Paracoccus denitrificans 독립영양균에 의한 폐수의 탈질화 특성

김철경 ( Chul Kyung Kim ) 한국수처리학회 2011 한국수처리학회지 Vol.19 No.5

The experiment in which biological wastewater treatment for nitrogen removal needed carbon source to nitrification and denitrification reaction proposed to figure out economical way. In nitrogen removal experiment, energy is provided from Fe oxidation without supplying any carbon source by Paracoccus denitrificans. As the result of culturing the inorganic medium which Fe powder was dispersed, initial concentration of 43 ppm nitrate was removed more than 98% by culturing about 190 hours. The result of three cases in comparison with Fe chip and dispersed cell, immobilized and dispersed cell of Fe powder, and immobilized powder and cell relatively showed the high removal efficiency of nitrate in terms of the form of cell dispersion. When Fe powder and cell were cultured in the tubular reactor by using of immobilized bead, the high concentration of 870 ppm nitrate had been removed more than 75% after 48 hours. The variation of concentration for nitrate and nitrite in the reactor, new culture medium was continuously supplied, showed more than 94% of removal efficiency by dropping nitrate concentration to 3 ppm after culturing for 96 hours. In the experiment, basic data acquired for introduction to autotrophic denitrification method through checking the efficiency of nitrogen removal by Paracoccus denitrificans.

빗물 집수 및 저장 시스템 개선과 수질 분석 모니터링

김철경(Chul Kyung Kim) 한국청정기술학회 2011 청정기술 Vol.17 No.4

빗물 활용은 건전한 물 순환 개념에서 중요하며, 신도시 개발 등으로 증가되는 불투수면의 증대에 따른 영향을 해소시키는 방법 중의 하나가 되므로 빗물 처리 시스템의 개선을 통한 수질 개선 방안을 연구하였다. 대전서남부지구의 개발 전 빗물 유출계수는 0.40이었으나 개발 후의 유출계수는 0.59로 산정되었다. 필터를 통과한 우수의 Cu, As, Cr, Fe, Mn 등 중금속 함량은 지하수의 중금속 함량보다 양호하였으며, 집수된 빗물의 수질은 경도, 과망간산칼륨소비량, 염소이온, 증발잔류물, 황산이온, 질산성질소 등의 항목에서는 지하수의 수질보다 양호한 것을 보여 주었으며, 중수도 수질기준을 충족시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 100일 이상 장기 저장 시에도 화장실 용수, 조경 용수 등으로 적합하였다. 종전의 빗물집수 시스템에 덮개가 있는 gutter 설치, 적합한 필터 사용 및 저장조의 지하설치 등으로 시스템을 개선하면 집수되는 수질을 100일 정도 양호하게 유지할 수 있는 것을 확인하였다. In our nature, the utilization of rainwater is essential for healthy water recirculation. This is one of the solutions of the increment of impermeability surface according to the development of new cities; this study of the improvement of rainwater quality has been carried on through the improvement of collecting and restoring system of rainwater. The southwestern region of Daejeon City, the rainwater coefficient of run off was 0.40 and this number had computed to 0.59 after the development. After filtration of rainwater, the heavy metal (Cu, As, Cr, Fe, Mn) contents level were lower than underground water. Moreover, collected rainwater showed better quality than underground water in following criteria; hardness, permanganate consumption quality, chloride, evaporation residue, sulfates and nitrate nitrogen. This water quality met the gray water quality standards. The rainwater quality was still suitable to use as bathroom flushing and gardening after 100 days of storage. This study proved that modification (installation of cover with gutter to existing rainwater collection system, proper filtering, and installation of underground storage tank) of collection system could improve quality of water and maintain this approximately 100 days.

토양생물반응기내 Toluene의 분해 특성

김철경(Chul Kyung Kim) 한국청정기술학회 2002 청정기술 Vol.8 No.4

키토산을 이용한 인공피부 관련 특허 동향

김철경 ( Chul Kyung Kim ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2011 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.16 No.4

This study was aimed to get information about artificial skin made of chitosan as its main material. The study analyzed the patent trends of the technology related to artificial skin made of chitosan by selecting some patents in Korea, Japan, U.S.A., and Europe. The survey of patent trends showed that the number of applications increased from 1987 up to 2006, but since then the number of applications decreased. The number of applications of Fuji Film in Japan was highest. The application activity of Japan and Korea was active whereas the number of applications of U.S.A. and Europe were comparatively low. The patents related to artificial skin focused on chitosan has already turned into the period of maturity. Accordingly, it is expected hereafter that the patent applications and R & D for producing biomimetic derma scaffolds will be appeared.

와유형 Polyether sulfone 막을 이용한 매립지 침출수 처리 공정의 특성에 관한 연구

김철경 ( Chul Kyung Kim ),김장규 ( Jang Kyu Kim ) 한국수처리학회 2012 한국수처리학회지 Vol.20 No.6

UF and NF are still researched variously as a pretreatment process of reverse osmosis membrane process. In this study, UF module was reviewed of the validity for configuration of UF combined with RO process to treat the landfill leachate. To improve of the risks followed while pretreatment of sand filter process, UF membrane was being used with vortex generating type, and it manufactured by polyester sulfone material. In order to obtain optimum flux from vortex generating type of membrane module process as a pretreatment of the RO process, the influence of operating pressure and fouling was examined. The consequence of UF membrane pretreatment process, more than 99% of SS removed optimized optimized operating pressure of 2 kg/cm² was the most suitable condition, the highest flux condition was selected with 85% recovery rate.

키토산-폴리비닐알코올-알지네이트 하이브리드 지지체의 특성

김철경 ( Chul Kyung Kim ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2010 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.15 No.3

This study focused on the application of chitosan, poly vinyl alcohol, or alginate hybrid scaffold that were blended in five different ratios without using cross-linking agent by solvent blending and heating method. Blending ratios (A, B, C, D, and E) of chitosan/ PVA/ alginate were 5/90/5, 10/80/10, 15/80/5, 20/75/5, and 20/70/10, respectively, and their physicochemical properties were investigated using SEM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, and Universal Testing Machine. The results showed that C type hybrid scaffold (chitosan, PVA, and alginate mixed ratio of 15/80/5) showed the highest thermal stability, diffraction pattern, tensile, micro separation strength and Young`s modulus, as suitable scaffold for cell and tissue engineering materials.

충전층 반응기내에서 고정된 Pseudomonas aeruginosa에 의한 Cd²⁺의 제거

최광수,김철경,Choi, Kwang Soo,Kim, Chul Kyung 한국청정기술학회 2002 청정기술 Vol.8 No.4

본 연구에서는 수직 원통형 충전반응기(packed-bed column reactor)내에 균체가 고정화된 Ca-alginate bead를 넣어 카드뮴이온을 제거하는데 있어 반응기내로 유입되는 유속, 초기농도 등에서 카드뮴 이온($Cd^{2+}$) 제거하는데 최적 조건을 찾고자 하였다. 사용된 균주(Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853)는 한국과학기술원 유전공학센터 유전자은행(KCTC)으로부터 구입하였고, Bead로 사용된 Ca-alginate bead는 Sodium Alginate에 균체와 $CaCl_2$를 섞어 제조한 것을 사용하였다. 실험 결과 동일조건일 때 유속이 30 mL/hr > 45 mL/hr > 60 mL/hr의 순서로 제거율이 좋았고 유입속도의 변화에도 불구하고 각 유속에서 50 ppm > 100 ppm > 200 ppm > 300 ppm의 순으로 좋은 제거율을 보였다. The effects of initial cadmium ion concentrations (50, 100, 200, 300ppm), and feeding velocities (30, 45, 60mL/hr) on the removal ratio of cadmium ion by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 immobilized in Ca-alginate gel beads in a packed-bed column reactor were investigated at operating temperature $37^{\circ}C$. The removal ratio of cadmium ion with variable initial concentration was decreased in the following order : 50ppm > 100ppm > 200ppm > 300ppm. The optimum removal conditions of cadmium ion by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 were initial concentration 50ppm, feeding velocity 30mL/hr.

PET 필름기재의 구리 무전해도금에 있어서 초임계 CO₂ 유체가 도금 특성에 미치는 영향

이희대,김문선,김철경,Lee, Hee-Dai,Kim, Moon-Sun,Kim, Chul kyung 한국화학공학회 2007 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol. No.

In this study, electroless plating of copper was performed on PET film by using the blend of supercritical $CO_2$ and plating solution. The optimum volumetric ratio of supercritical fluid and plating solution was found to be 1:9 and dispersion property was poor at $CO_2$ vol% langer than 10%. Electroless plating of copper was best at $25^{\circ}C$ and 15 MPa. Role of added supercritical $CO_2$ is not to increase solubility but to disperse and maintain Cu-particles as the 1st particles. 본 연구는 $CO_2$ 초임계 유체를 도금액과 혼합하여 PET 필름 위에 무전해 구리도금을 실시하였으며 초임계 유체의 혼용조건에 따른 그 도금 효과를 비교하였다. 이산화탄소 초임계 유체와 도금액의 부피비는 1:9가 최적이였으며 초임계 유체가 10 vol% 이상이 되면 혼합액의 분산성이 불량해져 층분리가 발생하였다. 구리 무전해도금은 $25^{\circ}C$, 15 MPa 에서 수행된 구리막의 표면물성이 가장 균일하였다. 무전해 구리도금에서 도금액과 혼합시킨 초임계 유체의 역할은 단순히 용해도를 높여 주는 것이 아니라 도금막을 구성하는 구리입자를 1차 입자상태로 분산, 유지시킴을 확인하였다.

마이크로버블 오존 산화제와 공압파쇄 장치를 연계 적용한 지중 화학적 산화법의 정화효율 평가

오승택,오참뜻,김국진,석소희,김철경,임진환,유재봉,장윤영,Oh, Seung-Taek,Oh, Cham-Teut,Kim, Guk-Jin,Seok, So-Hee,Kim, Chul-Kyung,Lim, Jin-Hwan,Ryu, Jae-Bong,Chang, Yoon-Young 한국지하수토양환경학회 2012 지하수토양환경 Vol.17 No.4

A new type of chemical oxidation technology utilizing micro bubble ozone oxidizer and a pneumatic fracturing equipment was developed to enhance field applicability of a traditional chemical oxidation technology using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizer for in-situ soil remediation. To find an efficient way to dissolve gaseous ozone into hydrogen peroxide, ozone was injected into water as micro bubble form then dissolved ozone concentration and its duration time were measured compared to those of simple aeration of gaseous ozone. As a result, dissolved ozone concentration in water increased by 31% (1.6 ppm ${\rightarrow}$ 2.1 ppm) and elapsed time for which maximum ozone concentration decreased by half lengthened from 9 min to 33 min. When the developed pneumatic fracturing technology was applied in sandy loam, cracks were developed and grown in soil for 5~30 seconds so that the radius of influence got longer by 71% from 392 cm to 671 cm. The remediation system using the micro bubble ozone oxidizer and the pneumatic fracturing equipment for field application was made and demonstrated its remediation efficiency at petroleum contaminated site. The system showed enhanced remediation capacity than the traditional chemical oxidation technology using hydrogen peroxide with reduced remediation time by about 33%.

충전층 반응기내에서 고정된 Pseudomonas aeruginosa에 의한 Cd<SUP>2+</SUP>의 제거

최광수(Kwang Soo Choi),김철경(Chul Kyung Kim) 한국청정기술학회 2002 청정기술 Vol.8 No.4