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Shah, S. A.,Khan, M.,Jo, M. H.,Jo, M. G.,Amin, F. U.,Kim, M. O. John Wiley Sons Ltd 2017 CNS NEUROSCIENCE AND THERAPEUTICS Vol.23 No.1
<P>Aims: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces oxidative stress and neuroinflammation both in vivo and in vitro. Here, we provided the first detailed description of the mechanism of melatonin neuroprotection against LPS-induced oxidative stress, acute neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) region of the postnatal day 7 (PND7) rat brain. Methods: The neuroprotective effects of melatonin against LPS-induced neurotoxicity were analyzed using multiple research techniques, including Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) in PND7 rat brain homogenates and BV2 cell lysates in vitro. We also used EX527 to inhibit silent information regulator transcript-1 (SIRT1). Results: A single intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of LPS to PND7 rats significantly induced glial cell activation, acute neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptotic neurodegeneration in hippocampal DG region after 4 h. However, the coadministration of melatonin significantly inhibited both LPS-induced acute neuroinflammation and apoptotic neurodegeneration and improved synaptic dysfunction in the hippocampal DG region of PND7 rats. Most importantly, melatonin stimulated the SIRT1/Nrf2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2) signaling pathway to reduce LPS-induced ROS generation. The beneficial effects of melatonin were further confirmed in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia cell lines in vitro using EX527 as an inhibitor of SIRT1. LPS-induced oxidative stress, Nrf2 inhibition, and neuroinflammation are SIRT1-dependent in BV2 microglia cell lines. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that melatonin treatment rescued the hippocampal DG region of PND7 rat brains against LPS-induced oxidative stress damage, acute neuroinflammation, and apoptotic neurodegeneration via SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway activation.</P>
Abbas Amin,S. Mazloomzadeh,A. Haniloo,F. Mohammadian,Asghar Fazaeli 대한기생충학열대의학회 2012 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.50 No.4
Toxoplasma gondii is one of the major agents of infectious abortions and due to its worldwide distribution can threat healthy pregnant women who had no previous exposure to this parasite. The present study was designed to investigate the contribution of T. gondii to spontaneous abortions in Zanjan, Northwest of Iran, using ELISA method. Blood Samples were collected from 264 mothers referred to the provincial hospitals of Zanjan due to spontaneous abortion. The sera were isolated and subjected to evaluate the anti-Toxoplasma IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies. The results showed IgG positive (IgG+) in 99 cases (37.5%). A total of 68 women (25.8%) showed seroconversion with IgM or IgA or both IgM and IgA. They included: IgM+ in 21 (8.0%), IgA+ in 23 (8.7%) and both IgM+ and IgA+ in 24 (9.1%) subjects. In 23 cases, positive titers of IgM and IgG were accompanied. In general, the analysis of anti-Toxoplasma antibody patterns, showed that about 17% of the spontaneous abortions were associated with serological patterns of acute infection. According to these findings, a considerable proportion of spontaneous abortions can be attributed to T. gondii in the study area.
PHOTON-ASSISTED TRANSPORT CHARACTERISTICS THROUGH QUANTUM DOT COUPLED TO SUPERCONDUCTING RESERVOIRS
A. H. PHILLIPS,A. S. ATALLAH,A. F. AMIN,M. A. SEMARY 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2006 NANO Vol.1 No.3
The influence of time-varying fields on the transport through a mesoscopic device has been investigated. This mesoscopic device is modeled as a quantum dot coupled to superconducting reservoirs via quantum point contact. The effect of a magnetic field and the Andreev reflection process were taken into account. The conductance was deduced by using Landuaer–Buttiker equation. A numerical calculation has been performed that shows a resonant tunneling behavior. Such investigation is important for fabricating photoelectron mesoscopic devices.
Rania G. Abdel-latif,Rehab A. Rifaai,Entesar F. Amin 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.5
Ischemic stroke is a serious condition associatedwith severe functional disability and high mortality,however; eff ective therapy remains elusive. Empaglifl ozin,a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, has been shownto exert additional non-glycemic benefi ts including antiapoptoticeff ects in diff erent disease settings. Thereby, thisstudy was designed to investigate the ameliorative eff ect ofempaglifl ozin on the neuronal apoptosis exhibited in cerebralischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in a rat model targetingHIF-1α/VEGF signaling which is involved in this insult. Global cerebral I/R injury was induced in male Wistar ratsthrough occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteriesfor 30 min followed by one-hour reperfusion. Empaglifl ozindoses of 1 and 10 mg/kg were administered 1 and 24 h afterreperfusion. In I/R-injured rats, empaglifl ozin treatmentssignifi cantly reduced infarct size and enhanced neurobehavioralfunctions in a dose-dependent manner. The drugalleviated neuronal death and cerebral injury infl icted byglobal ischemia as it suppressed neuronal caspase-3 proteinexpression. In parallel, protein expressions of HIF-1αand its downstream mediator VEGF were upregulated inthe ischemic brain following empaglifl ozin treatment. Theresults indicated that empaglifl ozin attenuates cerebral I/Rinducedneuronal death via the HIF-1α/VEGF cascade.
Nadia Z. Shaban,Mohamed A.R. El-Kersh,Mohamed M. Bader-Eldin,Sosan Amin Kato,Asmaa F. Hamoda 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.3
The effect of pomegranate juice (PJ) on hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation (DNAF), and caspase-3 activity in rats both treated and not treated with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and phenobarbital (PB) was studied. Administration of rats with DEN and PB caused an elevation in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), DNAF, and activities of glutathione reductase (GSR) and caspase-3, while the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, total glutathione peroxidase (t-GPx), and glutathione (GSH) level were decreased in hepatocytes compared to the control. Treatment of rats with PJ pre, during, and post DEN and PB administration improved liver function and decreased the levels of MDA, DNAF, t-GPx, GSR, and caspase-3 activities, but the GSH level did not change compared to the D–P group. This indicates that PJ reduced the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by DEN and PB. Administration of healthy rats with PJ only for a long period induced oxidative stress and apoptosis for hepatocytes.