지자체 농촌마을 공동급식의 실태와 과제 : 충청남도를 중심으로

박경철(Park, Kyong Cheol) 한국농촌사회학회 2020 農村社會 Vol.30 No.1

농촌마을의 과소 · 고령화의 심화로 인해 마을 공동급식(공동식사)의 필요성이 높아가고 있다. 더욱이 이 사업의 긍정적인 효과로 인해 일부 지자체는 2012년부터 농번기에 한해 농촌마을 공동급식 지원 사업을 시작했다. 이후 지역주민의 호응으로 전남도, 충남도 등 타 지자체로 확산되고 있는 추세이다. 하지만 농촌마을 공동급식은 급식지원 인력, 운영 자금의 부족, 식사 관리 등 여러 어려움을 겪고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 농촌마을의 과소 · 고령화로 점점 활력을 잃어가고 있는 상황에서 농촌마을 공동급식의 현황과 문제점을 파악하고 개선 방안을 도출하고자 했다. 특히 농사일과 가사 노동이라는 이중의 부담을 앉고 있는 여성농민의 가사 부담을 경감시켜주고 고령농가의 고립과 음식 불균형 문제를 해결하고 나아가 공동체 활성화에 기여하고자 현재 실시되고 있는 농촌마을 공동급식 지원 사업의 실태와 문제점을 파악해 이를 활성화할 수 있는 방안을 모색했다. 결론적으로 농촌마을 공동급식의 활성화를 위해서는 지자체가 농촌마을 공동급식 사업을 주민의 복지 증진 차원에서 확대할 필요가 있으며 기간도 농번기에서 다른 시기까지 확대할 필요가 있다. 무엇보다 지자체가 농촌마을 공동급식을 공공급식의 영역으로 확대하고 이를 꾸준히 지원할 필요가 있다. Due to the population reduction and aging of rural villages, the need for community meals is increasing. In addition, due to the positive effects of this project, some local governments began the community meal support project in rural village in 2012. Since then, it has been spreading to other local governments such as Jeonnam-do and Chungnam-do due to the response of local residents. However, village meals (community meals) suffer from various problems such as lack of meal management manpower, lack of operating funds, lack of meal meal management skills. Therefore, this study tried to understand the current status and problems of community meals in rural villages and to find ways to improve it in the situation of losing vitality due to the aging and reduction of population in rural villages of Chungchengnam-do. In particular, the community meal support programs in rural villages by many local governments have been implementing to alleviate the double burden of women farmers who are burdened with farming and household work, to solve the problems of isolation and food imbalances of older farmers, and to contribute to the community activities. In this background, we identified the problem and found ways to activate it. In conclusion, in order to revitalize community meals in the rural village, the local government needs to expand the rural village common meal project in order to improve the welfare of the residents, and the period needs to be expanded from the agricultural season to another period. Above all, it is necessary for local governments to expand the rural village community meals to the area of public meals and continue to support them.

시진핑 삼농사상의 형성과 발전: 탈빈곤에서 생태문명 건설까지

박경철 ( Park Kyong Cheol ) 국민대학교 중국지식네트워크 2019 중국지식네트워크 Vol.13 No.-

1990년대 말부터 정식으로 제기된 삼농문제는 이후 후진타오(胡錦濤) 정부에서 처음으로 중요 정책으로 받아들여졌다. 그 결과 중국의 삼농문제는 2003년부터 <중공중앙 1호문건>으로 채택되어 후진타오 집권 10년 동안 삼농문제를 중공중앙의 제1의 과제로 채택해 많은 개혁적인 조치를 단행했다. 그 후, 후진타오의 뒤를 이은 시진핑 또한 그의 집권 이후 줄곧 <중공중앙 1호문건>을 통해 삼농문제를 당중앙과 국무원이 가장 우선 해결해야 할 과제로 설정해 노력할 것을 당부했다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 첫째, 시진핑이 왜 삼농문제를 중요시 하는지 그 배경을 살펴보고, 둘째, 구체적으로 삼농문제 해결에 대한 그의 가치관과 태도, 그리고 정책 방향을 살펴보고, 마지막으로는 삼농문제 해결을 넘어 최근 그가 주장하는 생태문명 건설의 배경과 구체적인 내용, 그리고 시사점을 살펴봤다. 결론적으로 시진핑은 후진타오의 삼농정책을 계승해 농촌의 빈곤문제를 해결하기 위해 향촌진흥 정책을 적극 추진하면서도 일방적인 경제성장이 목표로 하는 성장이 아닌 환경보존을 바탕으로 한 발전을 추구한다는 점에서 중국 삼농발전에 새로운 화두를 제시했다고 할 수 있다. After reported formally since the end of the 1990s, the san-nong(三農) issues were firstly accepted as a core policy by the government of Hu Jintao. As a result, China's san-nong(三農) issues were adopted as the document No.1 of CCP Central Committee during the decade of Hu Jin-tao' s reign since 2003. After that time, Xi Jin-ping, as the successor of Hu Jintao, has also called on the CCP and the State to make efforts to resolve the san-nong (三農) issues. In this paper, therefore, firstly, the background of why he has been so interested in the san-nong(三農) issues were examined. Secondly, his values, attitude, and policy directions for resolving the san-nong(三農) issues were investigated in detail. Finally, the background and concrete contents, and implications of the ecological civilization construction he has insisted on in recent over resolving the san-nong(三農) issues were examined.

후진타오 시기 3농정책의 성과와 한계 그리고 시사점

박경철 ( Kyong Cheol Park ) 현대중국학회 2014 現代中國硏究 Vol.16 No.1

본 연구는 지난 후진타오 정부(2003-2013)의 가장 핵심 정책 중의 하나인 3농정책의 성과와 한계 그리고 시사점을 제시하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 먼저 3농정책의 성과를 크게 경제적, 사회·복지적, 제도적 측면에서 살펴봤다. 먼저, 경제적 성과로는 농가별 소득과 소비수준의 향상, 엥겔지수의 하락, 그리고 3농 관련 재정의 확충 등이 있었다. 두 번째, 사회·복지적 성과로는 최저생활보장제도의 실시와 의료보장제도의 확대가 있었다. 마지막 제도적 성과 측면에서는 농업세 폐지, 사회주의신농촌건설 추진, 신형 농촌합작의료제도의 확대 실시를 설명했다. 이에 반해, 3농정책의 한계점으로는 도농소득 격차의 확대, 농촌에서의 난개발과 토지 수탈,여전히 열악한 농촌의료복지 실태를 지적했다. 하지만 본 연구에서는 후진타오 정부 10년 동안 3농문제 해결에 관한 일관된 정책집행으로 3농문제 해결에 토대를 마련했고 이를 시진핑 정부에서도 계속 이어갈 것으로 전망했다. This study is to investigate the achievements, limits and implications of san-nong(農) policies, that is, one of the most critical policies in the period of Hu-jintao regime(2003-2013). To do this, economic, social and welfare, and institutional achievements were previously analysed. First, in terms of economic achievements, there were the improvements of farmers’ income and consumption levels, including the decrease of Engel index and the large expansion of finance related to agricultural policies. Second, in terms of social and welfare achievements, there were the implementation of the minimum living security system(最低生活保障制度) and the expansion of new rural cooperative medical system(農村合作醫療制度). Last, in terms of institutional achievements, there were the abolition of agricultural taxes, the implementation of ‘building a new socialist countryside’(社會 主義新農村建設), and the expansion of new rural cooperative medical system. In contrast, the limitations of san-nong policies were pointed by the expansion of urban-rural income’s gap, the disordered development and exploitation against rural land, and the poor services of health and welfare in countryside. But, it is expected that san-nong policies will be also continued in the period of Xi-jinping regime, who wrote the doctoral dissertation concerning 『China’s rural marketization』, on the base of consistent enforcement of san-nong policies in the period of 10years of Hu-jintao regime.

우리나라 경관농업의 실태와 발전 방안

박경철(Kyong-cheol Park) 한국농어촌관광학회 2007 농어촌관광연구 Vol.14 No.1

This study aims to search for development schemes of scenic agriculture which has been recently expanded after pilot program of direct payment for scenic agriculture of government in 2005. The main data were collected not only by monitoring this program being carried out in Gochang county which is famous for special district for scenic agriculture, but also by reviewing statistic data concerning this program aggregated by MAF(the ministry of Agriculture and fishery). The result of this study can be summarized as follows; first, scenic agriculture is playing the important role in creating added values such as rural tourism as well as preserving agriculture. Second, direct payment for scenic agriculture must be expanded and supported to the direction of diversification of scenic crops and flowers. Last, to be most important, residents’ participation is essential in enlarging this program by which they can make their villages beautiful and attractive by themselves.

지역축제의 농촌지역활성화 사례 연구

박경철(Kyong Cheol Park) 한국농촌사회학회 2006 農村社會 Vol.16 No.1

농촌기본소득제 도입에 관한 탐색적 연구

박경철(Kyong-Cheol Park),한승석(Seung-Seok Han) 한국농촌지도학회 2021 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.28 No.2

Under the premise of unbalanced development between urban and rural areas, this study raised criticism that the balanced national development policies in South Korea, which had been promoted in earnest after ‘the Participatory Government’ has adversely deepened the development gap between urban and rural areas by promoting the development of urban. In the meantime, the agricultural economy that supported the rural economy has gradually collapsed after reckless market opening, and due to the balanced national development policy focusing on urban infrastructure construction, rural areas are facing a crisis of ‘depopulation’ and ‘regional extinction.’ For this reason, many local governments have recently recognized the public values of agriculture and have introduced ‘agrarian basic income’ for the sustainability of agriculture. However, there is a limit to overcoming the crisis in rural areas because the population of farmers among rural residents is only 25%. Therefore, this study proposes the necessity of introducing the basic income for rural residents as a new paradigm for balanced development between urban and rural areas beyond the existing policy limits, based on surveys of opinions of residents living in Chungchengnam-do, South Korea and experts on the introduction of ’basic income for rural residents’ in the future.

중국 농촌합작체계의 형성과 전개(1919-1958) -서구 공상적 사회주의와 협동조합사상의 영향을 중심으로-

박경철 ( Kyong Cheol Park ) 한국농촌지도학회 2011 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.18 No.4

This study is mainly to investigate the influences of both Western`s utopian socialism and cooperatives ideas on the process of China`s rural cooperation from 1919(the occurrence of 5.4 movement) to 1958(the completion of People`s commune). To accomplish this, first, we will discuss that how these two ideas emerged as an alternative to Western capitalism in the before/early 20th century were introduced into China and how these ideas effected on the process of the China`s Communist Revolution. Then, we will review the process of China`s rural cooperation during the 1950s` new socialist nation-building period since the foundation of New China(1949), the sharp debates about rural cooperation in the process of its realization, and the reasons of radically promoting rural cooperation in the late 1950s. Finally, through these debates and experiences regarding rural cooperation in rural China during 1919-1958, any implications in solving rural cooperation problems of contemporary China facing difficulties will be provided.

농민기본소득제 도입에 관한 탐색적 연구 - 충청남도를 중심으로 -

박경철(Kyong Cheol Park) 한국농촌지도학회 2016 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study is to analyze the trends of basic income guarantee of which the discussion has been spreadingin recent years and to explore the feasibility of this system in the rural areas of Chungchengnam-do. Basic Income Guarantee means a system in which all members of society could take regular incomes which is at a minimum necessaryfor their life without any conditions, and it is already introduced or being currently discussed in several countries andregions such as USA, Switzerland, Namibia. In Korea, it is currently claimed that breakthrough policy such as basicincome guarantee for farmers should be introduced for farmers or rural residents who are facing the challenges of thedouble, namely the reduction of farm incomes and rural population due to the expansion of global free trade such as WTO and FTA since 1990s. Therefore, the policy considerations and suggestions for implementing the basic income guarantee for farmers in Chungcheongnam-do is explained in this paper.

중국 향촌관광의 발전 특성과 의의

박경철(Kyong-Cheol Park) 한국농촌지도학회 2016 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.23 No.3

The purposes of this research are to not only investigate the time-based and regional characteristics in process of development of rural tourism in China, but also explain the significances of rural tourism in China by economic-political significance and social-cultural significance. The characteristics and significances investigated throughout this research are as follows. First, the development of rural tourism in China can be divided by three stages: the first stage(1980-1990), the second stage(1990-2000), the third stage (2000 -). Second, the rural tourism in China has been mainly developed around the metropolitan city such as Beijing, Chengdu. But, they showed different characteristics in process of development of rural tourism. Third, rural tourism in China has been used in solving san-nong(三農) problems which are the most urgent issues in contemporary China and reducing the gaps of living standard between urban and rural area. Forth, rural tourism in China has contributed in satisfying the needs of travel and leisure caused by the improvement of living standard of people due to China s rapid economic growth. Last, it is suggested in this research that the legal and institutional systems be prepared to guarantee the benefits of farmers.

농촌과 도시지역 주민간 지역사회 친밀도 비교 연구

박경철 ( Kyong Cheol Park ),김성수 ( Sung Soo Kim ) 한국농촌지도학회 2002 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study were to compare the community attachment rural and urban communities, and suggest directions for community development plans of rural and urban communities in Korea. The data for this study were collected from two communities(n-285), one from Gochang representing rural community, located in Jeonbuk province(n=142), and the other from Suwon city representing urban community located in Gyunggi province(n=143), utilizing questionnaire. The major finding of this study were as follows; 1)Community attachment was significantly higher in community than in urban community, and the linear development model was more appropriate to explain the results of the study. 2)Community attachment appeared to be significantly related to social bonds, community participation, social trust, community economical activities, and social and cultural environment. 3)In general, determinants such as number of acquaintances, price of cultural heritages of residence, trust for local government, good traffic environment, job satisfaction, etc. explained 55.5% in rural and urban communities.