자생 Tuber himalayense 자실체 추출물의 항염증 활성

김민경,홍혜현,김정환,김승영,김창무,Kim, Minkyeong,Hong, Hyehyun,Kim, Jung-Hwan,Kim, Seung-Young,Kim, Changmu 한국버섯학회 2021 한국버섯학회지 Vol.19 No.3

본 연구는 국내 참나무 생육지에서 채집된 송로버섯의 일종인 T. himalayense 자실체 추출물(TH)의 항염증 활성을 확인하였다. LPS로 유도된 RAW 264.7 대식세포를 대상으로 한 염증 억제 실험에서 TH는 100 ㎍/ml 이하의 농도에서 세포독성을 보이지 않았으며 LPS에 의해 증가된 NO와 PGE₂의 생성을 농도 의존적으로 억제하였다. Western blot 분석 결과로 볼 때, TH의 항염증 활성은 iNOS와 COX-2 유전자의 발현억제에 의해 NO와 PGE₂의 생성이 감소된 것으로부터 유발된 것임을 입증한다. 또한, TH가 대식세포에 의해 생산 및 분비되는 cytokine IL-1β와 IL-6의 생성을 효과적으로 저해함을 확인하였다. T. himalayense는 다양한 염증 매개체들의 과발현을 효과적으로 억제하며, 이를 표적으로 하는 항염증 관련 식품 및 의약품에 다양하게 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 추후 염증 예방 물질로 적용 될 수 있는 가능성을 높이기 위하여 염증성 작용 기전에 대한 자세한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity of an extract of the fruiting body of the Tuber himalayense (TH) truffle collected from oak growing areas in Korea was investigated. The extract was not cytotoxic at concentrations below 100 ㎍/mL in an experiment evaluating inflammation inhibitory effect in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE₂) production was inhibited by the extract in a concentration-dependent manner. Western blot assay results indicated that the anti-inflammatory activity of TH extract was likely caused by the reduced production of NO and PGE₂ via suppression of induced NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression. In addition, TH extract effectively inhibited the production of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 by macrophages. Thus, TH extract effectively inhibits the overexpression of various inflammatory mediators and could be valuable in formulating anti-inflammatory foods and medicines that target these components.

동해안 하조대와 경포대 해수욕장 주변 토양으로부터 분리한 국내 미기록 야생효모들의 균학적 특성과 생리활성

김하근 ( Ha-kun Kim ),김지윤 ( Ji-yoon Kim ),한상민 ( Sang-min Han ),김창무 ( Changmu Kim ),이종수 ( Jong-soo Lee ) 한국균학회 2019 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.47 No.3

우리나라 강원도 동해안 해수욕장 주변 토양의 야생효모들의 종 분포특성을 알아보고자 하조대와 경포대 해수욕장, 경포호수 주변 토양들로부터 야생효모들을 분리, 동정하였고, 이들 중 국내 미기록 효모들을 선별하여 이들의 균학적 특성과 생리활성 등을 조사하였다. 하조대 해수욕장 주변 토양 30점 시료들로부터 22종, 27균주의 야생효모들을 분리, 동정하였고 경포대 해수욕장 과 경포호수 주변 토양 45점에서Aureobasidium melanogenum JR 3-13을 포함하는 39종 55균주의 야생효모들을 분리하였다. 이들 두 해수욕장에서 분리한 야생효모들 중Cyberlindnera culbertsonii HJ31-1, Dothichiza pithyophila HJ22-4, Metschnikowia bicuspidata HJ16-1, Sakaguchia cladiensis HJ14-1, Aureobasidium melanogenum JR3-1, Diutina siamensis JR37-5, Metschnikowia colchici JR2-2, Pseudozyma pruni JR13-2, Sporophora toruliformis JR24-1과 Candida gelsemii DC35-1등 10균주들이 국내 미기록 효모들로 최종 선별되었다. 이들은 대부분 구형으로 출아법으로 영양증식을 하였고 Cyberlindnera culbertsonii HJ31-1, Metschnikowia bicuspidata HJ16-1, Sakaguchia cladiensis HJ14-1, Aureobasidium melanogenum JR3-1, Metschnikowia colchici JR2-2, Pseudozyma pruni JR13-2 과Sporophora toruliformis JR24-1등은 자낭포자를 형성하였다. Aureobasidium melanogenum JR3-1 등 4종의 미기록 효모들은 vitamin을 함유하지 않은 YPD 배지에서도 생육하였고 Cyberlindnera culbertsonii HJ31-1외에 9균주들이 20% 포도당을 함유한 YPD 배지에서 생육하는 내당성 효모들이었다. 이들 국내 미기록 야생효모들의 무세포추출물들중Diutina siamensis JR37-5균주가 30.9%의 가장 높은 tyrosinase 저해활성을 나타내었고Aureobasidium melanogenum JR3-1 균주도 20.3%의 tyrosinase 저해활성을 보였다. The goal of this study was to isolate and characterize the wild yeast strains in the soils of Hajodae and Gyungpodae Beaches, Gyungpo Lake in Kangwon-do, Korea and evaluate their anti-demential and tyrosinase inhibitory activities. Among the 27 yeast strains isolated from 30 soil samples from Hajodae Beach, Cyberlindnera culbertsonii HJ31-1, Dothichiza pithyophila HJ22-4, Metschnikowia bicuspidata HJ16-1, and Sakaguchia cladiensis HJ14-1 were recorded for the first time in Korea. Additionally, six of the 55 wild yeast strains isolated from 45 soil samples from Gyungpodae Beach and Gyungpo Lake had not previously been detected in Korea, such as Aureobasidium melanogenum JR3-1. The microbiological characteristics and anti-demential and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of these previously unrecorded yeasts were investigated. Almost all of them were oval-shaped and had ascospores except for Dothichiza pithyophila HJ22-4, Diutina siamensis JR37-5, and Canadida gelsemii DC 35-1. Furthermore, they were all sugar-tolerant and able to grow in 20% glucose-containing YPD broth, except for Cyberlindnera culbertsonii HJ31-1. Diutina siamensis JR37-5 had the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity (30.9%).

한국의 대표 곰팡이 100종과 한국명

최효원 ( Hyo-won Choi ),임영운 ( Young Woon Lim ),김명동 ( Myoung-dong Kim ),김자영 ( Jayoung Kim ),김창무 ( Changmu Kim ),김창선 ( Chang Sun Kim ),도윤수 ( Yun-su Do ),백창기 ( Chang-gi Back ),상현규 ( Hyunkyu Sang ),신우창 ( Woo 한국균학회 2020 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.48 No.3

One hundred representative species of fungi in Korea were selected and their Korean names were proposed to increase interest in fungi among Korean people. This task was performed under the supervision of the Committee of Mycological Terms, under the Korean Society of Mycology. First, the committee established the criteria for selecting 100 representative species of fungi in Korea and then selected the candidate fungal species accordingly. To ensure the uniformity and stability of Korean fungal names, the principle of naming fungi in Korean was established, and the candidate Korean fungal names were presented accordingly. Finally, the candidate Korean fungal names were posted online to collect opinions of the members of the Korean Society of Mycology. The candidate Korean names of the plant pathogenic fungi and mushrooms were reviewed by the Korean Society of Plant Pathology and the Korean Society of Mushroom Science, respectively. After their opinions were considered, the Korean names for 100 representative fungi in Korea were finally determined. The 100 fungi comprised 41 common molds and yeasts, 28 plant pathogenic fungi, and 31 mushrooms.

칠면초의 뿌리로부터 분리된 Fusarium solani 에 의해 생산된 지베렐린 A<SUB>4</SUB>

서영교(Yeonggyo Seo),유영현(Young-Hyun You),윤혁준(Hyeokjun Yoon),강상모(Sang-Mo Kang),김현(Hyun Kim),김미애(Miae Kim),김창무(Changmu Kim),이인중(In-Jung Lee),김종국(Jong-Guk Kim) 한국생명과학회 2012 생명과학회지 Vol.22 No.12

순천만에 자생하는 염생식물인 칠면초의 뿌리로부터 형태적으로 다른 내생진균을 분리하였다. 10종의 내생진균의 식물생장촉진활성검증을 위하여 내생진균의 배양여과액을 난장이벼 유묘에 처리하였다. Bioassay 결과, Sj/7/4 균주가 다른 내생진균류들보다 난장이벼의 생장을 효과적으로 촉진하는 것을 확인하였다. Sj/7/4 균주가 생산하는 GA를 확인하기 위하여 GC/MS SIM을 사용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, GA4를 생산하는 것이 정량분석을 통하여 확인되었다. 분리된 내생진균은 universal primers ITS-1과 ITS-4를 사용하여 ITS 영역을 PCR로 증폭하여 분석하였다. Sj/7/4 균주의 염기서열분석은 Fusarium solani와 높은 유사성을 나타냈다. 칠면초의 뿌리로부터 분리한 Sj/7/4 균주는 F. solani Sj/7/4로 명명하였다. Ten endophytic fungi with different colony morphologies were isolated from the roots of Suaeda japonica Makino growing naturally in Suncheon Bay. Plant growth promotion was verified by treating waito-c rice seedlings with culture filtrates from the endophytic fungi. The bioassays showed that the Sj/7/4 fungal strain induced effective growth promotion in the seedlings. The gibberellins (GA) produced by fungal strain Sj/7/4 were analyzed by gas chromatography /mass spectroscopy with selected ion monitoring (GC/MS SIM). The culture filtrate of Sj/7/4 fungal strain was confirmed to contain GA4 through quantitative analysis. The Sj/7/4 fungal strain was identified to determine the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions with universal primers ITS-1 and ITS-4 by using polymerase chain reactions (PCR). Molecular analysis of the Sj/7/4 fungal strain showed high similarity to Fusarium solani. The Sj/7/4 fungal strain isolated from the root of S. japonica was therefore designated as F. solani Sj/7/4.

울릉도 수집 균주의 배양조건에 따른 균사 생장 특성 비교

김민경 ( Minkyeong Kim ),안초롱 ( Chorong Ahn ),김창무 ( Changmu Kim ) 한국균학회 2020 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.48 No.2

The collection of biological data of indigenous species must comply with the Nagoya Protocol. Fungi contain various bioactive substances making them an attractive source of several products, including food and medicines. In this study, we investigated the growth characteristics of five indigenous fungal strains, Fomitiporia punctata, Polyporus ulleungus, P. brumalis, Gymnopus subnudus, and Tyromyces kmetii, isolated from samples collected in the Ulleungdo Island. The growth rates for each strain were assessed across various temperatures (20 ºC to 35 ºC), culture media (Potato dextrose agar, Malt extract & Yeast extract agar, Malt extract agar, Malt extract & peptone agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar, and Modified Melin-Norkrans agar), and pH conditions (4.0 to 8.0). Additionally, we assessed the mycelial growth characteristics in liquid culture. The mycelial growth in different media varied across species; specifically, F. punctata (in MMNA), G subnudus (in MMNA), and P. brumalis (in MEPA) showed rapid growth. Optimal growth temperatures ranged between 25 ºC and 30 ºC for most species, with the exception of T. kmetii and P. brumalis, which were able to grow across all the temperatures tested. P. brumalis showed the best growth rate, whereas P. ulleungus showed the lowest growth potential. The optimal pH conditions for mycelial growth ranged between 4.0 and 5.0. In experiments using culture flasks, the dry weight of the culture filtrates decreased with the increasing incubation time and showed a significant decrease between 1 and 6 months of incubation, indicating that the five strains take longer than a month to fully use the culture media. Our findings highlight and establish the optimal growth conditions for five different fungal species that can be used in future application studies.

문헌 및 기탁 균주 현황분석을 통한 자생 효모 목록

안초롱 ( Chorong Ahn ),김민경 ( Minkyeong Kim ),김창무 ( Changmu Kim ) 한국균학회 2021 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.49 No.2

Indigenous yeasts in Korea have been actively studied since 1910 in light of various fields, including environment, food fermentation, brewing, and medicine. However, a complete list of indigenous yeast species has not been addressed or reported. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the literature including yeast isolation from Korean materials and the strains preserved at culture collections was performed. The results of this study indicate the following: ⅰ) there are 128 genera and 681 species (including 26 variants) of yeast reported in Korea, ⅱ) the reported species were trimmed into 142 genera and 500 species (including 9 variants), ⅲ) among which only 166 species were registered in the National Species List of Korea (2020). Therefore, follow-up studies are required to register more indigenous yeast species in the National Species List of Korea.

향신료 재배 토양으로부터 분리한 국내 미기록 야생효모들의 균학적 특성 및 생리활성

한상민 ( Sang-min Han ),김지윤 ( Ji-yoon Kim ),김창무 ( Changmu Kim ),이종수 ( Jong-soo Lee ) 한국균학회 2019 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.47 No.1

The goal of this study was to characterize unrecorded wild yeasts from soils of spices plants fields and further, to elucidate its anti-demential activities and tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Piskurozyma taiwanensis R4-1 (NIBRFGC000502619), Nadsonia starkeyi-henricii R6-2 (NIBRFGC000502618), and Canadida friedrichii M12-6 (NIBRFGC000502615) isolated from soil of garlic field represented newly recorded yeast strains in Korea. Vishniacozyma peneaus I2-9 (NIBRFGC000502617) and Cryptococcus aspenensis I21-1 (NIBRFGC000502616) from soil of ginger field represented also newly recorded yeast strains, and microbiological characteristics of its fifteen yeast strains were investigated. All of these unrecorded yeasts exhibited oval-global shape and have ascospores except Canadida friedrichii M12-6. Piskurozyma taiwanensis R4-1 and Canadida friedrichii M12-6 grew well in vitamin-free medium, and Piskurozyma taiwanensis R4-1 was halotolent growing in 10% NaCl-containing yeast extract peptone dextrose (YPD) broth. After prepared cell-free of the unrecorded wild yeasts, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities as anti-dementia activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity as whitening activity were determined. Cell-free extract from Canadida friedrichii M12-6 had the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity of 14.4%.

Genetic Diversity of Culturable Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Halophytes Naturally Growing in Muan Salt Marsh

Young-Hyun You(유영현),Hyeokjun Yoon(윤혁준),Yeonggyo Seo(서영교),Miae Kim(김미애),Myung Suk Kang(강명석),Changmu Kim(김창무),Sang Chul Ha(하상철),Ga Youn Cho(조가연),Jong-Guk Kim(김종국) 한국생명과학회 2012 생명과학회지 Vol.22 No.7

90종의 내생진균(endophytic fungi)은 염습지에 자생하고 있는 염생식물(halophyte)의 뿌리에서 분리하였다. 자생식물 샘플은 해홍나물, 갯질경, 칠면초, 갯잔디, 갈대가 염습지로부터 분리하였다. 그리고 분리된 내생진균들은 ITS1, 5.8S와 ITS2를 포함하는 ITS-rDNA 영역에 의해 분석하였다. 다양한 내생진균은 Capnodiales (4.44%), Cystofilobasidiales (1.11%), Dothideales (3.33%), Eurotiales (53.33%), Glomerellales (3.33%), Hypocreales (8.89%), Mucorales (1.11%), Pleosporales (15.56%), Sordariales (1.11%), Trichosphaeriales (1.11%), unidentified (6.67%) 등 10종류 목에 속하는 것이 확인되었다. 90종의 내생진균은 속(genus)단계에서 Acremonium속, Alternaria 속, Aspergillus 속, Aureobasidium 속, Cephalosporium 속, Chaetomium 속, Cladosporium 속, Colletotrichum 속, Cryptococcus 속, Didymella 속, Dothideomycete 속, Emericellopsis 속, Epicoccum 속, Eupenicillium 속, Fusarium 속, Gibberella 속, Gongronella 속, Macrophoma 속, Microsphaeropsis 속, Nigrospora 속, Paecilomyce 속, Paraconiothyrium 속, Penicillium 속, Phaeomyces 속, Phoma 속, Pleosporales 속, Purpureocillium 속, 그리고 Talaromyces 속으로 모두 28속이 확인되었다. 그리고 동정된 모든 내생진균은 Eurotiales목의 Aspergillus속과 Penicillium속이 가장 많이 분포하고 있는 것이 확인되었다. Native halophytes, such as Suaeda maritima, Limonium tetragonum, S. japonica, Zoysia sinica, and Phragmites australis were collected from the Muan salt marsh. Ninety endophytic fungi were isolated from the roots of the collected halophytes. Molecular insights inferred by internal transcribed spacer containing ITS1, 5.8s, and the ITS2 region showed that all the fungal strains belong to ten orders, i.e., Capnodiales (4.44%), Cystofilobasidiales (1.11%), Dothideales (3.33%), Eurotiales (53.33%), Glomerellales (3.33%), Hypocreales (8.89%), Mucorales (1.11%), Pleosporales (15.56%), Sordariales (1.11%), and Trichosphaeriales (1.11%). The rest (6.67%) of all fungal isolates were not identified. Ninety fungal strains were confirmed at the genus level, containing Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Cephalosporium, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Cryptococcus, Didymella, Dothideomycete, Emericellopsis, Epicoccum, Eupenicillium, Fusarium, Gibberella, Gongronella, Macrophoma, Microsphaeropsis, Nigrospora, Paecilomyces, Paraconiothyrium, Penicillium, Phaeomyces, Phoma, Pleosporales, Purpureocillium, and Talaromyces. Of all the endophytic fungi identified from the various halophytes, Aspergillus and Penicillium of Eurotiales had the highest abundance.