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경제변수가 변액연금보험과 변액유니버셜보험의 해약률에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
권용재 ( Yong Jae Kwon ),윤정선 ( Jeong Sun Yun ),이재민 ( Jai Min Lee ) 보험연구원 2012 보험금융연구 Vol.23 No.4
본 연구는 변액연금보험과 변액유니버셜보험의 해약률이 여러 경제변수들 그리고 해약률 자신의 충격에 어떻게 반응하는지를 공적분과 벡터오차수정모형을 이용하여 분석하였다. 구체적으로 경기선행지수, CD유통수익률, 소비자물가지수, 코스피지수, 그리고 실업률을 경제변수로 정하여 이 변수들과 두 변액보험상품의 해약률이 공적분 관계에 있는지를 검정하였다. 요한센공적분검정을 통하여 이 변수들이 공적분되어 있음을 발견하였다. 다음으로 공적분벡터와 벡터오차수정모형을 추정한 후 충격반응곡선을 계산하였다. 분석 결과 두 변액보험은 공통적으로 소비자물가지수와 경기선행지수에 대한 충격에는 해약률이 하락하는 반면 실업률에 대한 충격에는 해약률이 상승하였다. 그러나 CD유통수익률에 대한 충격에는 변액연금보험만이, 그리고 종합주가지수에 대한 충격에는 변액유니버셜보험 해약률만이 장기적으로 반응하였다. 이는 변액연금보험과 달리 대부분의 변액유니버셜보험에는 생존급부보증이 내재되어 있지 않아 주식형 또는 혼합형 펀드에 투자하는데 있어 제약이 적기 때문으로 판단된다. Using cointegration technique and vector error correction model, we analyze how lapses of variable annuity(VA) and variable universal life insurance(VULI) respond to shocks to economic variables as well as each of themselves. Business leading indicator, CD rate, consumer price index(CPI), and unemployment rate are chosen as economic variables. We find that variable annuity and variable universal life insurance both showed negative responses to a shock from business leading indicator and CPI while they showed positive responses to a shock from themselves and unemployment rate. Variable annuity shows positive response to a shock from CD rate while variable universal life insurance does not. Variable universal life insurance show positive response to a shock from KOSPI while variable annuity does not. This is because lower levels of restrictions on fund selection are given to VULI when policyholders invest in equity funds or mixed funds.
마찰교반점접합한 5454-O 알루미늄합금 판재의 접합부 거시조직 및 기계적 특성에 미치는 접합인자의 영향
최원호,권용재,윤성욱,강명수,임창용,서종덕,홍성태,박동환,이광학,Choi, Won-Ho,Kwon, Yong-Jai,Yoon, Sung-Ook,Kang, Myoung-Soo,Lim, Chang-Yong,Seo, Jong-Dock,Hong, Sung-Tae,Park, Dong-Hwan,Lee, Kwang-Hak 대한용접접합학회 2011 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.29 No.6
Friction stir spot welding between 5454 aluminum alloy sheets with the different thicknesses of 1.4 and 1.0 mm was performed. In the welding process, the tool for welding was rotated ranging from 500 to 2500, and plunged to the depth of 1.8 mm under a constant tool plunge speed of 100 mm/min. And then, the rotating tool was maintained at the plunge depth during the dwell time ranging from 0 to 7 sec. The pull-out speed of the rotating tool was 100 mm/min. The increase of tool rotation speed resulted in the change of the macrostructure of friction-stir-spot-welded zone, especially the geometry of welding interface. The results of the tensile shear test showed that the total displacement and toughness of the welds were increased with the increase of the tool rotation speed, although the maximum tensile shear load was decreased. However, the change in the dwell time at the plunge depth of the tool did not produce the remarkable variation in the macrostructure and mechanical properties of the welds. In all cases, the average hardness in friction-stir-spot-welded zone was higher than that of the base metal zone. By the friction stir spot welding technique, the welds with the excellent mechanical properties than the mechanically-clinched joints could be obtained.
베이나이트계 후판의 HAZ 미세조직과 저온 충격 인성의 상관관계
이훈(Hun Lee),조성규(Sung Kyu Cho),최우혁(Woo Hyuk Choi),김양곤(Yang Gon Kim),권용재(Yong Jai Kwon),이정구(Jung Gu Lee),신상용(Sang Yong Shin),최동기(Dong Ki Choi) 대한용접·접합학회 2021 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.39 No.3
In this study, the correlation between HAZ microstructure and low temperature impact toughness of bainitic steel plates was investigated. The Steel with high carbon content and finish cooling temperature has a higher volume fraction and large packet size of granular bainite compared to the steel with low carbon content and finish cooling temperature. The room temperature tensile properties of the two steels are similar, mostly because the microstructure is composed of acicular ferrite having fine grains. On the other hand, the low temperature Charpy absorbed energy of two steels showed a big difference. As the test temperature decreased, the Charpy absorbed energy of the steel with high carbon content and finish cooling temperature decreased more rapidly than the steel with low carbon content and finish cooling temperature. This is due to the high volume fraction of granular bainite and large packet size of granular bainite in the steel with high content and finish cooling temperature. HAZ specimens have a very complex microstructure with a mixture of acicular ferrite, granular bainite, and bainitic ferrite through the rapid cooling process. In the HAZ specimen with high carbon content, more volume fraction of granular bainite + bainitic ferrite was formed, and the packet size of granular bainite + bainitic ferrite was also coarse. Because of this result, the HAZ specimen with high carbon content has low Charpy absorbed energy compared to the HAZ specimen with low carbon content.