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CO toxicity characteristics of metal oxide/silicone compound using cone calorimeter
진의,정영진 한국공업화학회 2019 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.0
This study was examined to test the characteristics on generating the toxic gas of building interior materials, especially focusing on CO, which is the leading cause of fire deaths. The quantity of the CO generated was measured by 50 kW external heat flux and was compared to the 50 ppm permissible exposure limit of OSHA. Flame retardants were mixed by using metal oxide and Si compound. The maximum yield of COmean (kg/kg) ranged from 0.051 to 0.054 kg/kg. It decreased by 19% ~ 24% lower than 0.067 kg/kg of uncoated specimen. The CO toxicity of the coated specimens was 69.25 ppm to 102.90 ppm. Metal oxide/Si compound was found to decrease CO concentration which was 7% to 38% smaller than that of uncoated specimen, 110.88 ppm. This was observed to increase by 1.4 ∼2.0 times compared with the permissible exposure limit of OSHA. Metal oxide/Si compound were obtained to decrease CO generation.
진의,정영진 한국화재소방학회 2018 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.32 No.3
붕산과 5붕산암모늄으로 처리한 편백목재 시험편의 연소특성에 관한 실험을 ISO 5660-1 표준에 따른 콘칼로리미터를 이용하여 수행하였다. 그 결과 붕소화합물로 처리한 시험편의 화재성능지수(FPI)는 공시편보다 1.2∼2.1배 증가하였고, 화재성장지수(FGI)는 공시편보다 1.6∼8.4% 증가하였다. 또한 총연기발생률(TSR)은 공시편보다 9.0~28.3.%낮았다. 이것은 붕소화합물로 처리한 시험편이 난연효과로 탄화층을 생성하기 때문으로 이해된다. 공시편은 418 s에서 가장 높은 CO농도인 0.01112%를 보였으나 붕소화합물로 처리한 시험편은 공시편보다 13.2∼37.5% 감소하였다. 따라서 붕소화합물로 처리한 목재는 화재위험성과 위해성이 낮아질 것으로 예상된다. Experiments on the combustion characteristics of untreated wood specimens and also treated ones with boric acid andammonium pentaborate were carried out using a cone calorimeter according to ISO 5660-1 standard. As a result, comparingto untreated specimen, the fire performance index (FPI) of the specimens treated with boron compounds increased by 1.2to 2.1 times and the fire growth index (FGI) increased by 1.6 to 8.4%. Also, total smoke release rate (TSR) was 9.0 to28.3% lower than that of the untreated specimen. It is understood that the test specimens treated with the boron compoundproduces a carbonized layer with a flame retarding effect. The highest CO concentration, 0.01112%, for the untreatedspecimen was observed at 418 s, but the specimens treated with boron compound decreased 13.2 to 37.5% compared tountreated specimen. Therefore, wood treated with boron compounds is expected to have lower fire hazards and risks.
진의,정영진 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.36 No.-
The combustive properties of Pinus rigida specimens treated with the mixed phosphorus (P)–nitrogen(N) additives were tested. Each P. rigida specimen was painted three times with 15 wt% mixed P–Nadditive solutions at room temperature. After drying the specimen treated with chemicals, thecombustive properties were examined using a cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1). The time to ignition (TTI)for the specimens treated with the mixed additives was in the range, 70–109 s. The specimens treatedwith the mixed P–N additives showed a lower peak heat release rate by 3.8–25.5% and lower total heatrelease by 6.1–22.1% than those of the samples treated with the pure P–N additives. The effective heat ofcombustion (EHC) for the sample treated with the mixed P–N additives was 15.68–18.70 MJ/kg, whichwas lower than that of the pure P–N additive plate. Among mixed P–N additives, N,N0-piperazinebis(methylenephosphonic acid) (PIPEABP)/pyrophosphoric acid (PP)/4NH4+ (2:1) had the highest fireperformance index (FPI) and lowest fire growth index (FGI). The fire risk of all the samples treated withthe P–N additives except sample 2 is much smaller than that of untreated sample and it shows improvedfire safety.
진의,정영진 한국공업화학회 2019 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.0
This study was performed to examine the combustion characteristics of cypress specimen for the constructional interiors, especially focusing on smoke hazard characteristics, which is the main cause of death in the fire. Smoke generation properties were measured using a cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1). Flame retardants were mixed by using metal oxide and silicon compound. The total smoke release rates of TiO<sub>2</sub>(R)/Si and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Si compound were 466.77 ㎡/㎡ and 530.07 ㎡/㎡ respectively and increased by 3% and 17% respectively compared with cypress specimen. However, the total smoke release rate of TiO<sub>2</sub>(A)/Si was 452.92 ㎡/㎡, which was 0.1% lower than that of cypress specimen. The flame retardants of TiO<sub>2</sub>(A)/Si have been shown to play a role in reducing smoke production.
Smoke hazard assessment of cypress wood coated with Talc/Silicon sol compounds.
진의,정영진 한국공업화학회 2020 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2020 No.-
This study was investigated to test the combustion properties of wood specimen for the constructional interiors, especially focusing on smoke performance index which is smoke hazard properties. Smoke release properties were measured by using a cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1) and used cypress wood. The external heat flux was maintained at 50 kW/m2. The concentration of Talc was changed to obtain a blending ratio of proper concentration. Total smoke production by concentration was the lowest, with talc 20 being 4.93. Smoke performance index increased by 9.7 ~ 25.8% compared to uncoated specimens, respectively. The smoke growth index decreased by 87 ~ 92%. Smoke intensity decreased by 76 ~ 83%. According to the change of concentration, the smoke hazard properties were reduced in all specimens and the talc mixed with silicon sol improved the fire risk.