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신은정(Eunjung Shin),안형준(Hyung Jun An),양현채(Hyeon Chae Yang),최병삼(Byong-Sam Choi),양승우(Seung Woo Yang),정원교(WonKyo Jung),김수연(Soo Youn Kim) 과학기술정책연구원 2017 정책연구 Vol.- No.-
Open science refers to a series of efforts to make publicly-funded research outputs (publications and data) available in a digital format so as to help the society appreciate the outputs (OECD, 2015b). Thanks to the development of digital technology, open science becomes mainstream phenomena in science. Several western countries have already developed national-level strategies and policies on open science, whereas there is growing interest in open science in South Korea. In this context, this study aims to develop a policy proposal on open science that is relevant to Korean contexts. First, our research team reviewed related concepts and frameworks and developed an analytical framework. Based on the framework, we conducted an analysis on domestic policy environments. At the same time, we also reviewed open science policies of western countries. The results of both works can be summarized as following: (1) Western countries including the U.S., Japan, and European countries have recently developed open science policies that acknowledge global common principles but still meet the societal needs and demands of own countries. (2) In South Korea, basic socio-technical conditions that allow open science to thrive are present; digital infrastructure are well-established whereas digital technologies are continuously developed. (3) Nevertheless, there exists no comprehensive open science policy that covers issues on open access publishing, open research data, and open research collaboration and communication; at the same time, there exists a gap between the needs and demands of research communities and the domestic services and instruments provided, which urges korean researchers to use emerging frontier services provided by foreign entities. Based on the findings, we propose to develop comprehensive national policy on open science which aims to pursue excellent research, useful and effective research, and reliable and accountable research. In detail, key policy tasks include (1) to revise and renew policies and regulations related to disclosure of public research outputs, (2) to expand open access to scholarly publications and research data produced via institutional repositories and other online platforms, (3) to introduce data management plans and data citation practices to publicly-funded research, and (4) to enhance public-private partnerships and science communication via online and offline platforms, in order to get direct supports for science. Last but not the least, it is necessary to engage diverse stakeholders in policy-making processes and, in particular, facilitate public-private partnership at policy implementation stages.
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임영훈(Younghun Lim),김형주(Hyung Joo Kim),양현채(Hyeon Chae Yang),고병옥(Byeong Ock Go),최지영(Ji Young Choi),장선화(Sun Hwa Jang) 과학기술정책연구원 2017 정책연구 Vol.- No.-
As a result of pursuing regional industrial policies based on balanced and specialized development, there is no contradiction in the positive aspects of the expansion of local industry and innovation bases. But others have questioned the effectiveness and validity of the policies. In the context of the demand for re-establishing regional industrial policies or re-establishing the direction, it is necessary to thoroughly examine and reflect on various points of view in order to prevent distortions in policy evaluation and lead to careful decisions. Therefore, this study analyzes the structure of regional technical knowledges represented by patents in a multifaceted way, especially related to the regional industrial policies. This is intended to escape from the old point of view to evaluate regional industrial policies with quantitative economic indicators such as sales, employment and production. This study utilizes patents as a representative indicator for observing regional industrial technology topography. Based on analyzing the linkage, transformation and network between IPC(International Patent Classification) and KSIC(Korean Standard Industrial Classification), This study examine the relationship between industrial technology topography and strategic industries in case regions. The case regions are Jeollabuk-do and Gangwon-do. The data utilized are registered patents from 2000 to 2016. Chapter 2 examines literature on regional innovation system, regional industrial policy and patent-based regional industrial technology topography. Chapter 3 outlines the process and status of regional industrial policies. Chapter 4 and 5, which correspond to the core analysis part of this study, deal with the analysis of three parts on the changing patterns of industrial technology topography in Jeollabuk-do and Gangwon-do, respectively. More specifically, three parts are as follows. ① The structure and connection characteristics of the regional technical knowledge structure. ② Major trends in regional technical knowledge structure change. ③ the characteristics of industrial linkages and element technology linkages. Chapter 6 diagnose the relevance between regional technical knowledge bases and strategic industries. Finally, chapter 7 suggests comprehensive conclusions and policy implications. This study found that it is reasonable to accept that regional industrial policies in Korea for about 20 years have produced positive effects on regional industrial and innovative capacity establishment. Of course, it can be denied from the old point of view to evaluate regional industrial policies with quantitative economic indicators. But we have to examine the meaning, value and effects of regional industrial policies in various aspects, before evaluating, re-establishing, sustaining or abolishing the policies. In this sense, the study presents a qualitative analysis and policy implications from different angle different from the major economic or quantitative ones. In short, despite the limitation of study that should be improved in the future, this study provides some meaningful results and suggestions for the regional industrial policy. Of course, this study is a pilot one to evaluate, diagnose, discuss the meaning, value, effects of existing regional industrial policy in Korea. The key contribution is the positioning of strategic industries of case regions to a two-dimensional matrix, consisted of an industrial policy aspect axis and a science & technology policy aspect axis. As a result, we suggest that strategic directions of regional industrial policy should be different according to the characteristics of strategic industries, regional industrial bases and technical knowledge ones. To obtain more effective conclusions, subsequent studies are needed.
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