y4A3 in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Thirty cases of head and neck region SCC diagnosed on the basis of H&E staining were examined along with 60 cases of head and neck region biopsies other than squamous cell carcinoma, negative on H&E staining, were taken as control. Immunostaining was performed on slides according to the Thermo Scientific UltraVision LP detection System. P63 4A4+Y4A3 clone is more sensitive 96.6% in comparison to 86% in P63 4A4 with having greater NPV of 98.3%. The results signify the importance of P63 4A4+Y4A3 marker over the old markers and may be used as a confirmatory marker of squamous cell carcinoma.
An Improved Single-Phase Direct PWM Inverting Buck–Boost AC–AC Converter
Khan, Ashraf Ali,Cha, Honnyong,Ahmed, Hafiz Furqan Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2016 IEEE transactions on industrial electronics Vol.63 No.9
<P>A single-phase inverting buck-boost ac-ac converter is proposed in this paper. The proposed converter has no shoot-through and dead-time problems and, like conventional dc-dc converters, it can be operated with simple pulse width modulation (PWM) control. It offers high frequency and high efficiency operation because high speed mosfet can be used as switching device without the reverse recovery issues and losses of its body diode. The proposed converter features quasi-continuous input and output currents, high input power factor, low total harmonic distortion of input and output currents, and high efficiency. A 460 W laboratory prototype was constructed and tested with interleaved and complementary PWM controls using a resistive and inductive load. Detailed experimental results are provided to show the novelty of the proposed converter. Experimental results confirmed that the proposed converter can obtain 93.8% efficiency at 60 kHz switching frequency.</P>
Khan, Moonis-Ali,Lee, Sang-Hoon,Kumar, Rajeev,Jeon, Byong-Hun 한국암반공학회 2010 Geosystem engineering Vol.13 No.1
In order to investigate the adsorption of dichloromethane (DCM) and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) form aqueous solution onto granular activated carbons (GACs), kinetics, thermodynamics, and competitive ions studies were carried out. The optimal pH range for the adsorption of DCM and MTBE on GACs was 5.0 to 8.0. Contact time studies showed comparatively lower equilibration time for the adsorption of DCM on GACs. Isotherm studies favored the applicability of Freundlich model. Kinetics studies at different concentrations showed that the adsorption of DCM and MTBE on GACs follow the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Weber and Morris model showed that the adsorption of MTBE at different concentration on coconut granular activated carbon (CGAC) has intra-particle diffusion as the rate controlling step. The thermodynamics parameters for the adsorption of DCM onto CGAC showed the exothermic nature of the adsorption process. The adsorption of DCM and MTBE on CGAC and wood granular activated carbon (WGAC) was physical adsorption in nature. Competitive ions studies revealed significant potential of CGAC for the removal of DCM even at higher concentrations.
Cascaded Dual-Buck AC–AC Converter With Reduced Number of Inductors
Khan, Ashraf Ali,Cha, Honnyong,Baek, Ju-Won,Kim, Juyong,Cho, Jintae Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2017 IEEE transactions on power electronics Vol. No.
<P>This paper proposes a new type of cascaded ac-ac converter with phase-shift control and reduced number of inductors. It can attain high voltage levels by using standard low-voltage rating semiconductor devices. The proposed converter is resistant to current shoot-through and does not require pulse-width modulation (PWM) dead-time; these lead to greatly enhanced system reliability and effective utilization ofPWMvoltages. Moreover, it does not require current/voltage polarity sensors, lossy snubbers, or dedicated PWM strategies for commutation. These features make it possible to design the converter with reduced control complexity, and obtain output voltage with less distortion. The cascaded units in the proposed converter share the inductors; therefore, number of inductors, inductors footprints, and magnetic volume can be reduced. The phase-shift PWM control is also presented. It increases the effective frequency of the converter by the number of cascaded units, which decreases the size of the passive components and/or the current and voltage ripples. In order to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed converter, detailed comparative simulations and experimental results of the proposed 2-unit, 3-unit, and 4-unit cascaded converters are provided.</P>
Khan, Ashraful Islam,Ali, Mohammad,Chowdhury, Fahima,Saha, Amit,Khan, Iqbal Ansary,Khan, Arifuzzaman,Akter, Afroza,Asaduzzaman, Muhammad,Islam, Md. Taufiqul,Kabir, Alamgir,You, Young Ae,Saha, Nirod Ch Elsevier Science 2017 Vaccine Vol.35 No.11
<▼1><P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>•<P>Few women received the OCV unknowingly while pregnant during a large vaccine trial.</P>•<P>There is limited data on the safety of OCVs in pregnancy.</P>•<P>We evaluated the effect of a killed OCV, Shanchol™, on pregnancy outcomes.</P>•<P>Study showed no evidence of exposure to Shanchol™ on adverse pregnancy outcomes.</P></P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Background</B></P><P>Pregnant women are vulnerable to complications of cholera. Killed oral cholera vaccines (OCV) are not recommended for pregnant women though there is no evidence of harmful effects during pregnancy. We evaluated the effect of a killed OCV, Shanchol™, on pregnancy outcomes during an effectiveness trial of the vaccine in urban Bangladesh.</P><P><B>Methodology</B></P><P>Individuals ⩾1 year were invited to participate in the trial, conducted in 2011 in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Pregnancy by history was an exclusion criterion and all women of reproductive age (15–49 years) were verbally questioned about pregnancy at enrollment and prior to vaccination. Out of 48,414 women of reproductive age 286 women received the OCV unknowingly while pregnant. Out of these, we could recruit 69 women defined as exposed to OCV. Accordingly, we selected 69 pregnant women randomly from those who did not take the OCV (non-exposed to OCV). We evaluated adverse pregnancy outcome (spontaneous miscarriages, still births, or congenital malformations) between those who were exposed to OCV and those who were not exposed to OCV.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>About 16% of pregnant women exposed to OCV had pregnancy loss, as compared to 12% of unvaccinated pregnant women (P = 0.38). One congenital anomaly was observed and occurred in women non-exposed to OCV group. Models that adjusted for baseline characteristics that were unbalanced between the exposed and non-exposed groups, revealed a no elevation of risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in vaccinees versus non-vaccinees (Adj. OR (95% CI): 0.45 (0.11–1.88).</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>No excess of adverse fetal outcomes associated with receipt of OCV was observed in this study.</P><P>Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov number NCT01339845.</P></▼2>
Khan Hafiz Azhar Ali 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.1
Essential oils from plants may provide environment-friendly alternatives to conventional synthetic insecticides. Here, toxic, repellent, and oviposition deterrent effects of essential oils of six plants: Allium sativum L. (Alliaceae), Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae), Cinnamomum cassia (L.) (Lauraceae), Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. (Myrtaceae), Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae), and Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) (Apocynaceae), were evaluated against different life stages of Musca domestica. Bioassays revealed that the essential oils of A. indica, T. peruviana and E. camaldulensis exhibited: a) the highest toxicity on larvae (LC 50 = 169.72, 182.23 and 277.01 ppm, respectively), pupae (LC 50 = 150.56, 164.84 and 164.87 ppm, respectively) and adults (LC 50 = 166.69, 139.15 and 302.75 ppm, respectively) of M. domestica; b) the highest repellency (91.44, 72.19 and 72.80%, respectively) and oviposition deterrent (90.36, 88.82 and 89.13%, respectively) effects on adults of M. domestica, as compared to the other essential oils. Moreover, the speed of mortality caused by essential oils of A. indica (LT 50 = 16.85 and 17.06 h for larvae and adults, respectively) and T. peruviana (LT 50 = 16.46 and 18.58 h for larvae and adults, respectively) was faster than the rest of the essential oils. On the whole, it might be expected that the essential oils of A. indica, T. peruviana and E. camaldulensis could be developed into a new type of environment-friendly insecticides and/or repellents for the management of M. domestica.