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      • KCI우수등재

        겨울철 서울시 일부 실내스포츠시설에서 금연정책 실시 전후 PM<sub>2.5</sub> 농도 비교

        김윤지,이기영,김승원,Kim, Yoonjee,Lee, Kiyoung,Kim, Seung Won 한국환경보건학회 2018 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.44 No.3

        Objectives: This study examined the impact of a smoke-free policy on indoor air quality at indoor recreation facilities by assessing $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations before and after the implementation of the new policy. Methods: Using real-time monitors, $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations were measured in 50 billiard rooms and 50 golf simulator rooms in Seoul, Korea. The characteristics of the indoor recreation facilities, smoking status, and atmospheric conditions were recorded at the same time.After the enforcement of a smoke-free policy, $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations, installation of smoking room, and smoking status were examined when the facilities were revisited. Results: Almost a half of the billiard rooms and over 80% of golf simulator rooms were located underground. Seventy percent of the billiard rooms and one hundred percent of the golf simulator rooms were equipped with a local exhaust ventilation system. After the implementation of the smoke-free policy, 46% of the billiard rooms and 20% of the golf simulator rooms newly installed a smoking room. In the billiard rooms with a newly-installed smoking room, the $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations decreased from 97.9 to $45.6{\mu}g/m^3$ after the implementation of the smoke-free policy. The same change of 29.0 to $ 26.3{\mu}g/m^3$ was not statistically significant in golf simulator rooms. Indoor $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations were correlated with outdoor $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations, number of smokers, and number of people in the room. Conclusions: The smoke-free policy for indoor recreation facilities was not effective at making the indoor spaces free from second hand smoke. Although a few billiard rooms installed a smoking room, indoor $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations were still higher than those of outdoor $PM_{2.5}$ or atmospheric $PM_{2.5}$. Stricter enforcement of the smoke-free policy should be achieved to prevent secondhand smoke exposure.

      • KCI우수등재

        어린이집에서 이산화탄소와 미세먼지의 장기간 시간적인 변이를 활용한 실내환경수준 평가

        김윤지(Yoonjee Kim),이세원(Sewon Lee),반현경(Hyunkyung Ban),차상민(Sangmin Cha),김근배(Geunbae Kim),이기영(Kiyoung Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.4

        Objectives: The purposes of the study were to analyze the temporal variation of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and particulate matter (PM) in daycare centers and evaluate the appropriateness of the official test method of onetime measurement. Methods: Indoor air quality in 46 daycare centers in the Seoul Metropolitan Area was measured as specified in the official test method of Indoor Air Quality Management law. In addition, indoor air quality in the 46 daycare centers was measured over 37 days using a real-time monitor (AirGuard K). Results: The daily means of CO 2 and PM in the 46 daycare centers were 1042.74 ± 134.45 ppm and 67.60 ± 18.25 µg/m 3 , respectively. Indoor air quality in the daycare centers showed significant temporal fluctuation. Measurements for single days were significantly different from the 37-day average exposure. Relative error of short term exposure decreased with an increase in the number of sampling days. The noncompliance rate for CO 2 using the official testing method was 2.17%, and none exceeded the PM 10 standard of 100 µg/m 3 . With monitoring over 37 days, the daily noncompliance rate for CO 2 was 50.4% and the daily noncompliance rate for PM was 13.8%. Conclusions: When the official test method evaluates the indoor air at daycare centers one day per year, the results may not represent actual indoor air quality over a longer period of time. Real-time monitoring devices could be an alternative for managing indoor air quality.

      • KCI우수등재

        겨울철 서울시 일부 실내스포츠시설에서 금연정책 실시 전후 PM 2.5 농도 비교

        김윤지(Yoonjee Kim),이기영(Kiyoung Lee),김승원(Seung Won Kim) 한국환경보건학회 2018 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.44 No.3

        Objectives: This study examined the impact of a smoke-free policy on indoor air quality at indoor recreation facilities by assessing PM 2.5 concentrations before and after the implementation of the new policy. Methods: Using real-time monitors, PM 2.5 concentrations were measured in 50 billiard rooms and 50 golf simulator rooms in Seoul, Korea. The characteristics of the indoor recreation facilities, smoking status, and atmospheric conditions were recorded at the same time.After the enforcement of a smoke-free policy, PM 2.5 concentrations, installation of smoking room, and smoking status were examined when the facilities were revisited. Results: Almost a half of the billiard rooms and over 80% of golf simulator rooms were located underground. Seventy percent of the billiard rooms and one hundred percent of the golf simulator rooms were equipped with a local exhaust ventilation system. After the implementation of the smoke-free policy, 46% of the billiard rooms and 20% of the golf simulator rooms newly installed a smoking room. In the billiard rooms with a newly-installed smoking room, the PM 2.5 concentrations decreased from 97.9 to 45.6 µg/m3 after the implementation of the smoke-free policy. The same change of 29.0 to 26.3 µg/m3 was not statistically significant in golf simulator rooms. Indoor PM 2.5 concentrations were correlated with outdoor PM 2.5 concentrations, number of smokers, and number of people in the room. Conclusions: The smoke-free policy forindoor recreationfacilities was not effective atmaking the indoor spaces free fromsecondhand smoke. Although a few billiard rooms installed a smoking room, indoor PM 2.5 concentrations were still higher than those of outdoor PM 2.5 or atmospheric PM 2.5 . Stricter enforcement of the smoke-free policy should be achieved to prevent secondhand smoke exposure.

      • KCI우수등재

        몽골 울란바토르시 게르촌 주택의 겨울철 실내 초미세먼지(PM 2.5 ) 농도의 시간적 변이

        이보람(Boram Lee),이지영(Jiyoung Lee),장예림(Yelim Jang),김윤지(Yoonjee Kim),하헌성(Hunsung Ha),이우석(Wooseok Lee),최우석(Wooseok Choe),김규성(Kyusung Kim),우철운(Cheolwoon Woo),Chimedsuren Ochir,이기영(Kiyoung Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2018 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.44 No.1

        Objectives: In Mongolian housing, they use coal as a fuel for indoor heating and cooking. The combustion of coal releases particulate matter, which can affect indoor air quality. The purpose of this study was to analyze the concentrations of indoor PM 2.5 Methods: In this study, indoor PM 2.5 concentrations, temperature and humidity in houses were measured by a real-time PM monitor, while the time activity patternsof the residents were also observed. Results: The correlation between factors that may affect the indoor air quality was analyzed.The indoor PM 2.5 concentrations were 178.4±152.7 µg/m 3 (n=37). Five types of indoor PM 2.5 concentrations have been classified, which were associated with indoor activity. The stove type, fuel types and indoor activities such as cleaning, cooking and opening the stoves were not significantly associated with indoor PM 2.5 levels. Conclusions: Further study is needed to determine the effect of stove type through 24hours of indoor air quality monitoring.

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