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차상호,김종욱,이종찬 한국고분자학회 2008 Macromolecular Research Vol.16 No.8
We synthesized gold nanonetwork using the amphiphilic polymer brush, poly(oxyethylene) containing decyltri(oxyethylene)thiomethyl (C10H21(OCH2CH2)3SCH2-) side groups, as a stabilizer and/or a template. When tetrabutylammonium borohydride solution in THF was added to a mixture solution of the polymer and LiAuCl4 in THF, 0-D gold nanomaterials were obtained. However, when an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride was added, gold nanonetworks were synthesized. The composites composed of polymer/0-D gold nanomaterials and polymer/gold nanonetworks showed electrical conductivities of ~10-9 and ~10-3 S/cm, respectively, which indicated that the gold nanonetworks increased the electrical conductivity.
차상호,이상범 한국건축시공학회 2011 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.11 No.3
The construction industry in Korea has seen significant improvements in quality management techniques, driven by the dramatic development of new technology through Manhattanization and enlargements, but compared with technical development, the level of building quality improvement is still lagging behind. In the meantime, as the interest in construction quality soars due to changes in user consciousness, the level of quality that is being demanded is rising. The government has reinforced quality systems by implementing responsible supervision requirements and granting overseas companies permission to enter the supervision business in Korea, and private sector companies also are attempting quality improvement through quality assurance approaches like the preliminary qualification screening system and ISO 9000 series. But currently, building constructions are done only according to the construction specifications of project owners, whose design, materials and construction methods are already decided, and do not leave any necessity or opportunity for technical developments for the quality improvement of contractors. Therefore, in this study, a work process and system improvement plan for payment regulations is proposed, with which contractors can secure quality voluntarily in the building construction phase. 현재 국내 건설 산업은 고층화, 대형화 되어감에 따라 새로운 기술 개발로 비약적인 발전과 함께 품질향상을 위해 품질관리기법 및 품질관리제도 개선을 하고 있지만, 기술개발에 비해 건축물의 품질향상수준은 미흡한 수준이다. 반면에, 사용자의 의식변화로 건설품질에 대한 관심이 증가됨에따라 요구품질수준이 높아지고 있다. 정부에서는 책임감리제도의 시행 및 해외업체의 국내 감리업무진출 허용 등의품질제도를 강화하였고 및 민간부문에서도 사전자격심사제도의 시행 및 ISO 9000시리즈의 품질보증 등을 통한 품질향상을 꾀하고 있지만, 현행 건설공사는 설계, 재료, 공법등이 이미 확정된 발주자의 공사 시방서에 의한 공사를 수행함에 따라 정해진 사항의 이행 여부만을 판단할 뿐 수급자의 품질 개선을 위한 기술 개발의 필요성 및 기회를 제공하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 건설 공사단계에서 수급자가 자발적으로 품질확보를 할 수 있는 지불규정제도의 업무프로세스와 제도개선 방안을 제시하였다.
식염수 및 증류수의 간세포에 미치는 영향에 관한 전자현미경적 연구
차상호 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1971 慶北醫大誌 Vol.12 No.1
In sodium chloride intoxication, many authors have reported that it may cause various degree and combination of regressive changes and hemorrhagic disorders on different organs in the living body, of which the most pronounced alteration may occur in the liver. However, there is no report of electron microscopic study to determine the relationships between the structural changes and functional alterations as yet. Therefore, in an effort of further clarification of the structural changes and these relationships, the author breeded some albino rats with 2% and 4% sodium chloride solution and distilled water as usual drinking water, and then the animals were sacrified on the first, second and fourth weeks respectively, from which the liver were extracted out and studied under both light and electron microscopes; the following results were obtained: 1. The body weight was decreased in both groups fed with sodium chloride solution and distilled water, but in was more prominent in the former group; the more serious weight loss was observed in the group to which more prolonged administration of sodium chloride was given. 2. In the group fed on the distilled water, hydrophic swelling and mild degree of destructive changes in the liver cells were observed light microscopically and in addition, mitotic figures were also noted in many cases. 3. in the group fed on sodium chloride solution, the boundaries among hepatocytes were obscure because of flaky appearence of cytoplasm and various degree of cellular destruction, and the mitotic figures could not be observed light microscopically in any cases. In the group on 2% and 4% sodium chloride solution, the shrin kage and destructive changes of hepatocytes were observed. 4. Mild dilatation of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum in the group fed on distilled water, and prominent swelling, deformation, distortion of cristae and decreased electron opacity of matrix in the mitochondria, increase of lysosomes and smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, and decrease of glycogen particles in the group on 2% and 4% sodium chloride have been noted electron microscopically.In addition, focal cytoplasmic degradation and doughnut-shaped structures were also detected. These changes have a tendency to increase in degree in accordance with the period of administration and concentration of sodium chloride solution. 5. It is suggest that the mitochondrial degeneration and the increase of smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum have a relationship with the imbalance of intracellular electrolytes, and the decrease of glycogen particles with the proliferation of smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. 6. The appearance of focal cytoplasmic degradation and increase of lysosomes, judging from their forms, seem to have relationship with the phenomenon known as autophagocytosis, and this could be interpreted as one way of manifestation of degenerative changes of cells. 7. The author also observed a doughnut-shaped structure, a intracellular abnormal structure which was first reported by Steiner and Phillips. However, based upon the result of this experiment only, it is still obscure whether this has direct relationship with over administration of sodium chloride solution or not.