초 ? 중등 예비교사들의 과학과 협동학습에 대한 인식과 교육요구

주영,강훈식,노태희,Joo, Young,Kang, Hun-Sik,Noh, Tae-Hee 대한화학회 2009 대한화학회지 Vol.53 No.4

이 연구에서는 국내 초?중등 예비교사들을 대상으로 과학과 협동학습에 대한 인식과 교육요구 를 조사했다. 국내 3개 교육대학 과학교육과 4학년 102명과 3개 사범대학 화학교육과 4학년 64명을 대 상으로 설문 조사를 실시했다. 연구 결과, 초-중등 예비교사들은 여러 과목에서 협동학습에 대한 이론 을 배우고 다양한 형태로 실습을 경험하고 있었으며, 그 중에서 협동학습에 대한 수업시연이나 실제 수 업 진행을 가장 어려워하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 이들의 협동학습에 대한 이해는 높은 편이었으며, 과학과 협동학습의 장단점에 대한 인식과 협동학습을 실행하려는 의지, 협동학습 실행에 영향을 미치는 외부요인에 대한 인식도 비교적 긍정적이었다. 초-중등 예비교사들은 예비교사 교육과정에서 과학 과 협동학습과 관련된 보다 다양한 교육의 필요성에 대해 높게 인식하고 있었다. 과학수업에서 협동학습을 실행하려는 의지와 과학과 협동학습 관련 교육요구는 통계적으로 유의미한 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 또한, 이 두 변인은 각각 과학과 협동학습의 장단점에 대한 인식, 과학수업에서 협동학습을 활용 할 때 나타나는 장단점에 대한 교육적 평가, 과학수업에서 협동학습을 실행하는 데 도움이 되는 외부요 인에 대한 교육적 평가와도 통계적으로 유의미한 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 이에 대한 교육적 함의를 논의했다. In this study, we investigated the perceptions and the educational needs of pre-service primary and secondary teachers on cooperative learning in science. The survey was administered to 102 seniors at the department of science education in three universities of education and 64 seniors at the department of chemistry education in three colleges of education. The results revealed that the pre-service primary and secondary teachers learned the theories and experienced the practices on cooperative learning through various methods in the several subjects, and especially had many difficulties in appling cooperative learning to the demonstrations and/or the actual science classes. The degree of their understanding on cooperative learning was comparatively high, and the perceptions on the advantage/disadvantage of cooperative learning in science, the willingness practicing it, and the outside aids influencing on implementing it were relatively positive. They highly perceived on the necessities of diverse educations related on cooperative learning in science in pre-service teacher education processes. The willingness implementing cooperative learning in science class was significantly correlated with the necessities of diverse educations. These were also significantly correlated with the perceptions on the advantage/disadvantage of cooperative learning in science, the educational assessments on the advantage/disadvantage of it, and the educational assessments on the outside aids influencing on implementing it, respectively. Educational implications of these findings are discussed.

적극적인 가온이 척추마취 시 전율에 미치는 영향

주영 ( Young Joo ),김현정 ( Hyun Jung Kim ),김진태 ( Jin Tae Kim ),김희수 ( Hee Soo Kim ),이상철 ( Sang Chul Lee ),김종성 ( Chong Sung Kim ),김성덕 ( Seong Deok Kim ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.2

Background: Hypothermia is considered one of the reasons for intraoperative shivering. The purpose of this study is to assess whether active warming can prevent hypothermia and shivering in young adults under spinal anesthesia. Methods: Fifty male patients scheduled for an elective operation on lower extremity under spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned into the warming group (n=25) and the control group (n=25). The active warming was performed using a forced air-warming device, a warmed blanket and warmed fluid. Axillary and tympanic temperatures, shivering degree, thermal discomfort, and anesthetic level were checked every 10 minutes after intrathecal injection of local anesthetics. Results: Patients` characteristics and anesthetic levels were comparable between the groups. Axillary and tympanic temperatures were maintained higher in the warming group than the control group 10 minutes and 20 minutes after intrathecal injection respectively. The lowest temperature in operating room was higher in the warming group (36.3±0.5℃) compared with the control group (35.7±0.5℃) (P<0.05). Incidences of intraoperative shivering and thermal discomfort were lower in the warming group. Conclusions: We conclude that intraoperative active warming can prevent hypothermia and shivering during spinal anesthesia. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;57:176∼80)

환경과학자 그리기를 이용한 환경과학자와 환경과학자가 하는 일에 대한 고등학생들의 인식 조사

주영 ( Young Joo ),김경순 ( Kyung Sun Kim ),노태희 ( Tae Hee Noh ) 한국과학교육학회 2008 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.28 No.5

중학생의 집단주의 성향에 따른 과학 협동학습에서 언어적 상호작용 양상의 비교

주영 ( Young Joo ),김경순 ( Kyung Sun Kim ),노태희 ( Tae Hee Noh ) 한국과학교육학회 2014 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.34 No.3

이 연구에서는 중학교 1학년 32명을 대상으로 과학 협동학습 과정에서 학생들 사이의 언어적 상호작용을 개별 진술, 상호작용 단위 및 갈등행동 단위 수준에서 분석하고, 집단주의 성향에 따른 이질 집단과 동질 집단에서의 언어적 상호작용을 비교하였다. 또한, 학업 성취도 및 학업 성취도의 향상과 언어적 상호작용 사이의 관계를 조사하였다. 개별 진술 수준의 분석 결과, 과제 관련 진술의 하위 영역의 분포는 이질 집단과 동질 집단에서 비슷한 것으로 나타났고, 두 집단 모두 설명하기의 빈도가 가장 높았다. 상호작용 단위의 유발 빈도는 이질 집단보다 동질 집단에서 높게 나타났고, 대칭적 상호작용의 유발 빈도가 가장 높았다. 이질 집단에서 HC 학생의 개별 진술의 빈도 및 상호작용 단위의 유발 빈도가 LC 학생보다 높게 나타났다. 갈등행동 단위의 유발 빈도는 전체적으로 낮은 편이었으나 집단별로 비율이 비슷했다. 특히, LC 동질 집단에서는 회피와 경쟁, HC 동질 집단에서는 협력의 유발 빈도가 높았다. 또한, 상호작용 단위 및 갈등행동 단위 수준에서 이질 집단과 동질 집단 간의 질적인 차이가 있었다. 학업 성취도 및 학업 성취도의 향상은 과제관련 진술의 합계와 유의미한 상관을 나타냈다. In this study, we analyzed verbal interactions among 32 students in 7th graders` science cooperative learning at the levels of turns, interaction units, and conflict behavior units, and compared their verbal interaction patterns between the heterogeneous and homogeneous groups by students` collectivism. The relationships of verbal interactions with the achievement test scores and the increase of the achievement test scores were also investigated. In the analyses of turns, the distributions of the subcategories of the statements related to the task were found to be similar in both groups, and the frequency of ‘explain’ was highest. The frequencies of interaction units were higher in the homogeneous groups than the heterogeneous groups, and the frequency of ‘symmetric interaction’ was highest. In the heterogeneous groups, the frequencies of turns and interaction units for the students of high collectivism were higher than those of low collectivism. The frequencies of conflict behavior units were generally low, but the rates were similar in both groups. In the case of the homogeneous groups, the frequencies of ‘avoiding’ and ‘competing’ for the students of low collectivism were high, and the frequency of ‘cooperating’ for the students of high collectivism was high. In addition, the qualitative differences between the two groups were found in the interaction units and conflict behavior units. The achievement test scores and the increase of the achievement test scores were positively related with the sum of the frequencies of the statements related to the task.

과학 협동학습에서 중학생들의 집단주의 성향에 따른 집단구성의 효과 및 학생들의 인식

주영 ( Young Joo ),김경순 ( Kyung Sun Kim ),노태희 ( Tae Hee Noh ) 한국과학교육학회 2012 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.32 No.10

이 연구에서는 중학교 과학 수업에 협동학습 전략 을 적용하여 학생들의 집단주의 성향을 고려한 소집 단 구성이 학업 성취도, 과학 학습 동기, 과학 수업 환 경에 대한 인식에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 또한, 협동학습에 대한 인식도 설문과 면담을 통하여 조사 하였다. 188명의 학생들을 통제 집단과 이질 및 동질 집단으로 무선 배치하고, 12차시 동안 수업을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 학업 성취도, 과학 학습 동기, 관련 성에서 수업 처치와 집단주의 성향 수준 사이의 상호 작용 효과가 나타났으며, 자신감, 과학 수업 환경에 대한 인식, 친화성, 규칙의 명확성 영역에서 수업 처치의 주효과가 나타났다. 집단주의 성향 하위 학생들 의 학업 성취도는 이질 집단에서보다 동질 집단에서 더 높았다. 집단주의 성향 상위 학생들은 이질 및 동 질 집단에서 과학 학습 동기와 관련성이 높게 나타났 다. 또한, 동질 집단과 이질 집단의 자신감과 친화성 검사 점수가 통제 집단에 비하여 유의미하게 높았다. 동질 집단의 과학 수업 환경에 대한 인식과 규칙의 명 확성 검사 점수가 통제 집단에 비하여 유의미하게 높았다. 집단주의 성향 수준에 따라 학생들이 가진 협동 학습에 대한 인식의 차이가 있었다. In this study, the effects of grouping by students` collectivism in cooperative learning strategy applied to middle school science classes on their academic achievement, science learning motivation, and perceptions of science learning environment were investigated. Students` perceptions of cooperative learning were also studied through survey and interview. The students were assigned to the control, heterogeneous, and homogeneous groups, and taught for 12 class hours. The analyses of results revealed that interactive effects between the instruction and the level of collectivism were found in the test scores of achievement, science learning motivation, and relevance, and that there were main effects in the test scores of confidence, perceptions of science learning environment, affiliation, and rule clarity. The achievement test scores of the students with low collectivism in the homogeneous group were significantly higher than those in the heterogeneous group. The test scores on science learning motivation and relevance of the students with high collectivism in the homogeneous and heterogeneous groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. In addition, the test scores of confidence and affiliation in the treatment groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. The test scores on perceptions of science learning environment and rule clarity in the homogeneous groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. There were also differences in the perceptions of science cooperative learning by students` collectivism.

일회용 주사기를 이용한 기관내튜브의 새로운 기낭 팽창법의 유용성

허진 ( Jin Huh ),윤태균 ( Tae Gyoon Yoon ),권원경 ( Won Kyoung Kwon ),주영 ( Young Joo ),김덕경 ( Duk Kyung Kim ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.56 No.5

Background: Risk for injuries resulting from overinflated or underinflated endotracheal tube cuff warrants adequate cuff inflation technique. Thus, this study was designed to measure the actual intracuff pressures obtained by new estimation techniques. Methods: 95 adult surgical patients requiring tracheal intubation were randomized to two groups with respect to the endotracheal tube model: Portex(R) (n=55) and Euromedical(R) (n=40). After induction of anesthesia, the cuff was inflated using new estimation techniques with two different syringes: PR10 or PR20 (passive release technique using a 10-ml or 20-ml syringe, respectively). Subsequently, an aneroid manometer was used to measure the actual intracuff pressures. These inflation techniques were repeated two times. A direct cuff measurement range of 25 to 40 cmH2O was used as a reference for optimal intracuff pressure. Size 7.0 mm internal diameter (ID) tubes were used for women and size 7.5 mm ID for men. Results: 88 eligible patients were studied: Portex group (n=50) and Euromedical group (n=38). With respect to the rate of optimal cuff inflation, PR10 was significantly higher than PR20 in both groups (56% vs. 10% in Portex group; 63.2% vs. 0% in Euromedical group, respectively) (P<0.05). Conclusions: When direct intracuff measurement is not available, a new method, named "passive release technique" using a 10-ml syringe, is a useful alternative cuff inflation method. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;56:513~8)

복부 가스괴저 환자의 마취 유도 과정에서 발생한 심정지 -증례보고

김덕경 ( Duk Kyung Kim ),김성협 ( Seong Hyop Kim ),윤태균 ( Tae Gyoon Yoon ),장성환 ( Sung Whwan Jang ),이준희 ( Jun Hee Yi ),주영 ( Young Joo ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.1

We report here on a fatal case of abdominal gas gangrene. Two days after gastrectomy, a 56-year-old man presented with intractable abdominal pain and fever of a sudden onset, which quickly progressed over several hours to septic shock. Despite of the unexplained gas collections in the abdominal muscle, fascia, and subcutaneous layers on computed tomography scan, its clinical significance was overlooked. Emergency laparotomy was initially scheduled because of concern that there may have been a perforated viscus. At the time of monitoring for the anesthesia, we noticed marbled skin discoloration and the subcutaneous emphysema had spread on his flank. Shortly after the initial suspicion of gas gangrene, cardiac arrest developed during the arterial line cannulation. Despite prompt resuscitation measures, including the administration of catecholamines and the application of extracoporeal membrane oxygenation, he eventually died. Anesthesiologists need to understand this fulminant disease because extensive debridement under general anesthesia is essential for the treatment of abdominal gas gangrene. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009; 57: 127~31)