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비납계 (Na,K)NbO<sub>3</sub>-M(Cu,Nb)O<sub>3</sub>, (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) 압전 세라믹의 비정상 결정 성장 거동 비교
정승운,임지호,정한보,지성엽,최승곤,정대용,Jung, Seungwoon,Lim, Ji-Ho,Jung, Han-Bo,Ji, Sung-Yub,Choi, Seunggon,Jeong, Dae-Yong 한국재료학회 2020 한국재료학회지 Vol.30 No.7
NKN [(Na,K)NbO<sub>3</sub>] is a candidate lead-free piezoelectric material to replace PZT [Pb(Zr,Ti)O<sub>3</sub>]. A single crystal has excellent piezoelectric-properties and its properties are dependent of the crystal orientation direction. However, it is hard to fabricate a single crystal with stoichiometrically stable composition due to volatilization of sodium during the growth process. To solve this problem, a solid solution composition is designed (Na,K)NbO<sub>3</sub>-Ba(Cu,Nb)O<sub>3</sub> and solid state grain growth is studied for a sizable single crystal. Ceramic powders of (Na,K)NbO<sub>3</sub>-M(Cu,Nb)O<sub>3</sub> (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) are synthesized and grain growth behavior is investigated for different temperatures and times. Average normal grain sizes of individual specimens, which are heat-treated at 1,125 ℃ for 10 h, are 6.9, 2.8, and 1.6 ㎛ for M = Ca, Sr, and Ba, respectively. Depending on M, the distortion of NKN structure can be altered. XRD results show that (NKN-CaCuN: shrunken orthorhombic; NKN-SrCuN: orthorhombic; NKN-BaCuN: cubic). For the sample heat-treated at 1,125 ℃ for 10 h, the maximum grain sizes of individual specimens are measured as 40, 5, and 4,000 ㎛ for M = Ca, Sr, and Ba, respectively. This abnormal grain size is related to the partial melting temperature (NKN-CaCuN: 960 ℃; NKN-SrCuN: 971 ℃; NKN-BaCuN: 945 ℃).
과 액상 형성에 의한 비납계 압전 (Na,K)NbO<sub>3</sub>-Ba(Cu,Nb)O<sub>3</sub> 결정립의 비정상 성장 거동 및 전기적 특성
임지호,이주승,이승희,정한보,박춘길,안철우,유일열,조경훈,정대용,Lim, Ji-Ho,Lee, Ju-Seung,Lee, SeungHee,Jung, Han-Bo,Park, Chun-kil,Ahn, Cheol-Woo,Yoo, Il-Ryeol,Cho, Kyung-Hoon,Jeong, Dae-Yong 한국재료학회 2019 한국재료학회지 Vol.29 No.4
$Pb(Zr,Ti)O_3$ (PZT) is used for the various piezoelectric devices owing to its high piezoelectric properties. However, lead (Pb), which is contained in PZT, causes various environment contaminations. $(K,Na)NbO_3$ (NKN) is the most well-known candidate for a lead-free composition to replace PZT. A single crystal has excellent piezoelectric-properties and its properties can be changed by changing the orientation direction. It is hard to fabricate a NKN single crystal due to the sodium and potassium. Thus, $(Na,K)NbO_3-Ba(Cu,Nb)O_3$ (NKN-BCuN) is chosen to fabricate the single crystal with relative ease. NKN-BCuN pellets consist of two parts, yellow single crystals and gray poly-crystals that contain copper. The area that has a large amount of copper particles may melt at low temperature but not the other areas. The liquid phase may be responsible for the abnormal grain growth in NKN-BCuN ceramics. The dielectric constant and tan ${\delta}$ are measured to be 684 and 0.036 at 1 kHz in NKN-BCuN, respectively. The coercive field and remnant polarization are 14 kV/cm and $20{\mu}C/cm^2$.
상온분사분말공정에 의해 SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (100), (110) Seed에 코팅된 BaTiO<sub>3</sub>의 고온 성장 거동 분석
임지호,이승희,김기현,지성엽,정승운,박춘길,정한보,정대용,Lim, Ji-Ho,Lee, Seung Hee,Kim, Ki Hyun,Ji, Sung-Yub,Jung, Suengwoon,Park, Chun-kil,Jung, Han-Bo,Jeong, Dae-Yong 한국재료학회 2019 한국재료학회지 Vol.29 No.11
Single crystals, which have complexed composition, are fabricated by solid state grain growth. However, it is hard to achieve stable properties in a single crystal due to trapped pores. Aerosol deposition (AD) is suitable for fabrication of single crystals with stable properties because this process can make a high density coating layer. Because of their unique features (nano sized grains, stress inner site), it is hard to fabricate single crystals, and so studies of grain growth behavior of AD film are essential. In this study, a $BaTiO_3$ coating layer with ${\sim}9{\mu}m$ thickness is fabricated using an aerosol deposition method on (100) and (110) cut $SrTiO_3$ single crystal substrates, which are adopted as seeds for grain growth. Each specimen is heat-treated at various conditions (900, 1,100, and $1,300^{\circ}C$ for 5 h). $BaTiO_3$ layer shows different growth behavior and X-ray diffraction depending on cutting direction of $SrTiO_3$ seed. Rectangular pillars at $SrTiO_3$ (100) and laminating thin plates at $SrTiO_3$ (110), respectively, are observed.