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박양주(Park, Yangjoo) 한국열린교육학회 2012 열린교육연구 Vol.20 No.1
문화역사적 활동이론(이하 활동이론)의 관점에서 수업은 교과 내용, 학습자, 교수자, 혹은 학습환경 어느 하나로 환원되지 않는다. 수업은 관련된 모든 변인들이 체제적으로 융합된 총체이며, 사회문화적 실제로 파악된다. 이러한 접근은 역사적으로 내용 혹은 교수자 중심에서 학습자중심으로 발전하여 온 수업설계영역에 대하여, 내용, 교사, 학습자, 혹은 환경 등의 고립적 요소 대신에 종합적 단위로서의 활동을 설계의 중심에 위치시킬 것을 제안한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 활동중심의 수업설계 원리 및 전략을 활동이론의 관점에서 탐색하였다. 이를 위해서 연구자는 먼저 활동이론의 기본 관점과 이를 수업설계에 적용한 선행 연구들을 소개하고, 이를 통해서 파악된 수업의 특성을 총체성, 사회문화성, 역사성, 모순 및 역동성의 측면에서 진술하였다. 그리고 각각의 특성에 대응하는 수업설계의 원리와 전략들을 제안하였다. Instruction, from the perspectives of Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT), may not be reduced to any isolated element of contents, learner, teacher, or surroundings. It is the systemic whole and socio-cultural reality in which all of the elements are inter-connected and intertwined. This approach suggests that the practice of instructional design, which have developed from the domain-centered to the learner-centered, place the activity at the center instead of other isolated elements such as content, learner, teacher, or environment. This study explored the theoretical principles of and strategies for Activity-Centered Instructional Design (ACID).In order to achieve this, the study briefly introduced the main concepts of CHAT. The study also described the characteristics of instruction viewed from the perspectives of CHAT, in terms of its wholeness, socio-culturality, historicity, and contradiction and dynamics. The design principles of and the strategies for ACID were then explored and assessed.
도축우(屠畜牛)의 심장근육내(心臟筋肉內) 주육포자충(住肉胞子蟲) 감염실태조사(感染實態調査)와 Sarcocystis cruzi의 동정(同定)
박양주 ( Yang Joo Park ),김종술 ( Jong Sool Kim ),정동수 ( Dong Su Chung ),박양순 ( Yang Soon Park ),신명균 ( Myung Kyun Sin ),김교승 ( Kyo Seung Kim ) 한국가축위생학회 1992 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.15 No.2
330 Samples of the slaughtered cattle heart muscle were collected from the abattoirs of five regions in Kangwon-do to reveal the frequency of sarcocystis infections during January through December in 1991. The samples were inspected for bradyzoites by the trypsin digestion technique and the possitive samples were fed to dogs and cats for the detection of sporocysts shed in the feces. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The infection rate of bovine Sarcocystis investigated from 330 samples was 43.6%. 2. It revealed that the infection rate of sarcocystis increased gradully with the advance in the age, 14.5% in below two years, 26.1% in the three years, 30% in four years, 54.7% in five years, 74.4% in six years, 90% in seven years and 100% in older than eight years. 3. The cyst walls detected out from the heart muscles were less than 1μm in thickness and the size of bradyzoites were 11.8×2.8μm in average. 4. The size of sporocysts shed in the feces of dogs were 15.8×9.8μm in average and the prepatent periods ranged from 12 to 16days. 5. Sarcocystis found in the bovine heart muscles were identified as Sascocystis cruzi(Hasselman, 1923), wenyon, 1926.