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박광덕 ( Kwang Duck Park ) 한국행정학회 1997 韓國行政學報 Vol.31 No.4
복지선진국의 경우 1980년대 들어서 신보수주와의 사조속에서 행·재정 개혁의 일환으로 사회복지억제를 위한 복지개혁을 추진하게 되었다. 사회복지의 지나친 부담으로 인하여 발생하는 경제적 비효율성, 재정적자 등의 문제를 해결하기 위하여는 국고보조금의 삭감, 복지의 민영화등을 통하여 사회복지서비스를 민간부문에서 제공하는 것이 바람직하다는 주장이 거세게 나타났다. 그런데, 우리나라의 경우는 사회복지서비스에 있어서 국가의 역할이 매우 미약하기 때문에 서구에서 시작된 국가부담의 경감을 중심으로 하는 복지개혁은 현실과 맞지 않는 측면이 있다. 또한, 민간의 역할도 오늘날 시설서비스를 중심으로 사회복지법인이 주도하고 있으나 이것은 주로 정부의 지원에 의한 위탁사업의 성격이 강하고 주민참여를 통한 자조적인 노력은 매우 미약하다. 따라서, 본연구는 우리나라 사회복지서비스의 공급에 있어서 정부와 민간의 역할분담을 어떻게 정립하여야 할 것인가란 물음에 답을 하기 위하여 기존 선진국의 이론과 실태를 분석하고 그로부터 새로운 공사역할 분담모형을 정립하고자 시도하였다. 본연구에서 주장하는 半公半私型과 公私協同型의 구별의 실익은 시설복지와 재가복지라는 구분에 유용할 수 있으며 특히 공사협동형은 지역복지차원에서 지역주민의 적극적인 참여를 중시하는 새롭게 등장한 유형이다.
사회복지조직의 리더십의 유형과 조직성과간의 관계분석 : 노인장기요양기관을 중심으로
박광덕(Kwang-Duck Park) 한국비교정부학회 2016 한국비교정부학보 Vol.20 No.1
In this paper I adopt three goals for analysis between leadership types and organizational performances. First, I evaluated organizational performances as service quality of Long term care for the elderly in 2013. And secondly I analyzed leadership styles in front line service providers as CEO of long term care facilities. Thirdly I focused on relationship between leadership styles and service quality in long term care facilities. For purposes, I gathered data from doing survey both person-owned facilities and corporate-owned facilities. For analyzing data I used SPSS version 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 and focused on factor analysis, SEM, and Multiple Regression. For conclusion I adopted hypothesis #1, transformational leadership is getting better influence on organizational performances and hypothesis #2, transactional leadership is getting better influence on organizational performances. But I rejected hypothesis #3, institutional leadership is getting better influence on organizational performances. Under controling institutional environments I pointed out transactional leadership influences organizational performances statistically significant in hierarchical regression analysis. Finally I concluded that transactional leadership is getting better organizational performances than others’ leadership styles.
한국과 일본의 의료보험개혁 비교연구 : 신제도주의적 관점에
박광덕(Kwang-Duck Park) 한국비교정부학회 2008 한국비교정부학보 Vol.12 No.2
This study focuses on reform processes, especially fundamental system reform of health insurance to help making an alternatives for our health insurance reforms, especially between health insurance system unification of 1990s in Korean and fundamental reform of health insurance system of 2006 in Japan by “path dependence” and “veto point” of conceptualization of new institutionalism. The implication in our health insurance reform of this study, suggested from the results is as follow. First, even if there are similar to the institute titles both countries, there are different administration systems in specific. Second, analysis on path dependency show big differences between Korea and Japan on the process of health insurance reform recently. Especially, Japan just continues muddling through for initial program of public insurance, but Korea finally have succeeded unification of managing system of health insurance of 1997. So our reform process are more active and dynamic, and more fundamental than Japan. Finally, analysis on veto point by Bonoli’s 4 dimensions, there are differences two countries. Fundamentally Japanese political systems had no chances for minority party to participate government major policy process during 50years from 1955 to 2003. Veto point of our country attracted public generals and policy actors to make new institution and making alternatives until 1990. But Recently political environments of Korea and Japan were changed by political reform 1997 and 2003 respectively. So Korea have more veto points, opposite political party s ability, activating of non-profit organization, and general election systems than Japan.
한국과 일본의 사회복지제도화 과정분석 - 지역복지계획을 중심으로 -
박광덕(Kwang Duck Park) 한국지방행정학회 2018 한국지방행정학보 (KLAR) Vol.15 No.1
There are big issues in Korea and Japan about low fertility and olders. Korea and Japan are getting low birth rate and worse situation in society since 1990s. Although Japan faced with low fertility and aged society, they have good alternatives for the problems. We generally say these issues as new social risks, for examples long-term care, housing, child care and women s work and leave. Especially local governments both countries has problems in the aged society. For research I am focusing on how local governments resolve the problems both Korea and Japan. And I am interested in institutionalism as academic approaches, so I will apply methodology of this article for analysing between Korea and Japan in community welfare policy, especially community welfare plan. After 2000 year, Both Korea and Japan prepared for planning for community welfare by 2006 in Japan, 2007 in Korea. I participated building the plan for local government community welfare in Jecheon, small city. Also I have studied local government welfare policy for 20 years of Japan. So I try to compare with local government welfare plan between Korea and Japan by using methodology of institutionalism. This institutionalism generally uses in social sciences and governance researches. Institutionalism focuses on institutions and uses historical approaches, inductive perspective and comparative researches. And institutionalism explains how policy in government have used for social problems for goals, values, and network as governance. So I analyze goals of welfare policy, values, and path dependency in local government both Korea and Japan. In this study I am focusing processes in institutionalization for community welfare plan. Especially I handled local government community plan from 1st plan to 3rd plan recently both states according to process of institutionalization, from goal in policy, norm exposure, acceptance of norm, embedded norm, norm rationalization, crisis of institutions, reform, and new institution . Finally I found some points from analyzing these processes. First Korea still remain in path dependency, but Japan broke out pah dependency. And Japan built well-organized system for local government welfare policy, care systems in community included neighbourhood related each other. I suggest this systems for alternatives in our low fertility and aged society.