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허지영(Ji-Young Hur),신주영(Ju-Young Shin) 대한약학회 2022 약학회지 Vol.66 No.2
Research shows that some severe COVID-19 patients exhibit an excessive inflammatory response with persistent fever; therefore, the drugs that inhibit one or more components of the pro-inflammatory cascade are administered to prevent the worsening of the condition of such patients. According to current updated COVID-19 guidelines, baricitinib and tocilizumab could be administered in COVID-19 patients in certain circumstances. To confirm the safety of these drugs, we analyzed the frequency of the adverse events and detected signals using KIDS-KD. We defined the signals by proportional reporting ratios (PRR), reporting odds ratios (ROR), and information components (IC). “Respiratory system disease” was frequently reported, with both baricitinib (17 cases, 15.0%) and tocilizumab (40 cases, 10.6%). It was also detected as a signal with baricitinib but not with tocilizumab. As the symptoms of COVID-19 are mainly related to the respiratory system, close monitoring is necessary for these patients. In relation to the risk of infection with tocilizumab, leucopenia (18 cases, 4.7%) and granulocytopenia (7 cases, 1.8%) were reported, and leucopenia was detected as a signal. With baricitinib, pyelonephritis was detected as a signal; however, no prior research that supports this finding exists. We expect this study to provide basic data on the safety of administering baricitinib and tocilizumab for COVID-19 patients in certain circumstances.