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이정상,Lee, Jung-Sang 한국기술사회 2010 技術士 Vol.43 No.2
Immersed tunnel had been a rather new term in Korea before Busan-Geoje fixed link project was started and became known through the media. Although Korean is unfamiliar with the immersed tunnel, this construction method has a long history in the world. Busan-Geoje Fixed Link immersed tunnel consist of 18 elements and each element is approximately 180m long. These tunnel elements are prefabricated of reinforced concrete in a temporary dry dock and are towed to the site and lowered into final position in a dredged trench and are placed on a screeded gravel bed directly without temporary support.
동적 실속을 이용한 Flapping-Airfoil의 추력 발생
이정상(Jung Sang Lee),김종암(Chongam Kim),노오현(Oh-Hyun Rho) 한국전산유체공학회 2002 한국전산유체공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2002 No.-
This paper deals with a thrust generation on flapping-airfoil by dynamic stall. Dynamic stall refers to a series of complicated aerodynamic phenomena accompanied by a stall delay in unsteady motion. In most cases, once it occurs, the dynamic stall may lead to an abrupt fluctuation of aerodynamic forces. An inverse Karman vortex has been considered as a main reason for a thrust generation. In this paper, however, we have found out that a thrust is closely related to reduced frequency and leading edge vortex in addition to inverse Karman vortex. In order to certify our opinion, piching and plunging motions were calculated with the parameter of amplitude and frequency by using the unsteady, incompressible Navier-Stokes flow solver with a two-equation turbulence model. For more efficient computation, it is parallelized by MPI programming method.
이정상(Jung Sang Lee),한진석(Jin Suk Han),안규리(Cu Rie Ahn),김윤구(Yoon Goo Kim),김성권(Suhng Gwon Kim),장기현(Kee Hyun Chang) 대한내과학회 1989 대한내과학회지 Vol.37 No.4
N/A Hemorrhage and infarct-like necrosis in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is one of the characteristic pathologic findings of the autopsied cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome {HFRS), although the presence and severity of the foci of the lesions appear to be related to the stage of disease at the time of death. Theses lesions, seen in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, suggest that patients who have a severe but non-fatal attack of HFRS may have acute pituitary failure, so-called pituitary apoplexy in a broad sense, and subsequent permanent pituiarty hypofunction. However, several cases of hypopituitarism have been reported and most of these cases are known as sequelae of HFRS which were confirmed after recovery of HFRS. To determine the functional and morphologic changes of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland in the patients with severe HFRS and to evaluate the relation between pituitary hypofunction and clinical features of HFRS, measurements of hormonal levels of the target gland and pituitary gland, the combined TRH, LHRH and insulin-induced hypoglycemic stimulation test and analysis of clinical features were performed. Results were as follows: 1) Of 25 patients with HFRS who had the combined pituitary stinulation test, 8 patients showed panhypopituitarism during the late oliguric and diuretic phase. 2) In the 7 of the 8 patients with hypopituitarism, a postcontrast sella CT or sella MRI scan was performed. Postcontrast sella CT scan showed variable findings according to the stage of illness at the time of imaging and also revealed variable findings with time on followup studies: intrasellar low density (2 patients) about 2 weeks after onset of illness, normal (2), low density (1) or pituitary atrophy (2) about 1 month after onset, and atrophy (3) about 3 months after onset of illness. In one patient who took sella CT and MRI scans about 2 weeks and 3 months after the onset of illness, the initial MRI scan showed a high signal intensity at the same area where the postcontrast sella CT scan revealed low density, which meant pituitary hemorrhage. These findings disappeared and partial pituitary atrophy was shown on subsequent MRI and CT scans. 3) Clinical features in 8 patients with HFRS were primary shock (7 patients), secondary shock during the late oliguric phase (2) and diuretic phase (4), major hemorrhage such as melena (8), hematemesis (3), hemoptysis (1) and hematoma (1), and CNS manifestations which were altered consciousness from confusion and drowsiness to coma (8), seizure (3) and facial palsy (1). Of the 8 patients, 3 had hypoglycemic symptoms with sudden altered consciousness and hypotension and responded to intravenous administration of glucose. In conclusion, these finding showed that morphologic and functional abnormalities of the anterior pituitary gland occur during the acute stage of illness. This unrecognized acute hypofunction of the pituitary gland should be considered in patients who have secondary shock or altered consciousness of unidentified causes, especially during the oliguric and diuretic phase. Such recognition may contribute to preserving life in some cases of severe HFRS.