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류근원,김근한,김혜영,전철민,Ryu, Keun-Won,Kim, Geun-Han,Kim, Hye-Young,Jun, Chul-Min 한국공간정보학회 2007 한국공간정보시스템학회 논문지 Vol.9 No.3
The noise problem is one of the major problems associated with large cities and is considered important factor not only in maintenance but also in development of cities. Accordingly, the noise map is being increasingly used in city planning and design. However, the existing two-dimensional noise maps only show regional, planar distribution of noise. This study presented a method to build a data model for analyzing and visualizing noise levels at fine scale considering the vertical distribution of noise in a building. By expanding the 2D topology concept used in conventional GIS to 3D, it suggested a 3D GIS data model that makes 3D spatial queries, analyses and visualization possible and applied the proposed approach to building a 3D noise information system. By building and testing the system, the study showed different functionalities including 3D spatial queries and 3D visualization of noise levels varying temporally or according as the height of sound-proof walls. In each case, the population exposed to noise was quantitatively computed to illustrate the potential in the areas of city planning and design. 소음문제는 대도시 환경문제 중 주요한 문제 중의 하나로 관심이 높으며, 도시계획과 설계분야에 소음지도의 활용이 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 그러나, 기존의 2D 소음지도는 주로 평면적인 소음분포만을 나타내고 있어 최근 고층화, 대형화 되어가는 건물의 각 공간에 대한 미시적 소음분석 및 시각화에는 한계를 갖고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 평면적이고 지역적인 소음분포의 표현에만 머무르고 있는 기존 소음지도의 한계점을 인지하고 소음의 수직적인 분포를 고려하여 공간단위의 소음분석 및 시각화를 위한 데이터모델을 제시하였다. GIS의 토폴로지 구조를 3차원으로 확장함으로써 3차원 공간분석 및 공간단위 시각화가 가능한 3차원 GIS 데이터모델을 제안하고 이를 3차원 소음정보시스템에 적용하고자 하였다. 간단한 3차원 소음정보시스템을 구축하여 3차원 공간질의, 시간대별 3차원 소음시각화, 방음벽의 높이에 따른 소음의 변화량을 시뮬레이션하고 각각의 경우 소음노출가구 및 인구를 정량적으로 산정함으로써 도시계획 및 설계분야에서의 활용가능성을 예시하였다.
류근원 대한의사협회 2015 대한의사협회지 Vol.58 No.3
Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for gastric cancer was started from the early 1990s as laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG). Currently, laparoscopic gastrectomy is the most popular surgical option in early gastric cancer (EGC) treatment. However, its application in advanced gastric cancer is still controversial and several clinical trials are ongoing. Another surgical tool for gastric cancer surgery is the robot. Robotic surgery is currently performed in a limited number of patients, primarily due to its high cost in Korea. Its safety is estimated to be equivalent to that of laparoscopic surgery, but its cost effectiveness is still controversial. To improve post-operative gastrointestinal function, modified gastrectomy procedures like pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) and proximal gastrectomy with double tract anastomosis have been tried but are still controversial. For minimizing gastric resection, wedge resection in EGC is proposed, applying the sentinel node (SN) concept, and this technique is now in clinical trials. Various approaches of MIS are now being trialed in gastric cancer patients in an attempt to identify strategies for improving surgical outcomes and patients’ quality of life.