단일 도재 수복물의 가공 정밀도가 변연 및 내면 적합도에 미치는 영향

손큰바다,유범영,이규복 대한치과보철학회 2020 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.58 No.4

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 3 종류의 치과용 도재 블록으로 제작된 단일 수복물의 가공 정밀도와 변연 및 내면 적합도를 평가하고, 상관관계를 분석하는 것이다. 재료 및 방법: 3 종류의 치과용 도재 블록(Rosetta; HASS, IPS e.max CAD; Ivoclar vivadent, VITA Suprinity; VITA)으로 제작된 단일 수복물의 가공 정밀도와 변연 및 내면 적합도를 평가하였다. 캐드 소프트웨어에서 단일 수복물을 디자인하였고, 수복물 디자인 모델(crown designed model) 파일의 제작을 위해 디자인 후 캐드 소프트웨어에서 추출하였다. 그리고 수복물 디자인 모델 파일은 밀링 장비를 사용하여 도재 블록(lithium disilicate ceramic block)을 가공하였다. 수복물 스캔 모델(crown scanned model) 파일의 제작을 위해서 접촉식 스캐너를 이용하여 제작된 수복물의 내면을 디지털화 하였다. 그리고 삼차원 검사 소프트웨어(Geomagic control X; 3D Systems)를 이용하여, 수복물 디자인 모델과 스캔 모델의 중첩과 가공 정밀도의 삼차원 분석의 단계로 진행되었다. 그리고 제작된 수복물의 변연 및 내면 적합도는 실리콘 복제 방법으로 평가되었다. 3 종류의 단일 도재 수복물의 차이는 Kruskal-Wallis H test를 통해 분석되었고, 가공 정밀도와 변연 및 내면 적합도의 상관관계를 분석하기 위해서 Spearman correlation analysis을 하였다 (α = .05). 결과: 도재 블록의 종류에 따라서 가공 정밀도와 변연 및 내면 적합도는 유의미한 차이가 있었다 (P < .001). 그리고 가공 정밀도와 변연 및 내면 적합도는 서로 양의 상관관계를 보였다 (P < .001). 결론: 도재 블록의 종류에 따라서 제작된 단일 수복물의 변연 적합도는 임상적 허용 범위에 있었기 때문에(< 120 μm), 적합도 측면에서 모두 임상에 적용할 수 있는 적절한 가공 정밀도로 간주할 수 있다.

두 종의 치과용 캐드 소프트웨어에 대한 반복학습의 효과

손큰바다(KeunBaDa Son),이완선(Wan-Sun Lee),이규복(Kyu-Bok Lee) 대한턱관절교합학회 2017 구강회복응용과학지 Vol.33 No.2

Accuracy of different electronic torque drivers: A comparative evaluation

고병대,손큰바다,강석현,이규복 대한치과보철학회 2019 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.11 No.6

PURPOSE. This study aims to evaluate the loosening torque on the implant fixture, and to assess the accuracy of difference electronic torque drivers. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three electronic torque drivers were used to measure the loosening torque on the implant system (AnyOne; MegaGen). The implant fixtures were divided among the 3 electronic torque driver types (W&H, SAESHIN, and NSK group) and 9 for each group. The screws were fastened at the implant fixture by three electronic torque drivers using the tightening torques recommended by the manufacturers of the drivers. After 10 minutes, the screws were again fastened at the implant fixture with equal torque. Then, the loosening torques were measured with an MGT12 torque gauge (MARK-10, Inc.). This measurement procedure was repeated 10 times under loosening torques of 15 Ncm, 25 Ncm, and 35 Ncm. In the statistical analysis, all values of loosening torque were analyzed with the one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test (α=.05) for comparative evaluation. RESULTS. There were significant inter-group differences at loosening torques of 15 Ncm and 25 Ncm (P<.05). The accuracy of the NSK driver was the highest, followed by SAESHIN and W&H. There was no significant difference between NSK and W&H at 35 Ncm (P>.05). The SAESHIN driver showed the closest loosening torque at 35 Ncm. CONCLUSION. The most accurate loosening torques were SAESHIN at 35 Ncm, and NSK at 15 Ncm and 25 Ncm. Since the loosening torque may vary depending on the tightening torques and electronic torque drivers, periodic calibration of the electronic torque driver is recommended.

CBCT 기반 디지털 안궁이전과 아날로그 안궁이전의 위치 편차: 증례보고

박명현,손큰바다,안휘균,이두형,김소연,이규복 대한턱관절교합학회 2023 구강회복응용과학지 Vol.39 No.3

Facebow transfer is essential for accurately mounting a dental cast onto a semi-adjustable articulator. The precision of traditional analog facebow transfer is influenced by both the accuracy of the equipment used and the skill level of the operator. Considering that substantial positional deviations can adversely affect the quality of a fabricated dental prosthesis; it is critical to assess the positional accuracy of casts mounted using analog facebow transfer. This case report evaluates the linear and angular deviations of the occlusal plane for maxillary casts mounted through both analog facebow transfer and cone-beam computed tomography-based methods. The findings indicate that analog facebow transfer produced a linear deviation ranging from 3 to 16 mm and an angular deviation of the occlusal plane between 5 to 7 degrees. This case report confirms that, across two patients, analog facebow transfer can result in varying degrees of positional deviation, thereby potentially leading to inaccuracies in the fabrication of dental prostheses. These results suggest that, in clinical practice, the use of analog facebow transfer may yield significant deviations during the process of mounting maxillary casts.

치과용 모형 스캐너의 지대치 중첩 과정이 최종 가상 모형에 미치는 영향

유범영,손큰바다,이규복,Yu, Beom-Young,Son, Keunbada,Lee, Kyu-Bok 대한치과보철학회 2019 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.57 No.3

목적: 본 연구는 치과용 모형 스캐너를 이용하여 단일 전장관과 3본 고정성의치 모형을 스캔하는 과정에서 지대치의 중첩 과정이 최종 가상 모형에 미치는 영향을 알아보려 하였다. 재료 및 방법: 평가를 위해 단일 전장관과 3본 고정성의치를 위한 석고 모형을 제작하였다. 그리고 Pindex system을 이용하여 핀 작업된 모형을 제작하였다. 기준 스캔 데이터(CAD Reference Model)와 실험 스캔 데이터(CAD Test Model)를 획득하기 위해서 치과용 모형 스캐너(E1, 3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark)를 이용했다. 기준 스캔 데이터는 지대치를 분할한 후 탈착하지 않고 스캔하였다. 그리고 실험 스캔 데이터는 분할된 지대치를 분리하여 스캔 후, 기준 스캔 데이터에 중첩되었다(n = 20). 마지막으로 3차원 검사 소프트웨어(release 2018.0.0; Geomagic control X; 3D Systems)를 이용하여 root mean square (RMS)를 분석하였고, 통계 분석은 Mann-Whitney U test를 사용하였다 (${\alpha}=.05$). 결과: 단일 전장관 지대치의 RMS 평균은 $10.93{\mu}m$, 3본 고정성의치 지대치의 RMS 평균은 $6.9{\mu}m$가 나왔다. 두 그룹의 RMS 평균값은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보여줬다 (P < .001). 또한 두 그룹의 양(positive)과 음(negative)의 오류는 단일 전장관 지대치는 $9.83{\mu}m$, $-6.79{\mu}m$, 3본 고정성의치 지대치는 $6.22{\mu}m$, $-3.3{\mu}m$의 평균값이 나왔다. 두 그룹의 양과 음의 오류 평균값은 통계적으로 모두 3본 고정성의치 지대치가 단일 전장관 지대치보다 통계적으로 유의하게 낮은 값을 보여주었다 (P < .001). 결론: 핀 작업된 모형의 스캔 과정에서 지대치의 개수가 증가하여도 지대치의 중첩에 의한 오류는 증가하지 않았다. 또한 단일 전장관 지대치에서 유의하게 높은 오류를 보였지만 임상적으로 허용 가능한 스캔 정확도의 범위에 있다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of the abutment superimposition process on the final virtual model in the scanning process of single and 3-units bridge model using a dental model scanner. Materials and methods: A gypsum model for single and 3-unit bridges was manufactured for evaluating. And working casts with removable dies were made using Pindex system. A dental model scanner (3Shape E1 scanner) was used to obtain CAD reference model (CRM) and CAD test model (CTM). The CRM was scanned without removing after dividing the abutments in the working cast. Then, CTM was scanned with separated from the divided abutments and superimposed on the CRM (n=20). Finally, three-dimensional analysis software (Geomagic control X) was used to analyze the root mean square (RMS) and Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis (${\alpha}=.05$). Results: The RMS mean abutment for single full crown preparation was $10.93{\mu}m$ and the RMS average abutment for 3 unit bridge preparation was $6.9{\mu}m$. The RMS mean of the two groups showed statistically significant differences (P<.001). In addition, errors of positive and negative of two groups averaged $9.83{\mu}m$, $-6.79{\mu}m$ and 3-units bridge abutment $6.22{\mu}m$, $-3.3{\mu}m$, respectively. The mean values of the errors of positive and negative of two groups were all statistically significantly lower in 3-unit bridge abutments (P<.001). Conclusion: Although the number of abutments increased during the scan process of the working cast with removable dies, the error due to the superimposition of abutments did not increase. There was also a significantly higher error in single abutments, but within the range of clinically acceptable scan accuracy.

Importance and requirements for dental prosthesis order platform services: a survey of dental professionals

김규리,손큰바다,이두형,김소연,진명욱,이규복 대한턱관절교합학회 2023 구강회복응용과학지 Vol.39 No.3

Purpose: This study aimed to gain better understanding of the importance of dental prosthesis order platform services and to identify the essential elements for their enhancement and wider adoption among dental professionals. Materials and Methods: A survey was conducted to assess the perspectives of dentists, dental technicians, dental hygienists, and dental industry professionals toward dental prosthesis ordering and associated platform services (a total of 53 respondents). The questionnaire was devised after an expert review and assessed for reliability using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Factor analysis revealed that 57 factors across five categories accounted for 88.417% of the total variance. The survey was administered through an online questionnaire platform, and data analysis was conducted using a statistical software, employing one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s honestly significant difference test (α = 0.05). Results: The essential elements identified were accurate information input, effective communication, delivery of distortion-free impressions, convenience in data transmission and storage, development of stable and affordable platform services (P < 0.05). Furthermore, significant differences were observed in the importance of these items based on age, dental profession, and career experience (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The dental prosthesis ordering platform services, the requirements of dental personnel were stability, economic efficiency, and ease of transmitting and storing prosthesis data. The findings can serve as important indicators for the development and improvement of dental prosthesis order platform services.

치과용 레이저 및 임플란트 엔진 시스템의 사용자 만족도 비교 연구

손영탁,손큰바다,이재목,유원재,김진욱,이규복 대한통합치과학회 2022 대한통합치과학회지 Vol.11 No.3

The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of each system by examining the satisfaction of dentists with dental laser and implant engines. 21 dentists at Kyungpook National University dental hospital and the dental clinic in Daegu were selected. A multi-type laser and implant engine system (BLP10/CRB46LN/LSR20NN, Saeshin, Daegu, Republic of Korea), an implant engine system (SurgicPro+/X-DSG20L, NSK, Kanuma, Japan), and a laser engine system (Epic 10/surgical handpiece 6400479, Biolase, Irvine, USA) were used for evaluation. The survey was conducted with 10 items for the implant system and 9 items for the laser system. The blind test was conducted without providing product information. After using each product, the questions were evaluated using a 5-point Likerttype scale and the satisfaction of the dentist was quantified. The statistical significance for product comparison was evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test (α=0.05). In the user satisfaction of the implant engine system, there was a significant difference when comparing Saeshin product and NSK product in ‘Cutting force when forming holes’ and ‘Fixability of the drill’ of functional items (P<0.05). In the user satisfaction of the laser engine system, there was a significant difference when comparing Saeshin product and Biolase product in ‘Adequacy of output during soft tissue incision’, ‘Ease to attachment and detachment of laser tip’, ‘Convenience of adjusting the angle of the laser tip’ of functional items (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in ‘Adequacy of handpiece weight’ and ‘Detachable method of laser tip’ in items for laser handpiece design (P<0.05). Each system had a significant difference in satisfaction with function and handpiece design, and improvements for each system could be observed.

Displacement of scan body during screw tightening: A comparative in vitro study

김정한,손큰바다,이규복 대한치과보철학회 2020 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.12 No.5

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of displacement while tightening the screw of scan bodies, which were compared according to the material type. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three types of scan bodies whose base regions were made up of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) material [Straumann Group, Dentium Group, and Myfit (PEEK) Group] and another scan body whose base region was made up of titanium material [Myfit (Metal) Group] were used (15 per group). The reference model was fabricated by aligning the scan body library on the central axis of the implant, and moving this position by the resin model. The screws of the scan bodies were tightened to the implant fixture with torques of 5 Ncm, 10 Ncm, and a hand tightening torque. After the application of the torque, the scan bodies were scanned using a laboratory scanner. To evaluate the vertical, horizontal, and 3-dimensional (3D) displacements, a 3D inspection software program was used. To examine the difference among groups, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s HSD post hoc test were used (α=.05). RESULTS. There were significant differences in 3D, vertical, and horizontal displacements among the different types of scan bodies (P<.001). There was a significantly lower displacement in the Straumann group than in the Myfit (PEEK) and Dentium groups (P<.05). CONCLUSION. The horizontal displacement in all groups was less than 10 탆. With the hand tightening torque, a high vertical displacement of over 100 탆 occurred in PEEK scan bodies (Myfit and Dentium). Therefore, it is recommended to apply a tightening torque of 5 Ncm instead of a hand tightening torque.

단일 수복물과 3본 고정성 수복물 지대치 모델에서 삼차원 분석을 통한 구강 스캐너의 정확도 비교

황미양,손큰바다,이완선,이규복,Huang, Mei-Yang,Son, Keunbada,Lee, Wan-Sun,Lee, Kyu-Bok 대한치과보철학회 2019 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.57 No.2

목적: 이 연구의 목적은 단일 수복물 지대치와 3본 고정성 수복물 지대치 모델에서 3종류의 구강 스캐너에 따른 정확도를 평가하는 것이다. 재료 및 방법: 본 연구에서는 단일 수복물 지대치와 제1대구치가 상실된 3본 고정성 수복물 지대치를 제작하고, 이를 주모형으로 설정하였다. 제작된 주 모형은 산업용 삼차원 스캐너로 스캔하였고, 이를 참조 스캔 데이터로 설정하였다. 3종류의 구강 스캐너(CS3600, CS3500, 그리고 EZIS PO)를 이용하여 주 모형을 5회 스캔 하였다. 이를 평가 스캔 데이터로 설정하였다. 삼차원 비교분석(Geomagic control X)에서 지대치의 스캔 정확도를 평가하기 위해 분할된 지대치를 선택하여 분석하였다. 통계분석은 SPSS 소프트웨어를 이용하여 분석하였다 (${\alpha}=.05$). 구강 스캐너 정확도는 kruskal-wallis test를 실시하여 비교하였고, pairwise test로 사후 검정을 실시하였다. 단일 수복물 지대치 모델과 3본 고정성 수복물 지대치 모델의 정확도 차이는 mann-whitney U test로 분석하였다. 결과: 구강 스캐너에 따른 정확도의 측정결과는 모두 유의한 차이를 보였다 (P < .05). 그리고 단일 수복물 지대치 모델과 3본 고정성 수복물 지대치 모델의 진도(trueness)는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보여주었으며, 단일 수복물 지대치에서 더 좋은 진도를 나타냈다 (P < .05). 정밀도(precision)에서는 유의미한 차이가 없었다 (P = .616). 결론: 단일 수복물과 3본 고정성 수복물 지대치의 정확도를 비교한 결과, 스캔 영역이 늘어날수록 지대치 스캔의 오류는 증가하였고, 3종류의 구강 스캐너에서 3본 고정성 수복물 지대치 모델의 스캔 정확도는 임상적으로 허용 가능하다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of three types of intraoral scanners and the accuracy of the single abutment and bridge abutment model. Materials and methods: In this study, a single abutment, and a bridge abutment with missing first molar was fabricated and set as the reference model. The reference model was scanned with an industrial three-dimensional scanner and set as reference scan data. The reference model was scanned five times using the three intraoral scanners (CS3600, CS3500, and EZIS PO). This was set as the evaluation scan data. In the three-dimensional analysis (Geomagic control X), the divided abutment region was selected and analyzed to verify the scan accuracy of the abutment. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (${\alpha}=.05$). The accuracy of intraoral scanners was compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test and post-test was performed using the Pairwise test. The accuracy difference between the single abutment model and the bridge abutment model was analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The accuracy according to the intraoral scanner was significantly different (P < .05). The trueness of the single abutment model and the bridge abutment model showed a statistically significant difference and showed better trueness in the single abutment (P < .05). There was no significant difference in the precision (P = .616). Conclusion: As a result of comparing the accuracy of single and bridge abutments, the error of abutment scan increased with increasing scan area, and the accuracy of bridge abutment model was clinically acceptable in three types of intraoral scanners.

Evaluating usability of and satisfaction with two types of dental CAD software

김성민,이완선,손큰바다,이규복 대한턱관절교합학회 2019 구강회복응용과학지 Vol.35 No.1

Purpose: This study evaluated the usability of and satisfaction with two types of computer-aided design (CAD) software among users who had experience with dental implant CAD software and those who did not. Materials and Methods: Dental technicians (n = 20) who had previous experience with dental implant CAD Software and students from the College of Dentistry (n = 12) who had never designed implant custom abutments were asked to evaluate two types of CAD Software, Exocad and Deltanine. In addition, the participants were asked to fill out a structured questionnaire (Section 1: Entering basic information and retrieving files; Section 2: Setting conditions before abutment design; Section 3: Setting abutment design; and Section 4: Overall satisfaction). For the statistical analysis of the collected data, Mann-Whitney U test was used (α = .05). Results: The ease of design and satisfaction with the implant CAD Software, evaluated with respect to 21 statements divided into four Stages, were significantly higher for Exocad in both groups for Secion 1. For Sections 2 and 3, participants with experience evaluated Deltanine to be significantly better. For Section 4, both groups evaluated Exocad Software to be better. Conclusion: Overall, the Exocad Software was evaluated as having better usability and offering greater satisfaction. However, in terms of performance in the core of the design process, i.e. Sections 2 and 3, Deltanine was rated higher by the experienced users. Thus, if the user interface design parts are supplemented, Deltanine CAD Software could be put to a wider use in clinics.