전을(錢乙) 사백산(瀉白散)의 방의(方義)에 대한 소고(小考) - 오국통(吳鞠通)의 비판을 중심으로 -

백유상 ( Baik Yousang ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2019 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.32 No.1

Objectives : Focusing on Wujutong's critiques for Xiebaisan misuse, this study investigates how Xiebaisan and its constituent drugs have historically been used by medical doctors and analyzes the disputes in the controversial context with a summary. Methods : The contents of Xiebaisan prescription were collected and examined from the past literature and medical database, and the issues related to the debate were examined by analyzing the contents. Results : In the results of exploring the opinions of medical doctors, in general, Xiebaisan and Sangbaipi, a major medicinal drug, were seen to play a role in the work of reinforcing and reducing. In particular, Ye Tianshi was used with cold and pungent medicine to Xiebaisan as a method of releasing heat with pungent medicine for acute fever in spring, and at the same time, care was taken to avoid depletion of secretion in the stomach. Conclusions : Wujutong's critique is that in early symptoms of viral infection, the misuse of Xiebaisan seems to emphasize the adverse effects of the illness. It is hoped that further research on Xiebaisan incremental medication will be conducted in the future to help clinical applications of Xiebaisan system medication.

肺痿와 上消의 관계에 대한 小考 : 『黃帝內經』과 『金匱要略』을 중심으로

백유상(Yousang Baik),김도훈(Do-Hoon Kim) 대한한의학원전학회 2020 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.33 No.2

Objective: 본 논문에서는 『黃帝內經』과 『金匱要略』에 나오는 肺痿를 서로 비교하고, 이를 통하여 肺痿와 上消의 상관성을 살펴보았다. 또한 肺痿를 일으키는 심리적 요인들이 어떻게 上消를 야기하는지에 대한 病機를 고찰하였다. Method: 『金匱要略·肺痿肺癰咳嗽上氣病脈證治』와 『素問·痿論』의 조문 내용을 여러 기타 주가들의 의견을 바탕으로 분석하고 肺痿의 病因, 病機 및 消渴과의 관계에 대하여 살펴보았다. Result: 『金匱要略』에서 설명한 肺痿는 上焦의 熱이 肺로 들어가 肺가 마르는 병증을 말하며, 『素問·痿論』에 나오는 肺痿는 痿의 증상을 동반한다는 점에서 차이가 있으나 양자의 기전은 서로 동일하다. 『金匱要略』의 肺痿는 消渴로부터 나타나기도 하며, 반면 肺痿가 오래되어 虛한 상태에서 消渴이 동반되기도 한다. 『素問·痿論』에서 肺熱이 발생하는 이유는 주로 자신이 소유한 대상을 상실하였거나 바라던 무언가를 얻지 못하는 등의 심리적 요인에 의하여 나타난다. 肺痿뿐만 아니라 心痿, 肝痿까지 범위를 넓혀서 본다면, 消渴 가운데 上焦에서 나타나는 上消는 큰 슬픔을 당하거나 욕구불만으로 쾌락을 추구하는 것까지 원인이 될 수 있다. Conclusion: 당뇨와 消渴은 서로 일치하지는 않으나 당뇨의 치료와 관리를 위하여, 消渴의 辨證을 활용함으로써 개별 환자에 적합한 맞춤식 치료가 가능하다. 특히 당뇨 또는 消渴의 원인 가운데 최근 들어 비중이 높아지고 있는 스트레스와 情志의 이상에 대하여, 『素問·痿論』에서 제시된 五臟辨證을 활용함으로써 치료 효과를 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Objectives : In this paper, lung atrophy syndrome[肺痿] in 『Huangdineijin(黃帝內經)』 and 『Jinguiyaolue(金匱要略)』 were compared, followed by examining its relation with upper wasting thirst[上消]. Also, ways in which psychological factors that contribute to lung atrophy syndrome could cause upper wasting thirst were studied. Methods : Verses from 『金匱要略·肺痿肺癰咳嗽上氣病脈證治』 and 『素問·痿論』 were analyzed based on various annotators s opinions to determine the cause and mechanism of lung atrophy syndrome and its relationship with upper wasting thirst. Results : In 『Jinguiyaolue(金匱要略)』, lung atrophy syndrome is described as the heat of the upper body entering the lungs to dry it out. The description in 『Suwen(素問)』 differs in that it accompanies atrophy symptoms, but the mechanism is the same. Lung atrophy syndrome in 『Jinguiyaolue』 could come from wasting thirst, while wasting thirst can be accompanied in deficiency caused by chronic lung atrophy syndrome. Heat in the lungs is caused by psychological factors where the person has lost its subject of possession or was unable to attain what was desired. When expanded to include heart atrophy syndrome[心痿] and lung atrophy syndrome[肝痿], the reason for upper wasting thirst could include immense sadness or excessive indulgence in pleasure due to unmet desires. Conclusions : Although diabetes and wasting thirst are not identical, application of wasting thirst pattern differentiation to diabetes treatment and management could lead to tailored treatment of each patient. Moreover, the five zhang pattern differentiation from the 『Suwen(素問)』 could increase treatment efficacy when applied to conditions caused by stress and emotional disorder, which are increasingly playing larger roles in causing wasting thirst, or diabetes.

근현대 한의학(韓醫學) 고등교육기관(高等敎育機關)의 교육과정(敎育課程) 분석

백유상 ( Baik Yousang ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2017 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Objective : This paper attempts to analyze the curriculum of the modern Korean Medicine's higher education institutions and study their significance. Rather than conducting an in-depth pedagogical research, the paper attempts to summarize and provide a simple analysis on the subject matter due to the lack of the historical evidence of modern Korean Medicine. Method : General theses and academic papers along with daily publications before the Japanese colonial era, materials owned by Kyunghee University Korean Medicine History Museum, and history databases owned by the National Institute of Korean History and Kyujanggak were investigated Result : Upon studying the curriculum of Korean Medicine's higher education institutions, it could be concluded that the efforts to maintain the independence and professionalism of Korean Medicine in its relationship with the Western Medicine. It could also be discovered that the curriculum was improved through policy measures in order to raise the status of the practitioners and expand the scope of their practices. These higher education institutions has been continuously working to develop the Korean Medicine and raise the quality of curriculum, and their efforts were vital in the establishment of the Korean Medicine Doctor system. Conclusion : Systematic academic researches should be done on the curriculum of Korean Medicine's high education institutions in order to fulfill the objective of normalizing the Korean Medicine education and contributing to the growth of Korean Medicine.

하수오(何首烏)의 학질(瘧疾) 치료 효능에 대한 고찰(考察) - 하인음(何人飮)을 중심으로 -

백유상 ( Baik Yousang ),김도훈 ( Kim Do-hoon ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2019 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.32 No.1

Objectives : As for the effect of Polygonum multiflorum on malaria treatment, this study analyzed the characteristics of Herenyin use in Korea and the contents mentioned in major Herbs books of the past. Methods : This study searched, collected and analyzed in the literature and data DB including the contents in herbs books on the treatment of malaria with Polygonum multiflorum, and the contents of various medical books about Herenyin used in Korea, etc. Results :Since Ming and Qing dynasties, Polygonum multiflorum was used mainly for patients with malaria, whose vitality gets weakened with time. Such effects are described in numerous Herbs books. Herenyin, consisting of major medicinal materials of Polygonum multiflorum and ginseng, was also frequently used in malaria treatment in Korea in late Joseon, rather than in China since it was listed in "Jingyuequanshu". Conclusions : Based on the mechanism studies of Polygonum multiflorum with malaria treatment effects and the study of malaria treatment medication including Polygonum multiflorum, it is hoped that the development of new therapies for complete eradication of malaria will be made in the future.

劉河間의 養腎水 治法에 대한 考察 : 朱丹溪 補腎 治法과의 比較를 통하여

白裕相(Baik Yousang),金度勳(Kim Do-Hoon),安鎭熹(Ahn Jinhee) 대한한의학원전학회 2021 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.34 No.3

Objectives : This paper compares and analyzes Liu Hejian’s kidney fluid nourishing treatment methodology with Zhu Danxi’s kidney tonifying treatment methodology. Methods : The two doctors’ medical theories and treatment formulas were examined to study how their medical arguments manifested in clinical application. Results : Both doctors emphasized the kidney. Liu pursued the treatment of balance based on the theory of the original qi of the Taiyitianzhen(太乙天眞), while Zhu tried to prevent the frenetic stirring of the ministerial fire by restraining one’s desires. In nourishing kidney fluid, Liu sometimes used hot medicinals to treat kidney deficiency patters, where medicinals that tonify the kidney fluid were not defined clearly. Zhu, on the other hand, defined formulas and medicinals that would tonify the kidney yin clearly. Conclusions : The tradition of emphasizing the body’s yin qi based on the kidney has been continued from Liu Hejian to Zhu Danxi, during which the pathology of fire and heat were examined thoroughly. In clinical application, various and specific ways of controlling the fire heat were developed.

朝鮮時代 주요 調理書와 『東醫寶鑑』의 藥酒에 대한 비교 고찰

백유상(Baik Yousang),안진희(Ahn Jinhee),김종현(Kim Jong-hyun),김도훈(Kim Do-Hoon) 대한한의학원전학회 2021 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.34 No.2

Objectives: 조선시대 의서와 주요 조리서에 나타난 藥酒에 관한 기록들을 검토하고 비교하여 서로간의 연관성을 확인하고자 하였다. Methods: 『東醫寶鑑』, 『山家要錄』, 『需雲雜方』, 『음식디미방』, 『閨閤叢書』에서 약재가 포함된 술을 추출하고, 각각의 내용을 검토한 뒤 유사점과 차이점을 비교하였다. Results: 조리서의 내용 중 의서를 인용한 경우를 확인할 수 있으며, 전문적인 의학적 서술이 포함되거나 다양한 약재들로 方劑에 가까운 藥酒를 기록한 경우가 있다. 『東醫寶鑑』이 藥酒 중 일부는 『俗方』을 인용하였으며, 이는 조리서 계통의 문헌들을 참고하여 기록했을 가능성이 있다. Conclusions: 약주에 관한 의서와 조리서의 서술은 상호 영향을 주었다고 볼 수 있다. Objectives : Records on medicinal liquor in medical texts and major culinary texts of the Joseon period were examined and compared to identify their relevance. Methods : Liquors that include medicinal ingredients in the Donguibogam, Sangayorok, Suunjapbang, Eumsikdimibang, and the Gyuhapchongseo and Juchan were collected. Similarities and differences of each entry were compared following thorough examination. Results : Direct citing of medical texts or specialized medical descriptions in the culinary texts or descriptions of medical liquor composed of various medicinals close to formula compositions are evidences that medical knowledge influenced culinary texts. Conclusions : Descriptions on medicinal liquor in medical texts and culinary texts could be said to have influenced each other.

한국 주요 醫書에 나타난 64卦에 대한 考察

백유상(Baik Yousang) 대한한의학원전학회 2022 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.35 No.1

Objectives : 조선시대 전기부터 후기까지의 주요 醫書인 『醫方類聚』, 『東醫寶鑑』, 『素問大要』 등과 『格致藁』에 실린 64卦 관련 내용을 분석하여 그 특징들과 역사적 흐름을 개략적으로 살펴보았다. Methods : 각 醫書에 실린 64卦 관련 내용들을 수집, 분류하고 내용 분석을 통하여 특징들을 고찰하였다. Results : 조선시대 전반에 걸쳐서 의학 분야에 적용된 易學은 다양한 十翼의 내용들을 아우르기보다 주로 각각의 卦象에 집중되어 있으며, 64卦 가운데에서도 인체의 상하 축을 중심으로 나타나는 氣의 交濟를 주로 다루고 있다. 이는 道家의 內丹術을 넘어서 精氣神의 관점으로 인체와 우주의 변화를 바라본 결과이며, 이러한 전통 하에서 乾坤의 闔闢, 水火의 交濟 등의 氣 순환에 더욱 주목하였음을 알 수 있다. Conclusions : 조선시대 각 시대별 醫書에 나타나는 64卦의 분석을 통하여 한국 醫易學의 흐름을 개략적으로 파악할 수 있었으며, 향후 易學史의 분야와 연계하여 보다 세밀한 분석 연구가 진행되기를 기대한다. Objectives : Contents on the 64 trigrams in major medical texts from early to late Joseon such as the Uibangyuchwi(醫方類聚), Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑), Somundaeyo(素問大要), Gyeokchigo(格致藁) were analyzed to examine their characteristics and historical context. Methods : Related contents in each medical texts were collected, sorted and analyzed for thorough examination. Results : The study of Changes which was widely applied in the field of medicine throughout the Joseon period focused more heavily on each of the trigram patterns, especially in regards to the qi interaction between the upper and lower axis of the body, rather than the various meanings of the ten wings[十翼]. This is a result of the Jing-Qi-Shen perspective of the body and the universe that transcends the Daoist inner cultivation method[內丹術], under which concepts related to qi circulation such as the opening and closing[闔闢] of the Heaven[乾] and the Earth[坤], the interaction between Water[水] and Fire[火] were considered more important. Conclusions : The historical context of the study of medicine and Changes[易] of Korea could be grasped through analysing the 64 trigrams in medical texts of each period in Joseon. Further research with the field of History of Changes studies is much anticipated.

『小兒藥證直訣』 傳本에 대한 小考

白裕相(Baik Yousang) 한국의사학회 2004 한국의사학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The four precious results are beard below after thorough study of Jeoneul(錢乙)’s descended piece and main citation reference from Song(宋) era. 1. Jeoneul(錢乙)’s historical period seems that he finished his life in the age of 82, from Cheonseong(天聖) 10years(Year 1032) to Jeonghwa(政和) 3years(Year 1113) in North Song(北宋) era. However, it also seems that his life terminated Seonhwa(宣和)元年 in 1119. The title of 『Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)』 was reflected in 『Sagojeonseo(四庫全書)』 as 『Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)』, however according to various of previous descended references and citations indicate that 『Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)』 is more appropriate than 『Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)』. Furthermore, the name, Yeomhyochung(閻孝忠), who edited the reference 『Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)』 was appeared as Yeomgyechung(閻孝忠) in many different old references. Thus, even though, Sagogoan(四庫館) and Juhakhae(周學海) looked as Yeomgyechung(閻孝忠), but it seems Yeomhyochung(閻孝忠) in『Songsa(宋史)ㆍYemunji(藝文志)』is more authentic than others. 2. When first edition of 『Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)』 was published, Yeomhyochung(閻孝忠)’s the first book of 『Yeomssisoabangnon(閻氏小兒方論)』 and the first chapter of Yugi(劉跂)’s 「Jeonjungyangjeon(錢仲陽傳)」 were attached in one book. Not long after of the first edition, Donggeup(董汲)’s first book of『Soabanjinbigeupbangnon(小兒斑疹備急方論)』 and Jeoneul(錢乙)’s additional attachment was added in prescription reference. Among these references which were published in Song era, the original copy which Jinsegeol(陳世傑) published in Chung era in Ganghi(康熙) 58years (Year 1719) was remained and the first edition that Yangsugyeong(楊守敬) collected in Japan was published in 『(lbonbangseoji(日本訪書志)』 called Seonhwabon(宣和本). 3. Ungjonglip(熊宗立)’s 『LyujeungjuseokJeonssisoabanggyeol(類證注釋錢氏小兒方訣)』, Seolgi(薛己)’s 『Gyojeongjeonssisoayakjeungjikgyeol(校正錢氏小兒藥證直訣)』 Muyeongjeon-Chuijinbon(武英殿聚珍本) were followed Yangsugyeong(楊守敬)’s called Seonhwabon(宣和本) theory, in addition Yubang(劉昉)’s 『Yuyusinseo(幼幼新書)』 and 『Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)』 quoted from Chosun 『Euibangyuchui(醫方類聚)』 also followed Yangsugyeong(楊守敬)’s called Seonhwabon(宣和本) theory. On the other hand, Jinsegeol(陳世傑)’s Gisudangbon(起秀堂本) and reprinted Juhakhaebon(周學海本) belong to parts of Songbokganbon(宋復刊本). 4. In major references and citation materials descended from 『Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)』, Yubang(劉昉)’s 『Yuyusinseo(幼幼新書)』 and 『Soauisaengchongaminonbang(小兒衛生總微論方)』 were cited in Song era and some related parts in『Yeongnakdaejeon(永樂大典)』, 『Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)』 related sections, Ungjonglip(熊宗立)’s reedited and annotated part of 『Lyujeungjuseokjeonssisoabanggyeol(類證注釋錢氏小兒方訣)』, Seolgi(薛己)’s proof reading and annotated 『Gyojujeonssisoayakjeungjingyeol(校注錢氏小兒藥證直訣)』, 『Euibangyuchui(醫方類聚)』’s quotation. In Chung(淸)era, Jinsegeol(陳世傑)’s re-published reference, Gisudangbon(起秀堂本), which was simply printed in Song and proof read and republished Juhakhaebon(周學海本), Muyeongjeonchuijinbon(武英殿聚珍本) compiled from 『Yeongnakdaejeon(永樂大典)』, Yangsugyeong(楊守敬)’s 『Jeonssisoayakjeungjikgyeol(錢氏小兒藥證直訣)』 mentioned in 『Ilbonbangseoji(日本訪書志)』, Jangsui(張壽頤)’s annotation, 『Soayakjeungjikgyeoljeonjeong(小兒藥證直訣箋正)』 and Simgeumo(沈金鰲)’s 『Yuguaseokmi(幼科釋謎)』 which was applied Jeoneul(錢乙)’s theory and prescription

황제내경소문유편(黃帝內經素問遺篇)의 『소문육기현주밀어(素問六氣玄珠密語)』 인용(引用)에 대한 소고(小考)

백유상 ( Baik Yousang ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2017 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Objective : The subject of this paper's study is the annotation of Suwenliuqixuanzhumiyu, which is a book regarding the theory of yunqixue, as discovered in so-called Huangdineijingsuwenyipian or Yipian. The purpose of this paper is to ponder upon the relationship of the two texts, and, furthermore, review the relationship between the chapter of Suwen about yunqixue and other texts. Method : Annotations are collected and reviewed based on the theory of yunqixue, and much attention is given to the analysis of estimating in which period Yipian was written. Result : The annotation of Xuanzhumiyu found in Huangdineijingsuwenyipian coincides with that of the currently existing sentence in Suwenliuqixuanzhumiyu. With the publication period of Suwenliuqixuanzhumiyu as evidence, it seems that there is a lot of overlapping between that and Xuanzhumiyu since it was annotated in Huangdineijingsuwenyipian. However, since Huangdineijingsuwenyipian seems to have annotated a part of Xuanzhumiyu, it seems that it was written in a slightly later period. Conclusion : The two books are published in a relatively early period, and they are assessed to be important research data for the theory of yunqixue since they include within them clinical needle techniques and other matters that are not found in the chapter of Suwen about yunqixue.

論文(논문) : 내상잡병(內傷雜病) 개념 형성에 대한 고찰(考察)

백유상 ( Yousang Baik ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2015 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.28 No.4

Objectives : In this article, the concept of Neishang and Zabing and the establishment of the terms, are investigated. Methods : The literatures related to the establishment of Neishang and Zabing, for example, Huangdineijing, Shanhanlun, Jinguiyaolue etc are selected and then the analysis and investigation of the significant documents has followed. Results : The concept of Neishang originally means the group of disease caused by internal pathogens, for example, emotions in Huangdineijing; however, it has become rarely mentioned in Shanhanlun, Jinguiyaolue. The other concept, Zabing that is used once as a name of chapter in Huangdineijing means the group of diseases without exogenous diseases after Shanhanzabinglun was published. Conclusions : The concept of Neishang has divided into qiqingneishang that is caused by emotion disorders in Sanyinfang in the Song dynasty, and yinshineishang argued by Lidongyuan, a doctor in the Jinyuan dynasty: the latter has been the main meaning of Neishang. The concept of Zabing had been used as a narrow sense, the rest diseases until it was extended to a broad sense, the name of disease group except for internal and body-based diseases.