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배지희,김준찬,김명호,이순일,Bae, Jihee,Kim, Jun Chan,Kim, Myong-Ho,Lee, Soonil 한국재료학회 2020 한국재료학회지 Vol.30 No.2
BiFeO<sub>3</sub> with perovskite structure is a well-known material that has both ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic properties called multiferroics. However, leaky electrical properties and difficulty of controlling stoichiometry due to Bi volatility and difficulty of obtaining high relative density due to high dependency on the ceramic process are issues for BiFeO<sub>3</sub> applications. In this work we investigated the sintering behavior of samples with different stoichiometries and sintering conditions. To understand the optimum sintering conditions, nonstoichiometric Bi<sub>1±x</sub>FeO<sub>3±δ</sub> ceramics and Ti-doped Bi<sub>1.03</sub>Fe<sub>1-4x/3</sub>Ti<sub>x</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ceramics were synthesized by a conventional solid-state route. Dense single phase BiFeO<sub>3</sub> ceramics were successfully fabricated using a two-step sintering and quenching process. The effects of Bi volatility on microstructure were determined by Bi-excess and Ti doping. Bi-excess increased grain size, and Ti doping increased sintering temperature and decreased grain size. It should be noted that Ti-doping suppressed Bi volatility and stabilized the BiFeO<sub>3</sub> phase.