형용사 굴절형의 통시적 고찰

심순식 영미어문학회 1990 영미어문학연구 Vol.6 No.-

"Tess of the D'urbervilles"와 "The Return of the Native" 作品上에 나타난 女人像에 關하여

沈舜植 진주산업대학교 1970 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

If we read through Thomas Hardy's works, we probably think that Hardy describes women more beautifully than any other English and American writer, and that no one is superior to him in the methods of pathos. In this thesis I intend to study the career and thought of Hardy who describes women so beautiful, but like falling stars vanished vainly, and then study on the images of women in the works "Tess of the D'urbervilles" and "The Return of the Native."

Daffodils 詩에 나타난 Loneliness와 Solitude에 關한 硏究

沈舜植,金東龍 진주산업대학교 1968 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

The purpose of this study is to research the meanings of “lonely”and “the bliss of solitude”in Wordsworth's “The Daffodils.” The results of this study are as follows: 1.“Lonely”has two meanings of imagination and solitude. 2.The influence of Nature to Wordsworth 3.The two problems of “inward eye”and “the bliss of solitudes.”

連結語 'THAT'에 關한 硏究

沈舜植 진주산업대학교 1970 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

The connective that is a mere linking word having no lexical meaning and is in quite common use. To argue the functions of this word in present-day English is the object of these papers. The connective that has the two functions, the subordinating and the clause-indicating, and sometimes the unit-forming function in addition. These are all the functions that the connective that possesses and, when it is used in a setence, it combines sometimes two of them, sometimes all of them. If we classify the uses of the connective that, we find that we have two main classes: one in which that forms a unit, and one in which it does not. These in their turn may be subdivided, according to which of the other two functions is more prominent. The connective that is characterized by these functions with the fact that it does not signal notion, and we can see in some of its charateristics the difference between it and other connectives. It is distinguished from most of the rest by the absence of the notion-signalling function, while and, which does not work as a notional signal either, is seperated into a different group from that by the way of linking and the absence of the clause-indicating function: and is a coordinate link and does-not indicate that there follows a clause as it does not always introduce a clause. From the wh-relatives it is distinguished by its possessing the clause-indicating function and not possessing the referring function: the wh-relatives have the referring function and sometimes stand at the head of a phrase. If, when, etc. are different from that in that the former sometimes introduce a non-clause. For and that, though both are clause-indicating connectives, fall under a separate group, because the former is a coordinate link. In short, that possesses a character unique among the English connectives.

英語의 音調에 關한 小考

沈舜植 진주교육대학교 1975 論文集 Vol.11 No.1

Intonation may be defined as a contour of melodic consisting of different pitches and a terminal inflection. In order to understand we must identify the different pitches we use. We can divide the pitch levels into four types: Extra-high (4), High(3), Normal(2), and Low(1). In a sentence a change of stress normally affects the pattern of pitches used. Stress and pitches are interdependent in English. Accordingly, sentence-stress ia closely related to intonation which can not be disassociated from the meaningful content of speech. High pitch level(3) normally coincides with last sentence-stress, and is usually the strongest stress in a sentence. When we want to emphasize any word in a sentence, we speak with high pitch(3). But intonation is so variable, being influenced by many factors. A speaker's mood may affect certain parts of the melodic contours he normally uses, and also the situation in which the speakers affects the melodic line. The study of intonation is so important and complicated that I tried to help my students to understand English intonation by illustrating many examples.

영어 제한적 관계 구문에 대한 명사구 인상 분석

심순식 현대영미어문학회 2000 현대영미어문학 Vol.18 No.1

Within the framework of generative grammar, two analysis have been generally adopted with respect to restrictive relative constructions. One is a standard type analysis, in which the relative head(antecedent) is base-generated in the superficial position and the relative clause is related to the relative head by predication rule at LF'. The other is a non-standard type analysis, in which the relative head is promoted from relativezed position inside the relative clause into the superficial position. In this paper we argue that the non-standard type analysis is more adequate than the standard type analysis. For this, firstly we point out that the standard type analysis can not account for the fact that the wh-interrogation and the relativization do not show the same behaviour in several aspects: weak crossover effect, that-trace effect, appearance fo the resumptive pronoun, IP dllipsis(sluicing), multiple wh-question, inversion between subject and auxiliary verb. etc. Secondly, we argue that the non-standard type analysis is empirically more adequate in explaining the preservation of the meaning of idio,s in the restrictive relative constructions. Finally, we show that the non-standard type con also account for some contrasts between wh-interrofation and the relativization, which the stahdard type ahalysis can not account for.

Chomsky(1995)의 자질 이동 가설에 대한 비판적 고찰 : WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NPI LICENSING 부정극성요소 허가를 중심으로

심순식,심상완 한국영어영문학회 경남지부 1995 현대영미어문학 Vol.12 No.-

In this paper, we deal with Chomsky(1995)'s recent proposal on feature movement at LF. Firstly, we try to show that his proposal, in spite of several advantages, does not account for the issues such as binding, scope, and NPI licensing within an island satisfactorily. Secondly given these problems, we argue that the NPI licensing can be accounted for better by assuming that the feature movement at LF like the one at overt syntax, pied-pipes the whole word. For this, we make use of the notion 'Merge' proposed by Chomsky(1994). Our argument implies that Greed (Last Resort), contrary to Chomsky(1995), has a sort of 'global' character a specific instance of movement need not inmmedlately result in the checking of a feature of the moved item.

영어의 주어 관계화에 관한 최소주의적 분석

심순식 현대영미어문학회 1999 현대영미어문학 Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to account for English subject relativization in terms of minimalist hypothesis,Proposed by Chomsky(1995),that every movement is triggered by the need of feature checking and hence should in principle be realized in the from of feature movement. Firstly,we briefly introduce Fabb(1990)'s analysis. Secondly,based on the fact that the lexical complementizer 'that' and empty complementizer behave differently with respect to subject extraction out of the embedded clause (cf. Rizzi 1990),we point out that Spec-Head Agreement mechanism within CP cannot be applied uniformly: it can be applied to CP with empty complementizer,but not to CP with lexical complementizer 'that'. Thirdly,snice null operators are free from PF interpretation,combining feature movement hypothesis with the economy condition we porpose that just wh-features (or operatorfeaures)are extracted out of the whole null operator. Given these arguments,we accounts,we account for the grammaticality of the relative clause with lexical complemetizer 'that' like the following: the wh-feature is extracted out of the null operator and adjoins to C; it acquires predication index(j)by index percolation from a maximal projection to its head; consequently the antecedent and the feature share two indices (predication index and referential one(i)). Since both indices are a property of the same projection,the changing of j into i leads to no semantic incompatibilities or indexing paradoxes and then the grammaticality is explained.

韓國語의 鼻音化에 있어서 規則順 매김과 英語誤諺音

金淇燮,沈舜植 慶尙大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.20 No.2

Koreans mispronounce English words by the misapplication of Korean Phonological Rules to English words. Among the mispronunciations of them those by the misapplication of Korean Nasalization Rule is typical. The present study attempts to clarify the rule ordering of Korean Nasalization Rule through analysis and interpretation of the phenomena shown in the mispronunciation of English words. Many Korean Phonologists like Hur, C. W. Kim, Kim Renaud argue that n-lateralization Rule: n→1% 1 is phonitic and natural and obligatory, while/??/to [??] is sometimes made through analogy (which argumentation is slightly dealt by Hur.) In this study the efforts are made to prove that 1→n/n is no less natural than 1→n/??-. The naturalness and plausibility of Nasalization, 1→n/n- in Korean is studied, analyzed and interpreted from the view-point of, 1) Hyman's argumentation of 'ease of articulation': [+lat] after/n/is to be easily assimilated to [n] which had the same distinctive features [+ant], [+cor] that the preceding/n/has, just as after/m/or/??/, 2) Surface Phonetic Constraints by Shibatanni and other phonologists that in word initial or after consonant Sino-Korean/1/is changed to [n]: 1←n/??#-, and, 3) Stampe's argumentation of processes and rules in his Natural Phonology, Accordingly in 1-Nasalization Rule argued by many phonologists is 1→n/n-coucluded to be included, while so far they have only regarded 1→n/??#- as not occurring in case of C being n. Therefore, rule ordering of Korean Nasalization should be made: n-Lateralization 1-Nasalization(where SPC 1→n/n-should be added) Plosivization Stop Nasalization with both examples given in mispronunciations of English words and those in Korean. However, those examples in Korean should be words of free morphemes, but not of bound ones. In the end, comparison of English words with i-Epenthesis in English words makes a serous suggestion that the latter lets Koreans commit fewer errors in pronunciation of English words as shown in 'hopeless' : 3 errors by 3 factors p→m, 1→n, i-Epentiesis in/houpilisi/to [houmnisi] vs. 2 by only one factor i-Epenthesis in/houplis/to [houpillsi].

"My A´ntonia"에 관한 소고 : Willa Oather의 문학세계에 관한 소개 An Introduction to the literary World of Willa Oather

沈舜植 진주산업대학교 1970 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

In this paper I intended to introduce the literary world of wi lla oater through "My 'Antonia". "My 'Antonia" is a kind of prairie novels and Oather deserives the lives of colonists at the vast plain of Nebraska in this novel. Oather followed Sara Jewett's advice of 'writer must find a subject matter among the materials well known to the writer' , and so she wrote her novels according to the principles of 'novel is an art. It is not records, but creative writing, so there must be a choice in writing novels. Oather laid the emphasis more on characterization than plot. It is very interesting to find the various types of characters. She has a knack of portraying character. The characters are well drawn. Oather harmonizes Nature with the characters and the situations, and the movements of human society. She describes the subject very briefly and distinctly, so she is successful in leading the subject to the high stage of art with her special style of writing novels.