肢體不自由兒들의 運動興味에 關한 調査 硏究

배종수 釜山大學校 1983 국내석사

KSR-III 궤도 추적용 필터 성능 분석

배종수 한양대학교 대학원 2001 국내석사

본 논문에서는 중형과학 로켓인 KSR-III의 궤도를 추적하는 필터로서 준최적 칼만필터와 steady-state 칼만 필터의 성능을 분석한다. 준 최적 칼만 필터의 성능 분석은 2개의 서로 다른 시스템 동역학으로 Singer model과 Berg model을 변형한 형태의 새로운 시스템 동역학을 사용한 필터의 성능을 비교, 분석한다. 본 논문에서는 각 필터가 레이더로부터 측정치가 없는 환경에서 예측만 했을경우의 추정 성능을 비교, 분석한다. In this paper, we analyze the performance of KSR-III tracking filters such as a suboptimal Kalman filter and a steady-state Kalman filter. The suboptimal filter uses two different system dynamic models, Singer model and a newly proposed model. The performances of the two models, as well as the performance of the suboptimal Kalman filter and the steady-state Kalman filter are compared. Also, trajectory prediction performance is studied for each filter in the case of missing radar measurements.

북한 이동통신 및 휴대전화 사용실태 연구

배종수 북한대학원대학교 2019 국내석사

북한에 이동통신은 2000년 초에 도입되어 2019년 현재 약 400만명 이상의 주민들이 이용중인 것으로 추정된다. 북한의 휴대전화가 도입 초기, 특권층에서만 사용하였던 것이 이제는 북한 일반 주민들까지 확산되었다. 본 논문은 단기간에 북한 휴대전화 사용자 수가 급증한 원인을 찾고자 하였다. 2019년 현재까지 북한 이동통신 등과 관련된 연구는 북한 자료 및 북한 사회에 대한 제한 된 접근으로 문헌 연구 위주로 진행이 되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 북한 주민들의 휴대전화에 대한 인식과 실태 및 휴대전화 통제 메카니즘 등을 분석하는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위해 북한에서 휴대전화 사용 경험이 있는 북한이탈주민들을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하였다. 설문은 실제 북한 주민들이 어떻게 휴대전화를 인식하고 있으며 휴대전화를 사용하는 주된 목적이 무엇인지 등을 질의하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 북한 주민들은 휴대전화 가입을 공식적인 휴대전화 개통 채널 외에도 장마당에서 전화판매소나 장사꾼 등을 통해서도 가입을 할 수 있었으며, 북한 당국이 북한 당국이 북한 주민들의 휴대전화 가입 및 승인 절차와 관련하여 엄격한 절차를 적용하지 않고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 휴대전화 유지보수 체계는 공식 조직보다는 장마당 및 개인 등 비공식 조직을 선호하였다. 당국이 휴대전화에 저장 된 개인 자료를 보는 것을 회피하기 위한 목적이 컸다. 휴대전화 앱 설치는 개방된 무선 인터넷 환경이 아닌 오프라인에서 별도로 이루어지고 있었으며, 이는 북한 이동통신이 인트라넷 기반으로 작동 되고 있음을 보여주는 단서가 되었다. 셋째, 북한의 물리적 통제를 위한 기관들이 상시적으로 검열을 진행하고 있으며 북한 주민들이 사용하는 휴대전화도 유선전화와 마찬가리로 도청에 노출되어 있었다. 북한 당국이 휴대전화가 외부 국가에 노출되는 것을 방지하기 위해 국경지역에서는 엄격한 휴대전화 사용 제한 조치가 적용되고 있었다. 휴대전화가 완전한 통제 하의 인트라넷으로 운용될 때 북한에서 휴대전화는 북한 체제를 위협하는 통신매체가 될 수 없다. 북한 주민 의식 조사에서 나타난 것처럼 휴대전화에 대한 북한 주민들의 긍정적 태도와 북한 당국의 휴대전화에 대한 완전한 통제라는 자신감이 짧은 기간 안에 휴대전화 사용량 급증에 대한 설명이 가능할 것이다. 향후 북한 內 휴대전화 사용량이 크게 증가하여도 북한 당국이 이를 적극적으로 규제하지는 않을 것으로 예상된다. Mobile communication was introduced in early 2000 and it is estimated that more than 4 million residents are using it as of 2019. North Korean mobile phones were used only by privileged classes in the early days of their introduction, and then they have spread to ordinary people in North Korea. Until 2019, the research related to North Korean mobile communication has been conducted mainly on literature research with limited access to North Korean data and North Korean society. Therefore, this study aims to analyze North Korean residents' perception and actual condition of mobile phones, and the mechanism of mobile phone control. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on North Korean defectors who had used mobile phones in North Korea. The survey questioned how North Koreans actually recognize mobile phones and what is the main purpose of using them. The results of the study are as follows. First, North Koreans could subscribe to mobile phone through telephone sales offices and merchants in the marketplace in addition to the official mobile phone opening channel. North Korean authorities did not apply strict procedures regarding the procedures for North Koreans to subscribe to mobile phones and to be approved. Second, the mobile phone maintenance system preferred informal organizations such as the marketplace and the individual rather than the official organization. The purpose was to avoid the authorities from looking at the personal data stored in the mobile phone. The installation of mobile phone apps was carried out separately off-line, not in an open wireless Internet environment, which was a clue to the fact that North Korean mobile communication is operating on intranet basis. Third, the institutions for physical control of North Korea are conducting regular inspections, and the mobile phones used by North Koreans are also exposed to wiretapping as fixed-line telephones. In order to prevent North Korean authorities from exposing the mobile phones to outside countries, strict restrictions on mobile phone use were being applied in the border area. When a mobile phone is operated as an intranet under full control, a mobile phone in North Korea can not be a communication medium that threatens the North Korean regime. As shown in the survey of North Korean residents' consciousness, the North Koreans' positive attitude toward mobile phones and the North Korean authorities’ confidence in full control of mobile phones will be able to explain the surge in mobile phone use in a short period of time. It is expected that the North Korean authorities will not actively regulate the use of mobile phones in North Korea even if the usage of mobile phones increases significantly in the future.

A Study on the Improvement in Gasification and Combustion Performance of Low Rank Coals

배종수 광운대학교 2013 국내박사

In this study, coal water slurry (CWS) with higher heating values and lower viscosity was prepared by employing various alcohol additives to evaluate gasification performance in a pilot-scale entrained flow gasifier, and devolatilization characteristics of Mongolian coals were investigated using fixed-bed and rotary kiln-type reactors to report the relationship between char pore structure and its combustion reactivity. For efficient CWS gasification, it is very important to prepare CWS with higher carbon content and lower viscosity, which improve CWS heating values and atomization of CWS. However, the trade-off relationship between carbon content and viscosity gives rise to the difficulty in preparing CWS with high carbon content and low viscosity. In this study, CWS with higher heating values and lower viscosity was prepared using various alcohol additives such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol and 1-octanol with an alcohol content range of 1~10 wt%. In the case of methanol, ethanol and isopropanol with hydrophilic nature, as the added alcohol content increased up to 10 wt%, the slurry viscosity decreased from 2100 to 1089 cP, and heating values increased from 3613 up to 4412 kcal/kg. However, in the case of 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol and 1-octanol with lipophilic nature, the slurry viscosity significantly increased up to the measurement limit (10000 cP) of our viscometer with an increase in the added alcohol content, and the alcohol with a longer alkyl chain gave a much larger increase in viscosity. From the behavior of slurry viscosity by addition of various alcohol additives, it was considered that the viscosity behavior by addition of alcohols might be significantly associated with the hydrophilic nature of Shenhua coal. The swelling tests, EDS, X-ray mapping, FT-IR and ash analyses of Shenhua coal were conducted to estimate the hydrophilicity of Shenhua coal. As a result, it was confirmed that Shenhua coal includes substantial hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl groups, which is derived from silica and alumina well-distributed on coal surface. For these reasons, coal water ethanol slurry (CWES) was prepared by adding ethanol into CWS to estimate gasification performance. Compared with CWS gasification, gasification with CWES showed higher performance, such as composition of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, carbon conversion, cold gas efficiency, and total flow rate of syngas. In general, the gasification performance is directly associated with carbon content of CWS, and it is very difficult to increase the carbon content of CWS while maintaining slurry viscosity to the atomizable level (2000 cP). However, in the case of CWES, the carbon content of slurry can be readily improved and the viscosity of slurry can be reduced at the same time. Thus, the improved carbon content of CWES led to higher gasification performance than that of CWS. Moreover, if bio-ethanol is actually used for preparation of CWES, carbon dioxide emission from gasification could be considerably diminished. Devolatilization characteristics of Baganuur coal (BC), Shievee Ovoo coal (SOC), Shievee Ovoo dried coal (SOC-D) from Mongolia and pore-structure variation of coal char were investigated to examine the combustion reactivity. Higher temperatures increased the rate of devolatilization but decreased char production. BC showed higher rates of devolatilization and char yields than SOC or SOC-D. Each coal showed inversely proportional devolatilization and char yields, though the relation was not maintained between the different coal samples because of their different contents of inherent moisture, ash, fixed carbon, and volatile matter. Higher temperatures led to the formation of less tar, though with more diverse components that had higher boiling points. The coal gas produced from all three samples contained more hydrogen and less carbon dioxide at higher temperatures. Cracking by multiple functional groups, steam gasification of char or volatiles, and reforming of light hydrocarbon gas increased with increasing temperature, resulting in more hydrogen. The water gas shift reaction decreased with increasing temperature, reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide. BC and SOC, with retained inherent moisture, produced substantially higher amounts of hydrogen at high temperature, indicating that hydrogen production occurred under high-temperature steam. The continuous supply of steam from coal in the rotary kiln reactor allowed further exploration of coal gas production. Coal gas mainly comprising syngas was generated at 700~800 °C under a steam atmosphere, with production greatest at 800 °C. Using the produced char, char pore structure and its combustion reactivity were investigated. SOC char showed much higher combustion reactivity than BC char at real-power-plant temperature (1100~1400 oC) as well as the low temperature range below 900 oC. Meanwhile, the surface area of the SOC char was much higher than that of the BC char, and it was confirmed that their surface area was dominantly derived from their ash pore structure. In addition, the ash phase dispersion of the SOC char was better than that of the BC char. Thus, it was concluded that the higher surface area and better dispersion of ash phase leads to higher combustion reactivity of the SOC char.

나노기공성 촉매/흡착제를 이용한 합성가스(CO, CO2, H2)내 수소분리

배종수 광운대학교 2010 국내석사

폐기물가스화시 발생하는 탄화수소계 가스를 촉매개질하면 일산화탄소, 이산화탄소, 수소로 전환돤다. 이때 잔류 일산화탄소 및 이산화탄소를 선택적으로 산화 및 흡착/제거하여 순수한 수소를 분리하고자 하였다. 일산화탄소, 이산화탄소 제거를 위한 촉매 및 흡착제의 성능을 극대화하기 위해 일산화탄소 산화용 촉매로서 백금, 이산화탄소 흡착제로서 탄산나트륨을 나노기공성 알루미나에 담지 시켰으며, 상용 알루미나(Degussa)와의 성능을 비교하였다. 나노기공성 촉매 및 흡착제의 경우, 상용화알루미나로 제조한 촉매 및 흡착제보다 균일한 기공 및 넓은 표면적을 가짐을 확인하였다. 침전법을 이용하여 제조한 나노기공성 Pt/Al2O3의 XRD, TEM 분석결과, 백금입자는 알루미나표면에 응집되지 않고 고분산되어있음을 확인하였다. 최적조건은 일산화탄소 산화실험시 150oC에서 1.5wt% 촉매를 이용하였을 경우 전환율 100%를 달성하였다. 그러나 상용 알루미나를 이용하여 제조한 촉매로 실험을 진행하였을 경우 반응시간이 30분가량 감소하였다. 함침법을 이용하여 제조한 나노기공성 Na2CO3/Al2O3의 SEM 분석결과 담지량이 20wt% 이상일 때는 잔류 탄산나트륨이 알루미나 표면에 도포됨에 따라 기공부피가 감소하였다. 탄산나트륨 함량증가에 따라 이산화탄소 흡착량은 증가하였지만, 탄산나트륨 단위질량당 최대흡착량은 20oC에서 20wt%일 때 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 흡착이 완료된 흡착제는 열처리를 통한 재생이 가능하였다. Hydrocarbon gases generated from the gasification of waste could be converted into CO, CO2 and H2 using reforming catalysts. And, CO and CO2 gases were selectively oxidized and adsorbed/removed to obtain pure hydrogen. To optimize oxidation/adsorption efficiency for CO and CO2, Pt as CO oxidation catalysts and Na2CO3 as CO2 adsorbents were supported on nanoporous alumina and the efficiencies were compared with commercial alumina(Degussa). Nanoporous catalysts and adsorbents formed more uniform pores and larger surface area compared to catalysts and adsorbents prepared with commercial alumina. In case of nanoporous Pt/Al2O3 prepared by the precipitation method, Pt did not aggregate on the alumina surface but dispersed uniformly. Carbon monoxide was oxidized almost completely at 150oC with the prepared catalyst(1.5wt% Pt). And, the reaction time for CO oxidation decreased about 30 minutes when the commercial catalyst was employed. In case of nanoporous Na2CO3/Al2O3 adsorbent prepared by the impregnation method, it was found that the pore volume decreased with more than 20wt% of Na2CO3 because residual Na2CO3 coated the surface of alumina. The adsorption amount of CO2 increased with increase of Na2CO3 loading. Finally, the highest adsorption capacity per unit mass of Na2CO3 could be achieved when the loading of Na2CO3 reached up to 20wt%, Furthermore, used adsorbents could be recycled by the thermal treatment.

울산대 캠퍼스 주차관리 개선에 관한 연구

배종수 울산대학교 정책대학원 2004 국내석사

우리나라의 주차수요는 해마다 20% 이상 증가하교 있는데, 울산대학교 캠퍼스도 교직원은 물론 대학원생과 학부생까지 승용차를 이용하여 출·퇴근 또는 등·하교하는 비율이 지속적으로 증가함에 따라 주차수요가 급격히 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 울산대학교의 향후 급증하는 주차수요에 대비하기 위하여 현재의 주차관리의 문제점을 파악하여 이를 근거로 장래의 캠퍼스 주차개선을 위한 방안을 검토한 연구이다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 교내 총 주차면수는 1,179면으로 피크시 주차대수인 1,526대를 해결하기에는 주차변수가 부족한 실정이다. 그러나, 현실적으로 주차면수의 추가확보에는 한계가 있으므로 주변 주차구획선 형식의 변경이나 새로운 전용주차장 부지 확보가 필요하다. 2. 캠퍼스의 주차시간 도심의 평균 주차시간보다 다소 길며, 특히 활동인구의 구성원별 주차시간을 살펴보면 교직원이 학생 및 방문객보다 비교적 장기 주차하고 있는 것으로 나타나고 있는데 쾌적한 캠퍼스 환경조성을 위해서는 주차시간을 최소화 해야 할 것이다. 3. 캠퍼스의 주차패턴은 대학의 학사운영과 깊은 관계가 있으며 수업의 분산과 같은 효율적인 학사운영으로 주차가 특정시간대에 집중하지 않도록 하는 것도 하나의 방안이 될 것이다. 4. 교수 및 교직원의 주차수교만을 수용할 경우에는 구역별로 주차시설이 남아도는 곳이 있는가 하면, 주차시설이 부족하여 증설이 요구되는 곳도 있다. 주차시설이 부족한 구역의 경우, 주차시설에 여유가 있는 구역으로 분산 수용하는 방안이 있으나 현실적으로 어려올 때는 공동주차장의 설치 운영이 필요하다. 5. 현재와 같이 교수, 교직원(조교 포함) 및 일부 대학원생의 주차수요를 수용하는 경우에는 많은 구역에서 주차시설의 공급이 수요에 역부족임을 알 수 있었다. 주차시설의 부족을 해결하기 위해서는 구역간 주차설치 가능용지를 확보하여 구역공동주차장의 건설이 필요하다. 6. 교수 및 교직원, 대학원생의 주차수요를 전부 수용하려면 현재와 같은 방법으로는 교내 여건상 해결이 거의 불가능에 가까우므로, 경사지인 교내 가용지를 활용하여 지하주차장을 건설하거나 주차장전용건물을 건설하여 주차수요에 대비하여야 할 것이다. 7. 합리적인 주차관리를 위해서는 주차수요의 억제방안과 더불어 효율적인 주차관리를 위한 관련 규정의 제정이 필요하며, 주차시설의 지속적인 공급확대 방안도 검토되어야 한다. In proportion to the highly increasing demand of parking lots in Korea, the campus of University of Ulsan (UOU) experiences rapidly extending requirement of parking space according to the growth rate of its faculties, students and staffs who own cars. This study aims to prepare improved alternatives for the parking management system of the UOU campus. For that purpose, present issues of the system is also considered carefully. The results are the followings. 1. Overall 1,179 parking lots in UOU campus is not enough for the 1,526 cars at the peak time. However, extra parking space is practically limited, so that another approaches such as arranging the parking line are required. 2. The average parking time in UOU campus is longer than the other sites in the city center, so that the efforts for minimizing the parking time are also required. 3. Parking pattern in campus is deeply related to the management of academic affairs, so that more efficient academic administration such as rearranging the lectures is required. 4. Imbalance of parking requirement causes in efficiency, so that more careful considerations of the compulsory allocation of parking system are required. 5. In the present circumstances, almost half of the colleges are beyond their parking capacities, so that the establishment of common-parking lots is required. 6. The extra parking space is not available in the present UOU campus, so that more practical methods such as the slope-used parking, the parking tower and the underground parking are required. 7. For more reasonable parking management, the UOU campus parking regulations are required with the policies for the decrease of parking requirements and the continuous supply of the campus parking facilities.

AISI 4140강의 템퍼링 온도에 따른 기계적 성질과 임피던스 특성과의 관계에 관한 연구

배종수 東亞大學校 大學院 1988 국내석사

This study has been carried out to establish the relationship between mechanical properties and impedance characteristics by using nondestructive testing techniques. The results obtained from the experiment are as follows; 1. Optical micrographs have been shown that as tempering temperatures increase from 200℃ to 750℃, various microstructural changes such as the precipitation and growth of ∈-carbides, the formation of lower bainite from the decomposition of retained austenite, the formation and coarsening of cementite particles that occurs after ∈-carbides, and the recrystallization of ferrite grains are involved. 2. Hardness measurement has revealed that Vickers hardness values almost linearly decrease with increasing tempering temperatures. 3. It has been shown from tensile test that as tempering temperature increases, both tensile strength and yield strength decrease almost linearly whereas elongation and reduction of area tend to increase. 4. Values for the relative impedance are shown to repidly increase for a range of tempering temperature of 200 to 350℃, give a maximum value at 450℃, then decrease almost linearly for a temperature range from 450℃ to 700℃, and finally increase again after showing a minimum value at 700℃. Those changes in impedance are related to the precipitation of carbides and the microstructural changes that occur during tempering. 5. The relation between relative impedance and hardness depends on tempeing temperatures and yields for tempering temperatures below 350℃ Irel. = -0.247H + 150, for a temperature range of 450 ~ 700℃ Irel. = 0.117H + 42. 6. The relation between relative impedance and tensile strength gives for tempering temperatures below 350℃ Irel. = -0.58 σ + 115, for a temperature range of 450 ~ 700℃ Irel. = 0.36 σ - 39. 7. Changes in microstructures and mechanical properties cause some influences on electromagnetic properties and hence some variation of the relative impedance of electromagnetic induction coil.

치과용 임플란트 피로시험을 위한 지그의 재질과 구멍 형태가 피로수명에 미치는 영향도에 관한 연구

배종수 서강대학교 대학원 2012 국내석사

본 연구의 목적은 치과용 임플란트의 피로시험에 사용되는 지그의 재질과 지그 구멍의 형태에 따른 치과용 임플란트의 피로수명의 영향도를 분석하기 위함이다. 현재 치과용 임플란트의 표준 피로시험 방법을 대표하는ISO14801에서는 지그를 3GPa 이상의 탄성계수를 가지는 견고한 고정기로 규정하고 있다. 하지만 악골은 크게 치밀골과 해면골이라는 층으로 나누어져 있으며 악골에 식립된 임플란트는 골유착이 이루어지기 때문에 현재 ISO 14801 규격으로는 임상을 제대로 모사하지 못한다고 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 임상을 대변할 수 있는 피로시험용 지그를 위해 3개의 지그 재질과 2개의 지그구멍 형태를 선정하였고 FE 해석과 피로시험 결과를 통해 지그의 재질과 구멍형태가 치과용 임플란트 피로수명에 미치는 영향도를 분석하였다. A purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of material properties and hole designs of the jig on fatigue test results of dental implants. An implant fatigue test method is described in ISO14801, which requires that the jig should firmly hold the implant and the elastic modulus of the jig should be more than 3 GPa. However, these requirements are insufficient to represent a dental implant in the jawbone as the fixture is osseointegrated in the jawbone that comprises of the cortical bone and the cancellous bone. In this paper, three different materials for the jig and two different hole designs of the jig for holding the implant were examined in FE simulations and fatigue tests. From the simulation and test results, the effects of material properties and the hole designs of the jig were evaluated in the light of fatigue life of dental implants.

퍼지 클러스터링 기반 신경회로망과 SVM 패턴 분류기 설계에 관한 연구 : 검은색 폐플라스틱 분류를 중심으로

배종수 수원대학교 2017 국내석사

Lately, the amount of waste plastics including black plastics is getting more and more increasing. According as lots of plastics are widely used in various industrial fields. Under these circumstances, necessity for recycling of limited useful resources is getting more and more important gradually and research related to plastic sorting system is being largely required for plastic recycling. Plastic sorting system constructed currently by Near Infrared Ray(NIR) is being exploited to classify colored plastics besides black plastic. However, the classification of black plastics still remains a challenging issue, because of the absorption of infrared rays of NIR spectrometer for black plastics. Design methodology to identify black plastics in introduced. ATR FT-IR, Raman, and LIBS spectroscopies are used to carry out qualitative as well as quantitative analysis and also comparative studies for black plastics. For ATR FT-IR spectrometer, the spectra data of black plastics can be measured through the contact of interval gap between the spectrometer and plastic. Its measurement speed is faster compared to NIR spectrometer. ATR FT-IR spectrometer which is the contact type of interval gap, has difficulty in the on-line application. As the contactless type of interval gap, Raman spectrometer can measure the samples quickly, but its ensuing effect leads to the difficulty of data extraction due to lots of noises as well as the difficulty of application to on-line system. Therefore, LIBS spectrometer which is the contactless type, is used to effectively extract spectra data being applied in the on-line system. But, whenever the spectra data are measured in the same sample through spectrometer, the position of peak points of the characteristic spectra data are partially changed or shifted. Design methodology which takes into consideration for the changed or shifted spectra data are introduce in this study. The design method of determining input variables corresponding to data peak points based on the chemical characteristic lead to more reasonable and effective technique for improving the performance of FRBFNN and SVM classifiers. Moreover, in order to improve the identification performance, intelligent computing algorithms such as Principal Component Analysis(PCA), Fuzzy Transform(FT), Fuzzy Radial Basis Function Neural Networks(FRBFNN), Support vector machine classifiers(SVM) and Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) are considered to analyze and classify some types of black plastics. In the preprocessing step for classifying some black plastics, the characteristic peak points are extracted and region corresponding to each characteristic peak point is taken into consideration. Here, as the preprocessing techniques, PCA and Fuzzy Transform algorithms are used for the dimension reduction of data. And FRBFNN and SVM are exploited as intelligent classifiers. FRBFNN classifier is considered as the powerful tool with the synthesis technologies of fuzzy theory and neural networks for the identification of black plastics. SVM classifier is used for comparative studies with FRBFNN classifier. In conclusion, the design methodology related to preprocessing techniques based FRBFNN classifier is demonstrated as competitive and preferred network architecture, as well as superb performance.

신약성경에 나타난 종말론적 구조에 있어서 재림의 위치

배종수 아세아연합신학대학교 1998 국내박사