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Iijima, A.,Yoshida, K.,Shoji, H.,Lee, J.T. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2007 International journal of automotive technology Vol.8 No.2
Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion systems can be broadly divided for the process applied to 4-stroke and 2-stroke engines. The former process is often referred to as simply HCCI combustion and the latter process as Active Thermo-Atmosphere Combustion (ATAC). The region of stable engine operation tends to differ greatly between the two processes. In this study, it was shown that the HCCI combustion process of a 4-stroke engine, characterized by the occurrence of autoignition under a high compression ratio, a lean mixture and wide open throttle operation, could be simulated by operating a 2-stroke engine at a higher compression ratio. On that basis, a comparison was made of the combustion characteristics of high-compression-ratio HCCI combustion and ATAC, characterized as autoignited combustion in the presence of a large quantity of residual gas at a low compression ratio and part throttle. The results showed that one major difference between these two combustion processes was their different degrees of susceptibility to the occurrence of cool flame reactions. Compared with high-compression-ratio HCCI combustion, the ignition timing of ATAC tended not to change in relation to different fuel octane numbers. Furthermore, when internal EGR was applied to high-compression-ratio HCCI combustion, it resulted in combustion characteristics resembling ATAC. Specifically, as the internal EGR rate was increased, the ignition timing showed less change in relation to changes in the octane number and the region of stable engine operation also approached that of ATAC.
A. IIJIMA,K. YOSHIDA,H. SHOJI,J. T. LEE 한국자동차공학회 2007 International journal of automotive technology Vol.8 No.2
Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion systems can be broadly divided for the process applied to 4-stroke and 2-stroke engines. The former process is often referred to as simply HCCI combustion and the latter process as Active Thermo-Atmosphere Combustion (ATAC). The region of stable engine operation tends to differ greatly between the two processes. In this study, it was shown that the HCCI combustion process of a 4-stroke engine, characterized by the occurrence of autoignition under a high compression ratio, a lean mixture and wide open throttle operation, could be simulated by operating a 2-stroke engine at a higher compression ratio. On that basis, a comparison was made of the combustion characteristics of high-compression-ratio HCCI combustion and ATAC, characterized as autoignited combustion in the presence of a large quantity of residual gas at a low compression ratio and part throttle. The results showed that one major difference between these two combustion processes was their different degrees of susceptibility to the occurrence of cool flame reactions. Compared with high-compression-ratio HCCI combustion, the ignition timing of ATAC tended not to change in relation to different fuel octane numbers. Furthermore, when internal EGR was applied to high-compression-ratio HCCI combustion, it resulted in combustion characteristics resembling ATAC. Specifically, as the internal EGR rate was increased, the ignition timing showed less change in relation to changes in the octane number and the region of stable engine operation also approached that of ATAC.
Sato, Y.,Iijima, T.,Adamczyk, K.,Aihara, H.,Asner, D. M.,Atmacan, H.,Aushev, T.,Ayad, R.,Aziz, T.,Babu, V.,Badhrees, I.,Bakich, A. M.,Bansal, V.,Behera, P.,Bhardwaj, V.,Bhuyan, B.,Biswal, J.,Bonvicini American Physical Society 2016 Physical review. D Vol.94 No.7
<P>We report a measurement of the ratio R(D*) = B((B) over bar (0) -> D*(+)tau(-)(nu) over bar (tau))/B((B) over bar (0) -> D*(+)l(-)(nu) over bar (l))where l denotes an electron or a muon. The results are based on a data sample containing 772 x 10(6) B (B) over bar pairs recorded at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e(-) collider. We select a sample of B-0(B) over bar (0) pairs by reconstructing both B mesons in semileptonic decays to D*(-/+)l(+/-). We measure R(D*) = 0.302 +/- 0.030(stat) +/- 0.011(syst), which is within 1.6 sigma of the Standard Model theoretical expectation, where the standard deviation sigma includes systematic uncertainties. We use this measurement to constrain several scenarios of new physics in a model-independent approach.</P>
Yamada, M.,Oeda, A.,Jung, J.,Iijima, M.,Yoshimoto, N.,Niimi, T.,Jeong, S.Y.,Choi, E.K.,Tanizawa, K.,Kuroda, S. Elsevier Science Publishers 2012 Journal of controlled release Vol.160 No.2
A bio-nanocapsule (BNC) is a hollow nanoparticle consisting of an approximately 100-nm-diameter liposome with about 110 molecules of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen L protein embedded as a transmembrane protein. BNC can encapsulate various drugs and genes and deliver them specifically to human hepatic cells based on the ability of HBV to recognize human hepatocyte, which is integrated in the N-terminal region of L protein. However, it is elusive whether the cellular attachment and entry into hepatic cells of BNC utilize the early infection mechanism of HBV. In this study, we have found that while all human hepatic cells show distinct affinities for BNC compared to non-hepatic cells, primary hepatocytes shows the highest efficiency for cellular binding and incorporation of BNC. Amounts of BNCs bound weakly and strongly to cell membranes and those entered into the cells varied significantly depending on the types of human hepatic cells. The weak and strong binding modes of BNC are likely mediated through binding to two distinct HBV receptors (heparin-mediated low-affinity and unidentified high-affinity receptors), which play major roles in the early infection mechanism of HBV. The rates of cellular uptake of BNC are similar to those reported for HBV. The BNCs incorporated into the cells are swiftly sorted to either early endosomes or macropinosomes and then to late endosomes and/or lysosomes. These findings strongly suggest that BNC is bound to and incorporated into human hepatic cells according to the early infection mechanism of HBV.
Search for doubly charmed baryons and study of charmed strange baryons at Belle
Kato, Y.,Iijima, T.,Adachi, I.,Aihara, H.,Asner, D. M.,Aushev, T.,Bakich, A. M.,Bala, A.,Ban, Y.,Bhardwaj, V.,Bhuyan, B.,Bobrov, A.,Bonvicini, G.,Bozek, A.,Brač,ko, M.,Browder, T. E.,Č,erven American Physical Society 2014 PHYSICAL REVIEW D - Vol.89 No.5
Studies of charmed strange baryons in theΛDfinal state at Belle
Kato, Y.,Iijima, T.,Adachi, I.,Aihara, H.,Asner, D. M.,Aulchenko, V.,Ayad, R.,Badhrees, I.,Bakich, A. M.,Barberio, E.,Behera, P.,Bhardwaj, V.,Bhuyan, B.,Biswal, J.,Bobrov, A.,Bondar, A.,Bonvicini, G. American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review D Vol.94 No.3
<P>We report the discovery of Xi(c)(3055)(0), observed by its decay into the final-state Lambda D-0, and present the first observation and evidence of the decays of Xi(c)(3055)(+) and Xi(c)(3080)(+) into Lambda D+. We also perform a combined analysis of the Lambda D+ with the Sigma K-++(c)- and Sigma(c)*K-++(-) decay modes to measure the ratios of branching fractions, masses and widths with improved accuracy. We measure the ratios of branching fractions B(Xi(c)(3055)(+) -> Lambda D+)/B(Xi(c)(3055)(+) -> Sigma(++)(c) K-) = 5.09 +/- 1.01 +/- 0.76, B(Xi(c)(3080)(+) -> Lambda D+)/B(Xi(c)(3080)(+) -> Sigma K-++(c)-) = 1.29 +/- 0.30 +/- 0.15, and B(Xi(c)(3080)(+) -> Sigma(c)*K-++(-))/B(Xi(c)(3080)(+) -> Sigma K-++(c)-) = 1.07 +/- 0.27 +/- 0.04, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic. The analysis is performed using a 980 fb(-1) data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider.</P>
Hirose, S.,Iijima, T.,Adachi, I.,Adamczyk, K.,Aihara, H.,Al Said, S.,Asner, D. M.,Atmacan, H.,Aushev, T.,Ayad, R.,Aziz, T.,Babu, V.,Badhrees, I.,Bakich, A. M.,Bansal, V.,Berger, M.,Bhardwaj, V.,Bhuyan American Physical Society 2018 Physical Review D Vol.97 No.1
<P>With the full data sample of 772 x 10(6) B (B) over bar pairs recorded by the Belle detector at the KEKB electron-positron collider, the decay (B) over bar -> D+ tau(-)(nu) over bar (tau) is studied with the hadronic tau decays tau(-) -> pi(-)nu(tau) and tau(-) -> rho(-)nu(tau). The tau polarization P-tau(D*) in two-body hadronic tau decays is measured, as well as the ratio of the branching fractions R(D*) = B((B) over bar -> D*tau(-) (nu) over bar (tau))/B((B) over bar -> D*l(-) (nu) over bar (l),where l(-) denotes an electron or a muon. Our results, P-tau (D*) = - 0.38 +/- 0.51(stat)(+0.21)(-0.16) (syst) and R(D*) = 0.270 +/- 0.035(stat)(+0.028)(-0.025)(syst), are consistent with the theoretical predictions of the standard model. The polarization values of P-tau(D*) > +0.5 are excluded at the 90% confidence level.</P>
HCCI COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS DURING OPERATION ON DME AND METHANE FUELS
Y. TSUTSUMI,A. IIJIMA,K. YOSHIDA,H. SHOJI,J. T. LEE 한국자동차공학회 2009 International journal of automotive technology Vol.10 No.6
The Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine has attracted much interest because it can simultaneously achieve high efficiency and low emissions. However, the ignition timing is difficult to control because this engine has no physical ignition mechanism. In addition, combustion proceeds very rapidly because the premixed mixture ignites simultaneously at multiple locations in the cylinder, making it difficult to increase the operating load. In this study, an HCCI engine was operated using blended test fuels comprised of dimethyl ether (DME) and methane, each of which have different ignition characteristics. The effects of mixing ratios and absolute quantities of the two types of fuel on the ignition timing and rapidity of combustion were investigated. Cool flame reaction behavior, which significantly influences the ignition, was also analyzed in detail on the basis of in-cylinder spectroscopic measurements. The experimental results revealed that within the range of the experimental conditions used in this study, the quantity of DME supplied substantially influenced the ignition timing, whereas there was little observed effect from the quantity of methane supplied. Spectroscopic measurements of the behavior of a substance corresponding to HCHO also indicated that the quantity of DME supplied significantly influenced the cool flame behavior. However, the rapidity of combustion could not be controlled even by varying the mixing ratios of DME and methane. It was made clear that changes in the ignition timing substantially influence the rapidity of combustion.
Measurements of the absolute branching fractions of B+→Xcc¯K+ and B+→D¯(*)0π+ at Belle
Kato, Y.,Iijima, T.,Adachi, I.,Aihara, H.,Al Said, S.,Asner, D. M.,Aulchenko, V.,Aushev, T.,Ayad, R.,Babu, V.,Badhrees, I.,Bakich, A. M.,Bansal, V.,Barberio, E.,Behera, P.,Bhardwaj, V.,Bhuyan, B.,Bisw American Physical Society 2018 Physical Review D Vol.97 No.1
<P>We present the measurement of the absolute branching fractions of B+ -> Xc (c) over barK+ and B+ -> (D) over bar ((*)0)pi(+) decays, using a data sample of 772 x 10(6) B (B) over bar pairs collected at the gamma(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. Here, X-c (c) over bar denotes eta(c), J/psi, chi(c0), chi(c1), eta(c) (2S), psi(2S), psi(3770), X(3872), and X(3915). We do not observe significant signals for X(3872) or X(3915) and set the 90% confidence level upper limits at B(B+ -> X(3872)K+) < 2.6 x 10(-4) and B(B+ -> X(3915)K+) < 2.8 x 10(-4). These represent the most stringent upper limit for B(B+ -> X(3872)K+) to date and the first limit for B(B+ -> X(3915)K+). The measured branching fractions for eta(c) and eta(c)(2S) are the most precise to date, B(B+ -> eta K-c(+)) = (12.0 +/- 0.8 +/- 0.7) x 10(-4) and B(B+ -> eta(c)(2S)K+) = (4.8 +/- 1.1 +/- 0.3) x 10(-4), where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.</P>