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Estradiol 검사 시 방사성 추적자의 희석시간에 대한 고찰
이혜연,서한경,장이선,김희정,Lee, Hae Yeon,Seo, Han Kyung,Jang, Yi Sun,Kim, Hee Jeoung 대한핵의학기술학회 2017 핵의학 기술 Vol.21 No.2
목적: Estradiol ($E_2$)은 주로 여성에서 생성되는 스테로이드성 호르몬으로서 부인과 질환, 월경주기, 폐경, 소아의 성조숙 증 등의 진단에 유용한 지표이다. $E_2$ 농도 측정은 $^{125}I$이 표지된 $E^2$ 항원을 키트 내 설명서에 따라 검사 전 $^{125}I$ 추적자 원액과 추적자 완충액을 희석하여 사용한다. 그러나 희석시간에 대해 정확히 명시되지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 희석시간에 따른 농도 변화를 바탕으로 적절한 희석시간을 알아보고자 하였다. 실험재료 및 방법: 2016년 12월부터 2017년 2월까지 본원에 의뢰된 $E^2$ 검체 중 8~4577 pg/mL의 농도를 가진 서로 다른 60개의 검체를 저, 중, 고농도로 나누었다. $^{125}I$ 추적자의 희석은 약 230 RPM 교반기에서 각각 30분, 1시간 30분, 2시간 30분 동안 실시하였고, 24시간 희석은 가볍게 흔들어 냉장보관 하였다. 측정키트는 RIA ESTRADIOL (Beckman Coulter, Czech Republic)을 사용하였다. 희석시간에 따른 결과 값의 차이 및 유의성 검증을 위하여 SPSS 18.0을 이용해 정규성 검정을 실시하여 Kruskal-Wallis 검정으로 분석하였고 각 시간대 별로 절대오차의 사분위수 범위를 구하여 분석하였다. 결과: 농도에 따라 저, 중, 고농도로 나누어 Kruskal-Wallis 검정으로 분석한 결과 각 농도별로 희석시간에 따른 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 각 시간대 별 절대 오차의 사분위수 범위는 저농도의 30분과 1시간 30분 사이에 0.105, 1시간 30분과 2시간 30분 사이에 0.052 이다. 중농도에서는 30분과 1시간 30분 사이에 0.062, 1시간 30분과 2시간 30분 사이에 0.038 이다. 고농도에서는 1시간 30분과 2시간 30분 사이에 0.029, 2시간 30분과 24시간 사이에 0.06 이다. 결론: 희석시간을 다르게 하여 측정한 결과 값은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았지만, 희석시간대 별 절대오차의 사분위수 범위를 보아 1시간 30분에서 2시간 30분 희석하여 검사를 시행하는 것이 오차를 줄여 재현성을 높이는 적절한 희석시간이라고 생각된다. Purpose Estradiol (E2) is a steroid hormone mainly produced in women and is a useful indicator for diagnosis of gynecological diseases, menstrual cycle, menopause, and precocious puberty. E2 measurement is performed by diluting the $^{125}I$ radioactive tracer and tracer buffer in the kit. However, It was not precisely specified when the period of tracer is available after activating. The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate dilution time based on the measurement value with dilution time. Materials and Methods From December 2016 to February 2017, 60 E2 samples with concentrations ranging from 8 to 4577 pg/mL were divided into low, medium, and high concentrations. Dilution of the $^{125}I$ tracer was performed on a 230 RPM agitator for 30 minutes, 1 hour 30 minutes, and 2 hours 30 minutes, respectively. 24 hour dilution was gently shaken and refrigerated. To verify the difference and significance of the results according to the dilution time, a test of normality was performed using SPSS 18.0 and analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. The measured value according to the dilution time was compared with the interquartile range of the absolute error. Results The results of Kruskal-Wallis test were not significant (P>0.05). Measurement results are showed as interquartile range of absolute error. At low concentration, it is 0.052 between 1 hour 30 minutes and 2 hours 30 minutes, and 0.105 between 30 minutes and 1 hour 30 minutes. At medium concentration, 0.062 between 30 minutes and 1 hour 30 minutes, and 0.038 between 1 hour 30 minutes and 2 hours 30 minutes. At high concentration, it is 0.029 between 1 hour 30 minutes and 2 hours 30 minutes, and 0.06 between 2 hours 30 minutes and 24 hours. Conclusion There were no statistically significant differences. However, the change in the measured value is the smallest between 1 hour and 30 minutes to 2 hours and 30 minutes. Therefore, we recommend diluting time between 1 hour 30 minutes and 2 hours 30 minutes.
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광량과 온도 변화에 따른 고추 ( Capsicum annuum L. ) 잎 광계 2의 광억제
이혜연(Hae Yeon Lee),남정원(Jeong Won Nam),홍영남(Young Nam Hong) 한국식물학회 1995 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.38 No.4
Photoinhibition of photosystem (PS) Ⅱ was induced in primary leaves of 25 day-old peppers grown 100 μ㏖·m^-2·s^-1, at 25℃. The modulation of PSⅡ functionality in vivo was induced by varying both irradiance (0-3000 μ㏖·m^-2·s^-1) and duration (0-70 min) of light treatment. The functionality of PSⅡ was investigated in terms of photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (Fv/Fm) and quantum yield of O_2 evolution, and expressed as a function of photon exposure [㏖ photons·m^-2, the product of irradiance and duration of light treatment (Bell and Rose, 1981)]. Contrary to the linear decline of Fv/Fm ratio showing 50% decreases by absorption of 10 ㏖ photons·m^-2, quantum yield of O_2 evolution decreased biphasically with increasing photon exposure, showing 50% decreases by absorption of 5.5 ㏖ photons·m^-2. Treatment of low temperature at 15℃ for 30 min alone did not affect the functionality of PSⅡ, but high temperature (45℃) significantly inactivated PSⅡ activity. However, when leaves of pepper were subjected to low or high temperature in the presence of light, PSⅡ was substantially photoinactivated. These results suggest the presence of different photoinhibitory mechanisms at low and high temperature.
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이용교,이혜연 한국청소년복지학회 2001 청소년복지연구 Vol.3 No.2
The purpose of this study was to investigate the present condition of Kongbubang(study center) for the Youth and to develop Kongbubang's model We have surveyed 731 Kongbubangs, including 581 Kongbubangs subsidized by the government and 150 Kongbubangs managed by non-profit organization, form November 10th to 30th in 2000. Kongbubangs are supporting children and youth of low income families. Most of the Kongbubangs contribute study rooms and give guidance for homework. Some of the Kongbubangs counsel middle and high school students. However, most of the Kongbubangs are small and trifling facilities and have poorly paid staffs and ineffective programs. In this paper we have suggested a model for these Kongbubangs for youth: 1) Kongbubangs must be small welfare center for youth. 2) The major functions of Kongbubangs are to contribute study rooms, guidance for homework, and counsel middle and high school students. 3) The government has to subsidize adequate money and establish Kongbubangs, including ones managed by non-profit organizations.
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