『아틀라스의 마녀』: 유토피아적 세계를 향한 개혁의지

박경화 ( Kyeong Hwa Park ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2015 현대영어영문학 Vol.59 No.2

Shelley’s whole life was devoted to making this world more livable without any oppression and injustice. To fulfill this object, he tried to enlighten the public with his writings and social and political activities. Therefore, his major long poems are about political and social reform. The Witch of Atlas is also this kind of poem. The Witch of Atlas is a humorous story of a mysterious and mythical witch who lives alone in her cave on Atlas’ mountain and creates a hermaphrodite with wings and no defect by strange art. By drifting with the hermaphrodite down mountain streams in a magic boat, she would pass at night among the cities on the Nile to watch the slumberers observing human hearts. She would cause the spirits of the good to mingle with her own, or give them panaceas, or turn their deaths into dreamy trances. For the people who live in the slaves of custom, she would raise dreams that mock the purposes of their lives. Therefore, this poem appears somewhat to be fantastic and mythic far from real world which needs reform. However, Shelley tries to reform repressive social and political system, old convention and tyranny through this poem. The witch possess the qualities and knowledge that could lift people out of their inert slavery by making them desire a better life and by showing them the means to attain it. In the end, the witch tries to change this unfair and oppressive society into an utopian world. (Hannam University)

『줄리안과 마달로; 하나의 대화』에 나타난 회의적 갈등

박경화 ( Park Kyeong-hwa ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2018 현대영어영문학 Vol.62 No.2

From 1811 to 1816, Shelley's reading in philosophy was largely skeptics, so he was influenced by skeptical thoughts. Naturally these thoughts formed the basis of his poetry as well as his ideas. In his early poems, Shelley mostly tried to express his desire for an ideal human life and for the achievement of human freedom in society in spite of the contradiction between reality and ideals. Over time, however, he identified discrepancies between his idealism and external reality, so he expressed this skepticism about idealism in Julian and Madallo. Shelley wrote Julian and Maddalo to review and to reconsider the problems of idealism through a dialogue between Julian, who believes in idealism, and Maddalo, who is a pessimist. Thus, Shelley shows through this poem that he is undergoing his own conflict of his idealistic optimism. However, Shelley's skeptical conflict strengthens his hope for the reform of society by scrupulously examining the world with a more realistic view whilst not avoiding reality. In the end, he does not neglect his responsibility as a poet to make the world a better one. (Hannam University)

셸리의 『첸치 일가』: 근친상간 폭력과 파멸

박경화 ( Kyeong Hwa Park ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2009 현대영어영문학 Vol.53 No.2

『유게니언 언덕에서 쓰여 진 시』: 시적 창조력을 통한 실존상황 인식과 재생력

박경화 ( Park Kyeong-hwa ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2017 현대영어영문학 Vol.61 No.4

Lines Written among the Euganean Hills is the first major poem written by Shelley in Italy. In this poem, Shelley articulates his concept of Italy as the ‘Paradise of exiles.’ Therefore, Italy would have not only made a forceful impression on him but also would have also affected his poetic creativity. Thus, it is valuable to study the effect Italy had on his poetic influence to understand fully his poems from a more diverse perspectives. In Lines Written among the Euganean Hills, the speaker of this poem whilst on the Euganean hills reflects on the conditions of human existence and came to the conclusion that human misery is a basic condition of the world. Shelley describes this predicament of a human being as a ‘sea of misery.’ However, at the same time Shelley also postulates the existence of ‘many a green isle’ amid the ‘sea of misery.’ This statement suggests that Shelley strongly believes that humans have a regenerative power to overcome the many difficult situations which we inevitably have to confront in this world. As a result, in Lines Written among the Euganean Hills, Shelley communicates his strong belief that our lives would not end with his predicament of a ‘sea of misery’. Instead the world could be made into a better place with our regenerative power. (Hannam University)

ICT 활용 프로젝트 교수ㆍ학습 설계

박경화(Kyeong-Hwa Park),이성주(Sung-Joo Lee),정현숙(Hyun-Suk Chung) 한국멀티미디어학회 2007 한국멀티미디어학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2007 No.2

『미모사』: 현상계 너머 존재하는 실재의 탐색

박경화 ( Kyeong Hwa Park ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2015 현대영어영문학 Vol.59 No.4

Plato contributed to Shelley`s thought and his philosophy satisfied both Shelley`s intellectual and spiritual needs. As a result, Plato`s influence is seen throughout his major poems. The Sensitive Plant written earlier in 1820 is one of these poems which are strongly influenced by Plato`s Idea theory. The poem takes the form of fable and is the story of a perfect Lady`s life and death told from the viewpoint of one of the plants in her garden. Nature in the first two parts of The Sensitive Plant is overtly represented as a paradisiacal springtime order that becomes the figurative counterpart of heavenly perfection. However, suddenly before the first leaf looked brown, the Lady in the garden died and all of these lovely and perfectly good plants die. Consequently, the garden looks desolate without any hope for vitality and life. However, the conclusion of this poem suggests that all these last events might not be true at all. Perhaps, in the realm of decay and mutability, human beings have changed not the Lady and the sensitive plant. It is not in Nature but in ourselves and in our own obscure organs of perception that the alteration inheres. Therefore, Shelley suggests that because the five senses and human reason are limited and fallible, the truth and reality are beyond human apprehension or understanding. The modest creed expressed at the end of The sensitive plant is shelley`s declaration that he is unwilling to accept as final the verdict of limited human senses and fallible human reason. (Hannam University)

마리아 기스본에게 보내는 편지: 시적 창조력과 시의 사회변혁 기능

박경화 ( Kyeong Hwa Park ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2016 현대영어영문학 Vol.60 No.2

Letter to Maria Gisborne is a verse letter to Shelley’s friend, Maria Gisborne, who was visiting London in the summer of 1820. Letter to Maria Gisborne is most memorable for its descriptions of the literary figures the Gisbornes will encounter in England. They are William Godwin, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Leigh Hunt, Thomas Hogg, Thomas Peacock and Horace Smith. They are not only Shelley’s best friends but also intellectual people who were influential in forming his political views and poetic insight. With his own philosophical and poetic thoughts, Shelley can correctly face corrupt situations of politics and society. For Shelley, the corrupt unjust world acts as a source of poetic creativity as well as an active transformative process for reformation. Therefore, Shelley transforms those venal situations into the source of his poems, so poets who are isolated from society because of opposite attitude from the dominant value of the period and received unjust evaluation from critics can find strong dynamic power from oppressed reality and show the people future possibility for a better humankind. (Hannam University)

「몽블랑」: 인간과 자연의 상호작용을 통한 힘의 이해

박경화 ( Kyeong Hwa Park ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2013 현대영어영문학 Vol.57 No.3

In “Mont Blanc”, Shelley explores the relation between the human mind and the universe. Therefore, much of modern critical attention has focused on the human mind`s understanding of itself in relation to Nature and to any ultimate source of Power. To find the hidden Power within the world, human mind and Nature actively interact. This is the characteristic of “Mont Blanc” compared with other romantic nature poems which usually dealt with nature as a magnificent creature of the powerful God. By contemplating Mont Blanc and with the interaction between human mind and Nature, the speaker of this poem finally realizes the true nature of the Power, which is the source of moving universe and of dominating the order of man and Nature. In the last three lines of “Mont Blanc,” Shelley explains the ultimate Power of things can be found in the symbol of the mountain and only human minds` imaginings can find it. Therefore, imagining human mind`s mutual understanding enables us to understand the Power of the mountain and by finishing “Mont Blanc” with a rhetorical question, Shelley emphasizes the infinitive human mind. (Hannam University)

고등학생의 자아분화와 자기침묵이 성적 자기주장에 미치는 영향

박경화(Kyeong-Hwa Park),김형균(Hyung-Gyun Kim) 공주교육대학교 초등교육연구원 2022 敎育論叢 Vol.59 No.4

본 연구는 고등학생의 자아분화와 자기침묵이 성적 자기주장에 미치는 영향을 검증하여, 고등학생의 성적 자기주장 향상을 위한 개입과 발달단계에 맞는 성교육 프로그램 개발의 기초 자료를 제공하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구를 위해 대전시, 세종시, 충남지역 소재 고등학교에 재학 중인 358명을 대상으로 설문지를 배부하였으며, 회수된 질문지 중에서 355부를 연구에 활용하였다. 수집된 자료는 IBM SPSS 21.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 독립표본 t검정, 일원배치 분산분석, 상관관계분석, 단순회귀분석, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성별에 따른 고등학생의 자아분화 및 자기침묵, 성적 자기주장의 차이를 살펴보면, 남학생이 여학생보다 자아분화 수준이 높으며, 자기침묵 성향은 여학생이 남학생보다 높게 나타났으며, 성적 자기주장은 성별 차이가 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 고등학생의 자아분화 수준과 자기침묵 수준에 따른 성적 자기주장의 차이를 살펴본 결과, 자아분화 수준이 높은 집단일수록 성적 자기주장의 수준도 높았다. 반면, 자기침묵 수준이 높은 집단이 성적 자기주장 수준은 낮았다. 셋째, 고등학생의 자아분화가 성적 자기주장에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 자아분화가 성적 자기주장에 유의한 정(+)적 영향을 미쳤으며, 이는 자아분화 수준이 높을수록 성적 자기주장 수준도 높아진다는 것을 알 수 있다. 넷째, 고등학생의 자기침묵이 성적 자기주장에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 자기침묵이 성적 자기주장에 유의한 부(-)적 영향을 미쳤으며, 이는 자기침묵 수준이 높을수록 성적 자기주장 수준이 낮아진다는 것을 알 수 있다. 다섯째, 고등학생의 자아분화와 자기침묵이 성적 자기주장에 미치는 상대적 영향을 살펴본 결과, 성적 자기주장에 미치는 자아분화의 영향력만 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 자아분화가 성적 자기주장에 매우 유의미한 영향을 주고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서, 청소년들의 건강한 성 의식과 올바른 가치관을 정립하기 위하여 성교육 프로그램을 구성할 때, 자아분화 수준을 높일 수 있는 프로그램을 병행하여 성적 자기주장 수준을 올릴 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다. 이상의 결론을 바탕으로 다음에 수행될 고등학생의 자아분화와 자기침묵, 성적 자기주장에 관한 후속 연구에서는 자아분화 척도의 하위요인인 자아통합의 신뢰도를 높이고, 연구대상의 일반적 특성을 좀 더 세분화하며, 자녀의 자아분화 수준을 높일 수 있는 부모교육의 연구와 청소년의 성적 자기주장 향상을 위한 다양한 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다. The purpose of this study was to provide basic data on the development of sex education programs suitable for the intervention and development stage of high school students' sexual self-assertion by verifying the effect of self-differentiation and self-silence on sexual self-assertion. For this study, questionnaires were distributed to 358 first, second, and third graders enrolled in high schools in Daejeon, Sejong, and Chungnam, and 355 of the collected questionnaires were used for the study. The collected data were independent sample t-test, one-way batch variance analysis, correlation analysis, simple regression analysis, and multiple regression analysis using the IBM SPSS 21.0 statistical program. The summary of the results of this study were as follows. First, looking at the differences in self-differentiation, self-silence, and sexual self-assertion of high school students by gender, male students had higher levels of self-differentiation than female students, female students had higher self-silent tendencies than male students, and sexual self-assertion had no sexual self-assertion. Second, as a result of examining the difference in sexual self-assertion according to the level of self-differentiation and self-silence of high school students, the higher the level of sexual self-assertion. Third, as a result of examining the effect of self-differentiation in high school students on sexual self-assertion, it can be seen that self-differentiation had a significant positive (+) effect on sexual self-assertion, and the higher the level of self-differentiation, the higher the level of sexual self-assertion. Fourth, as a result of examining the effect of high school students' self-silence on sexual self-assertion, it can be seen that self-silence had a significant negative (-) effect on sexual self-assertion, which decreases the level of sexual self-assertion. Fifth, as a result of examining the relative effects of high school students' self-differentiation and self-silence on sexual self-assertion, only the influence of self-differentiation on sexual self-assertion was found to be significant. Through this study, it was found that self-differentiation had a very significant effect on sexual self-assertion. Therefore, when organizing sex education programs to establish healthy sexual consciousness and correct values of adolescents, it is necessary to raise the level of sexual self-assertion by combining programs that can increase the level of self-differentiation. Based on the above conclusions, it is necessary to increase the reliability of self-integration, which is a sub-factor of the self-differentiation scale, in subsequent studies on self-differentiation, self-silence, and sexual self-assertion of high school students. In addition, various parent education studies that can further subdivide the general characteristics of the study subjects and increase the level of self-differentiation of children and various studies to improve adolescents' sexual self-assertion are needed.

원저 : 혈소판 성분채집의 사전검사에 사용하는 자동혈구계산기 비교 평가 보고

김대성 ( Doe Seong Kim ),고중석 ( Joong Seok Koh ),서무원 ( Mu Won Seo ),박경화 ( Kyeong Hwa Park ) 대한임상병리사협회 2003 임상수혈검사학회 발표자료집 Vol.8 No.1

Which can kind of a cell counter use usefully with SDP? We recognized and the linearity according to the dilution scale factor. We analyzed a parameter correlation of an each counter. We were an operation method comparison assessment of an each cell counter. The comparison evaluated an accuracy precision of the result to be measured.