세침 흡인 생검을 이용한 안와 후반부 종양의 진단

사호석,오동은,김윤덕,Ho-Seok Sa,Dong-Eun Oh,Yoon-Duck Kim 대한안과학회 2005 대한안과학회지 Vol.46 No.9

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of fine-needle aspiration biopsies of mass lesions located in the posterior orbit. Methods: Eight patients with mass lesions in the posterior orbit underwent fine-needle aspiration biopsy with 21-gauge needles using the freehand technique. Results: Fine-needle aspiration biopsies were performed easily and safely. One patient developed subconjunctival hemorrhage following biopsy, but no major complications were observed. Diagnostic specimens were obtained in 6 patients (75%). Of these diagnostic cases, 3 were benign, and the other 3 were malignant. In 3 of 6 patients we performed surgical excisions, while in the others we performed radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. In 2 patients (25%) the cytologic specimens were inadequate. Conclusions: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy is useful and safe in evaluating orbital mass lesions, especially when they are not surgically accessible due to their location in the posterior orbit.

신산업의 공간분포 패턴과 집적 요인에 관한 연구

사호석 한국경제지리학회 2020 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.23 No.2

There is an increasing need to foster new industries at the local level. This study aims to analyze the spatial patterns of new industries in Korea from 2007-2017 and to figure out its determinants of agglomeration in 2017. Through this study, it is found that new industries are unevenly distributed around Seoul Metropolitan Area(SMA). The regional disparity between SMA and non-SMA is prominent. Furthermore, new industries represent a strong spatial positive autocorrelation, showing a strong concentration on a few regions in Korea. This study explores the determinants on agglomeration of new industries with spatial statistical model. From the results of spatial error model, it is indicated that the number of graduate students, the ratio of technology based start-ups, and the number of elementary, middle, and high schools have a significant effect on new industries. In addition, the specialization and the diversity of industrial structure on knowledge-based manufacturing industries and knowledge-based service industries have been statistically significant. This study provides implications that non-SMA needs policies with respect to attracting talented people, developing human resources, and improving regional environment in order to improve regional competitiveness in promoting new industries. 지역경제 침체에 따라 지역 차원에서 신산업을 육성할 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 본 논문은 2007년부터2017년까지 지난 10년 동안 신산업의 성장에 따른 공간패턴을 분석하고, 이러한 분포형태를 결정하는 요인을파악하는 데 주요한 목적이 있다. 신산업은 수도권을 중심으로 매우 불균등하게 분포하여 비수도권과 지역격차가 두드러졌다. 신산업의 공간분포는 정적인 공간적 자기상관성을 보였으며, 특정 소수 지역을 중심으로 집적하는 경향이 나타났다. 공간계량모형을 토대로 신산업 집적 요인을 파악한 결과, 지역 내 대학원생 수, 지역에서 기술창업기업이 차지하는 비중, 지역별 초⋅중⋅고등학교 수, 지식기반제조업과 지식기반서비스업의 특화도와 산업구조 다양성, 고용밀도가 신산업 분포에 유의미한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문은 비수도권내 신산업 육성을 위해서 고급인재 유인 및 양성과 지역환경 개선을 위한 정책을 수립하는 것이 지방의 신산업 육성을 위한 경쟁력을 향상시키는 데 필요하다는 정책적 시사점을 제공하였다.

지역별 가젤형 기업의 고용창출 특성 분석

사호석 한국경제지리학회 2019 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.22 No.3

Interest in gazelle-firms, which contribute to sustained job creation, is increasing. This study aims to analyze the regional characteristics of employment by gazelle-firms in terms of job quality as well as job quantity. Furthermore, the characteristics by industry for each type are compared. The major results are as follows. First, the regional characteristics of job creation are varied in terms of the quantitative and qualitative aspects. Second, it is found that the characteristics by industry for each type are different. Therefore, each type should have discriminative strategy. These results provide policy implications that gazelle-firms’ policies should be tailed to regional characteristics in order to foster gazelle-firms more effectively. 지속적으로 고용창출에 기여하는 가젤형 기업에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 본 논문은 가젤형 기업의 지역별고용창출 특성을 양적·질적 차원에서 실증 분석하는데 목적을 두었다. 더 나아가, 4개의 유형으로 구분함으로써 유형별 업종 특성을 비교하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가젤형 기업의 고용창출 특성은 지역별로차별화 되고 있다. 둘째, 각 유형별로 업종 특성이 상이한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 유형별로 차별적인 전략 수립이필요하다. 본 논문의 결과는 효과적인 가젤형 기업 육성을 위해서 지역 특성을 반영한 맞춤형 정책이 필요하다는 정책적 시사점을 제공하였다.

백색 가토 외안근후전술 후 Myosin Heavy Chain 아형들의 변화

사호석,오세열 대한안과학회 2009 대한안과학회지 Vol.50 No.8

Purpose: To study the changes in the amount and isoform pattern of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) in rabbit extraocular muscle (EOM) fibers after recession. Methods: Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits were used. Recession surgery was performed on the right superior rectus (SR) muscle by 3 mm in eight rabbits, and performed by 8 mm in other eight rabbits. The left SR muscles were left intact as the control groups. The SR muscles in both eyes were harvested from two rabbits from each recession group at 3 days and 1, 2, and 4 weeks after surgery. The changes in MyHC amount and isoform pattern were analyzed by gel electrophoresis. Results: Total MyHC content decreased from 1 week after surgery in the 3-mm recessed group and from 3 days in the 8-mm group. The type IIb MyHC (MyHCIIb) plus EOM-specific MyHC (MyHCeom) showed similar proportional changes to the total MyHC at the different time points after surgery. Conclusions: The fast MyHCIIb plus the superfast MyHCeom decreased after EOM recession, and these results appear to be related to the changes in the global layer rather than in the orbital one. This suggests that the global layer might be the fast and the superfast twitch portions of rabbit EOM, which perform the fast saccades in ocular movements. 목적: 가토의 외안근후전술을 시행한 후 외안근의 Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) 양의 변화를 측정하고 MyHC 아형들의 변화를 알아보 고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 16마리의 New Zealand 백색 가토 중 8마리에서 우안 상직근 3 mm 후전술을, 8마리에서 우안 상직근 8 mm 후전술을 시행하였다. 수술하지 않은 좌안 상직근은 대조군으로 하였다. 수술 후 3일, 1주, 2주, 4주 때 상직근을 적출하여, MyHC의 총량과 그 아형들을 전기영동으로 분석하였다. 결과: 외안근후전술 후 MyHC 총량은 감소하였는데, 3 mm 후전술은 술 후 1주 때부터, 8 mm 후전술은 술 후 3일 때부터 감소가 관찰 되었으며, 감소량은 8 mm 후전술을 시행한 경우가 더 큰 경향을 보였다. MyHC 아형들의 변화는 빠른 아형인 MyHCIIb plus MyHCeom의 감소가 두드러졌고, MyHC 총량의 변화와 그 양상이 비슷하였다. 결론: 외안근후전술 후 MyHCIIb와 MyHCeom의 감소가 주로 관찰되었고, 이는 외안근 안구층의 변화에 의한 것으로 추정된다. 따라서 신속눈운동은 주로 안구층 근섬유들의 특징적 기능이라고 생각된다.

청년층 교육-일자리 매치의 공간적 특성과 결정요인에 관한 연구: 개인 특성 및 지역 환경 요인을 중심으로

사호석(Hoseok Sa),우한성(Hansoun Woo) 대한지리학회 2020 대한지리학회지 Vol.55 No.5

과잉학력으로 인한 교육-일자리 미스매치의 확대는 국가적, 지역적 차원에서 다양한 경제・사회 문제를 야기한다. 이로 인해 교육-일자리 매치 논의가 더욱 중요해지고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문은 청년층 교육-일자리 매치의 공간적 특성과 결정요인을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 먼저, 학교와 직장소재지를 기반으로 한 지역 간 이동과 교육-일자리 매치 간 연관성을 파악하였다. 수도권-수도권 유형의 교육-일자리 매치율이 가장 낮았으며, 비수도권-비수도권 유형의 교육-일자리 매치율이 가장 높았다. 수도권-비수도권 유형의 경우 수도권-수도권 유형에 비해 교육-일자리 매치율이 향상된 반면, 비수도권-수도권 유형은 비수도권-비수도권 유형에 비해 교육-일자리 매치율이 개선되지 않았다. 다음으로 1수준(개인수준) 변수와 2수준(지역수준) 변수를 투입한 위계로짓모형을 토대로 교육-일자리 매치에 대한 결정요인을 분석한 결과, 개인수준에서는 교육・의약・공학 전공, 대학원 졸업, 지식기반서비스업, 임금수준 등이 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 비수도권-비수도권 유형에 비해 3가지 유형 모두 교육-일자리 매치에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 지역수준 변수들에서는 지식기반서비스업 특화도, 지식기반제조업 특화도, 문화시설, 병원 등이 교육-일자리 매치 향상에 기여하는 것으로 파악되었다. 이에 본 논문은 청년층의 교육-일자리 미스매치 해소를 위해서는 개인・직업적 요인 외에도 지역 산업 및 지역 환경 또한 중요한 요소로 고려되어야 한다는 정책적 시사점을 제공하였다. As the degree of education-job mismatch is increased by over-education, which causes a diversity of social and economic problems at both national and regional level, education-job match is getting more important. The purpose of this study is to figure out the spatial characteristics and the determinants on education-job match in Korea. First, correlation between migration patterns and education-job match is analyzed. Compared with the rate of education-job match for each type, the match rate of SMA-SMA type is the lowest, and the rate of nonSMA-nonSMA type is the highest. Meanwhile, the rate of education-job match for SMA-nonSMA type is improved than the one for SMA-SMA type, whereas nonSMA-SMA type is not higher than the one for nonSMA-nonSMA type. Next, in order to analyze the determinants on education-job match, hierarchical logit model with two level data consisting of personal variables and regional variables is adopted. For the individual level, education, medicine, engineering in the major field, the graduation of graduate school, jobs in knowledge-service industry sector, and wage have positive effect on the match. On the other hand, three types have negative impact on the match in comparison with nonSMA-nonSMA type. For the regional level, the specialization of knowledge-based industries, the number of cultural facilities and hospitals have been positively significant variables. Based on these results, regional factors as well as individual elements need to be considered as important elements to relieve education-job mismatch of the youth.

산업단지 청년유인력 유형별 특성 분석: 청년유인력 종합지수를 중심으로

사호석 ( Hoseok Sa ),우한성 ( Hansoun Woo ) 한국경제지리학회 2021 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.24 No.2

청년들의 산업단지 기피 현상은 사회·경제적인 차원에서 매우 중요한 이슈이다. 이로 인해 국가적, 지역적인 차원에서 산업단지에 청년을 유입하기 위한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 본 논문은 산업단지 청년유인력 종합지수를 구성하고, 이를 토대로 산업단지 청년유인력 유형을 4개로 구분하여 유형별 특성을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 먼저 산업단지별 청년 분포와 산업단지 청년유인력 지수 간 상관분석을 실시한 결과, 양호한 설명력을 보였으며, 근무환경, 혁신환경, 어메니티, 일자리 부문과도 양의 상관관계가 나타났다. 또한 산업단지 청년유인력 유형별 특성을 분석한 결과, 국가산업단지와 일반산업단지 모두 유형별로 상이한 특성을 보였으며, 전반적으로 근무환경, 혁신환경, 배후지역 어메니티가 우수한 산업단지가 청년유인력이 양호한 유형 1에 포함되었다. 이를 토대로 유형별 정책 우선순위를 도출하였고, 유형1은 교통 접근성, 일자리 부문이 우선과제로 분석되었다. 본 논문은 산업단지에 청년을 유입하기 위해서는 산업단지 청년유인력 유형별로 맞춤형 패키지 프로그램이 수립될 필요가 있다는 정책적 시사점을 제공하였다. The phenomenon that young people avoid employment in industrial complexes, which is one of the biggest issues at social and economic dimension, is getting more important. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of youth attraction types by industrial complexes by making Youth Attraction Index. First, as the correlation between youth distribution of each industrial complex and youth attraction index of each industrial complex is analyzed, it shows a high level of correlation coefficient. There is also positive correlation between youth distribution of industrial complexes and other specific sectors except for accessibility. In addition, industrial complexes with superior working environment, innovation environment and amenities of surrounded areas are included in type Ⅰ(type with superior youth attraction) and different characteristics are shown by each type. In consideration of these, policy priorities of each type are suggested. Based on these results, customized package programs need to be established for each type of youth attraction.

Current Trends in the Management of Thyroid Ophthalmopathy

강선아,사호석 한양대학교 의과대학 2016 Hanyang Medical Reviews Vol.36 No.3

Thyroid ophthalmopathy (TO) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder involving the orbit characterized by inflammation and swelling of the extraocular muscles and an increase in orbital fat and connective tissue. Despite extensive research, TO continues to be a difficult condition for the patient to cope with and for the clinician to treat. Current treatments consist of systemic immunosuppression, orbital irradiation, and surgery. It is promising for patient refractory to conventional therapy that pathogenesis of TO at molecular level which advance development of new therapies targeting cellular immunity are now better understood. Future therapies targeting immune system or specific molecules are under investigation and show promise for the future. This review will describe current trends in the management of TO, from well-established therapies such as glucocorticoids, orbital irradiation and orbital decompression to more innovative therapies targeting immune system or specific molecules involved in TO pathogenesis.

Conjunctival Hypertrophic Scar Following Cryotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity

유인정,사호석,우경인,김윤덕 대한안과학회 2013 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.27 No.1

A 6-year-old boy was referred to our hospital with symblepharon and lateral canthal deformity in both eyes, which developed 6 years ago. The patient was born at 27 weeks gestation. He had received cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity. One month after cryotherapy, he developed a conjunctival scar with symblepharon in both eyes and underwent symblepharon lysis at another hospital 5 years prior. Ocular examination revealed an extensive conjunctival hypertrophic scar with symblepharon and limitation of extraocular movements. An excisional biopsy, lateral canthoplasty, and symblepharon lysis with conjunctival autograft from the contralateral eye were performed in the left eye. Histopathologic examination revealed diffuse proliferation and infiltration of collagenous tissue.

6번 뇌신경마비의 원인과 자연 경과

전찬,사호석,오세열,Chan Jeon,Ho Seok Sa,Sei Yeul Oh 대한안과학회 2006 대한안과학회지 Vol.47 No.11

Purpose: To evaluate the causes and natural course of sixth nerve palsy. Methods: The records of 37 patients with the sixth nerve palsy were reviewed to analyze the age of onset, etiology, angle of deviation, natural course of the palsy, and percentage of intervention. Results: The mean age of onset was 38.3 (3~77) years old. Causes and associations were: head trauma (n=11, 30%), idiopathic cause (n=9, 24%), neoplasm (n=7, 19%), aneurysm (n=2, 5%), and others (n=8, 22%). Complete recovery was observed in 80% of patients with nonhemorrhagic trauma and 33.3% with hemorrhagic trauma; 78% of patients with idiopathic cause; and 42.9% of patients with neoplasm. Conclusions: Head trauma was the most common cause of the sixth nerve palsy. Spontaneous complete recovery was observed in 80% of nonhemorrhagic trauma and 78% of idiopathic cases.

Innervated Myotendinous Cylinders Alterations in Human Extraocular Muscles in Patients With Strabismus

박성은,사호석,오세열 대한안과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.23 No.2

Purpose: To analyze innervated myotendinous cylinders (IMCs) in the extraocular muscles (EOMs) of normal subjects and strabismic patients. Methods: The rectus muscles of 37 subjects were analyzed. Distal myotendinous specimens were obtained from 3 normal subjects, 20 patients with acquired strabismus, 11 with infantile strabismus, and from 3 with congenital nystagmus, and were studied by using light microscopy. Some specimens (6 rectus muscles) were also examined by transmission electron microscopy. Results: IMCs were found in the distal myotendinous regions of EOMs. The IMCs of patients with acquired strabismus showed no significant morphological alterations. However, significant IMCs alterations were observed at the distal myotendinous junction of patients with congenital strabismus and congenital nystagmus. Conclusions: This study supports the notion that IMCs in human EOMs function mainly as proprioceptors, along with effector properties, and a disturbance of ocular proprioceptors plays an important role in the pathogenesis of oculomotor disorder. We suggest that a proprioceptive feedback system should be stimulated and calibrated early in life for the development of binocular vision.