크라우드소싱(crowdsourcing)을 이용한 환경보건 연구 방법의 고찰

이보람,이기영,Lee, Boram,Lee, Kiyoung 한국환경보건학회 2014 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.40 No.3

Background: The development of technology can be beneficial for the life and health of human society. Crowdsourcing refers to drawing upon a large pool of individuals in order to seek services, ideas, or other contributions. With the development of information communication technology, crowdsourcing is able to provide powerful results in environmental health research. Methods: We searched 'crowdsourcing' and 'citizen science' for keywords related to the environmental health field and only selected journal articles and conference proceedings material, such as research reports and WHO reports. Results: This paper reviewed environmental health research using crowdsourcing. Examples of such research based on crowdsourcing included practices in environmental disasters, noise monitoring, global positioning system (GPS) technology, smart phones, attached portable devices and information delivery by web. Crowdsourcing methods can provide notably distinct approaches for future environmental health research. However, it is also important to protect personal information whenever crowdsourcing is applied to data generation and information dissemination. Conclusion: We expect that this review may provide useful information for the development of new environmental health research methods using crowdsourcing and citizen science.

Predicted Mean Vote(PMV)를 이용한 겨울철 종합병원의 실내 온·열 환경의 평가

이보람,김정훈,김규상,김혜진,이기영,Lee, Boram,Kim, Jeonghoon,Kim, KyooSang,Kim, Hyejin,Lee, Kiyoung 한국환경보건학회 2015 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.41 No.6

Objectives: A hospital is a complex building that serves many different purposes. It has a major impact on patient's well-being as well as on the work efficiency of the hospital staff. Thermal comfort is one of the major factors in indoor comfort. The purpose of this study was to determine thermal comfort in various locations in a hospital. Methods: Various indoor environmental conditions in a general hospital were measured in February 2014. The predicted mean vote (PMV) and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) concentration were measured simultaneously in the lobby, office, restaurant, and ward. Results: The ward was the most thermally comfortable location (PMV=0.44) and the lobby was the most uncomfortable (PMV = -1.39). However, the $CO_2$ concentration was the highest in the ward (896 ppm) and the lowest in the lobby (572 ppm). The average PMV value was the most comfortable in the ward and the lowest in the lobby. In contrast, for concentration of carbon dioxide, the highest average was in the ward and the lowest in the lobby. Due to air conditioner operation, during operating hours the PMV showed values close to 0 compared to the non-operating time. Correlation between PMV and $CO_2$ differed by location. Conclusion: The PMV and concentration of carbon dioxide of the hospital lobby, office, restaurant and ward varied. The relationship between PMV and carbon dioxide differed by location. Consideration of how to apply PMV and carbon dioxide is needed when evaluating indoor comfort.

국가유공자를 간호하는 보훈병원 간호사의 자기자비, 적극적 대처 및 소극적 대처가 공감피로와 공감만족에 미치는 영향

이보람 ( Lee¸ Boram ),안숙희 ( Ahn¸ Sukhee ) 부산대학교 간호과학연구소 2021 글로벌 건강과 간호 Vol.11 No.2

Purpose: This study was conducted to present the levels of self-compassion, active coping, passive coping, and compassion fatigue and satisfaction, and explore the influence of self-compassion, active coping, and passive coping on compassion fatigue and satisfaction among nurses working at veterans’ hospitals. Methods: A correlational study design was used. The respondents were 148 staff nurses who had worked for more than a year in the general ward of four veterans’ hospitals in Korea. Data were collected from March to April 2019 via a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The respondents’ mean age was 31.49±6.85 and clinical experience 8.82±6.67 years. While compassion fatigue was significantly higher in nurses having veterans in the family (t=-2.59, p=.010), compassion satisfaction was significantly higher in those aged 41 and above (F=4.18, p=.018), married (t=-2.38, p=.018), having a higher monthly income (t=-2.59, p=.010), and having a hobby (t=-3.34, p=.001). There was a significant relationship between compassion fatigue and satisfaction (r=.21, p=.010). Regression analysis showed that the compassion fatigue score was higher when nurses had veterans in the family(β=.21, t=2.68, p=.008), with a 4.8% explained variance. Nurses engaging in more active coping (β=.34, t=3.70, p<.001) and less passive coping (β=-.24, t=-2.89, p=.004), and having a hobby (β=.19, t=2.50, p=.013) reported higher levels of compassion satisfaction. Conclusion: More active coping and less passive coping impacted compassion satisfaction significantly. Thus, there is a need to provide support to nurses so that they can utilize effective ways of coping with stress to improve their compassion satisfaction.

소아에서 사봉혈(四縫穴) 활용에 대한 문헌 조사

이보람,신혜진,이지홍,장규태,Lee, Boram,Shin, Hye Jin,Lee, Jihong,Chang, Gyu Tae 대한한방소아과학회 2018 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Objectives The objective of this study is to investigate the application of Sifeng point (EX-UE 10) in children and to make suggestions for domestic research and clinical application by reviewing relevant randomized controlled trials. Methods Eight electronic databases including English, Chinese, Korean databases were comprehensively searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of Sifeng point in children up to May 2, 2018. We extracted the year of publication, country, target diseases or symptoms, location of Sifeng, acupuncture method; such as acupuncture tool and depth of insertion, and frequency, number, and duration of the treatment. Results Fifty studies were included for analysis. All the included studies were conducted in China, and studies were published from 1962 to 2017. The most frequent target symptom was anorexia (46%). In addition, Sifeng point was used for digestive diseases or symptoms such as diarrhea, constipation, and mesenteric lymphadenitis, as well as respiratory diseases or symptoms such as cough, cold, acute bronchiolitis, recurrent respiratory tract infections, bronchopneumonia, and asthmatic bronchitis. Also, allergic diseases such as chronic urticaria, and other variety of symptoms such as malnutrition, fever, and iron-deficiency anemia were treated with the Sifeng point. The location of Sifeng points was inconsistent, and the most common location of the Sifeng point was the midpoint of transverse creases of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the index, middle, ring and little fingers (84.2%). The most commonly used acupuncture tool was three-edged needle (40.9%). All included studies have the method of squeezing out blood or mucus from the Sifeng points. The treatment was mostly conducted once per week (35.4%), mostly repeated for 4 times (32.6%). The most common treatment duration was 4 weeks (18.6%). Conclusions We could identify acupuncture method and various indications for the Sifeng points treatment. Based on this study, there is a need for the clinical application and related researches on the Sifeng points in children in Korea. In addition, the treatment location of Sifeng point should be standardized.

건강보험 청구자료를 이용한 전립선염 환자의 의료 이용 및 항생제 처방 현황

이보람,최윤정,최연송,공나영,최민선,Lee, Boram,Choi, Yoon Jung,Choi, Younsong,Kong, Nayoung,Choi, Minsun 한국임상약학회 2018 한국임상약학회지 Vol.28 No.2

Background: Prostatitis, one of the most common diseases of the prostate, is a complex disease with various clinical features. This study aims to analyze the utilization and prescribing patterns of antibiotics in Korean patients with prostatitis between 2008 and 2015. Methods: We used the National Health Insurance Database complied from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). The outcomes included the number of claims, number of patients, medical cost, and length of stay for each year. In addition, the prescribing patterns of antibiotics, including fluoroquinolone, and low-dose use of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were investigated. Results: The total number of patients and medical cost increased by 9.5% and 51.7% from 2008 to 2015, respectively. Most prostatitis patients were classified as chronic prostatitis patients. The prescribing proportion of antibiotics for chronic prostatitis outpatients decreased from 71.0% to 66.9% from 2008 to 2015, and fluoroquinolone accounted for more than half of the total antibiotics. Over 80% of prescription of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin was identified to be for low-dose use. Conclusion: Most of the patients with prostatitis experienced pain relief and condition improvement after antibiotic treatment; however, chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome recur easily. Therefore, active disease management and further studies are needed to enhance our understanding of effective treatment for prostatitis.

특발성 저신장의 경제성 평가 연구 경향 분석: 체계적 문헌고찰

이보람,권찬영,장수빈,Lee, Boram,Kwon, Chan-Young,Jang, Soobin 대한한방소아과학회 2021 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.35 No.2

Objectives We aimed to examine health-related economic analysis of available interventions on idiopathic short stature (ISS). Methods Eight studies were reviewed from English, Korean, and Chinese databases which were published up to December 24, 2020. Effectiveness, utility, and cost data were extracted from the studies and descriptive analysis of the individual studies was conducted Results Five studies were chosen. In the two economic evaluation studies, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of growth hormone (GH) treatment was presented by performing cost-effectiveness analysis based on the deterministic decision tree approach for the GH and untreated group. Final adult height and direct medical costs were analyzed as effectiveness and cost outcomes. In 1 review article, an ICER of GH was presented based on systematic review on the effects of the GH treatment. In the two clinical trials, the effectiveness and cost of the 12 months Oriental medicine combination treatment were presented in comparison with the GH treatment alone. There were no literatures that provided utility data of available intervention on ISS. Conclusions The results of this study will be used as basic data for the economic analysis of Oriental medicine treatment on ISS in the future.

몽골 울란바토르시 게르촌 주택의 겨울철 실내 초미세먼지(PM 2.5 ) 농도의 시간적 변이

이보람(Boram Lee),이지영(Jiyoung Lee),장예림(Yelim Jang),김윤지(Yoonjee Kim),하헌성(Hunsung Ha),이우석(Wooseok Lee),최우석(Wooseok Choe),김규성(Kyusung Kim),우철운(Cheolwoon Woo),Chimedsuren Ochir,이기영(Kiyoung Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2018 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.44 No.1

Objectives: In Mongolian housing, they use coal as a fuel for indoor heating and cooking. The combustion of coal releases particulate matter, which can affect indoor air quality. The purpose of this study was to analyze the concentrations of indoor PM 2.5 Methods: In this study, indoor PM 2.5 concentrations, temperature and humidity in houses were measured by a real-time PM monitor, while the time activity patternsof the residents were also observed. Results: The correlation between factors that may affect the indoor air quality was analyzed.The indoor PM 2.5 concentrations were 178.4±152.7 µg/m 3 (n=37). Five types of indoor PM 2.5 concentrations have been classified, which were associated with indoor activity. The stove type, fuel types and indoor activities such as cleaning, cooking and opening the stoves were not significantly associated with indoor PM 2.5 levels. Conclusions: Further study is needed to determine the effect of stove type through 24hours of indoor air quality monitoring.

보건의료시설의 실내 예상 평균 온열감(PMV), 이산화탄소 농도, 소음도, 조도의 통합실내쾌적도(IEQh)를 통한 연간 실내 쾌적도 평가

이보람(Boram Lee),이대엽(Daeyeop Lee),반현경(Hyunkyung Ban),이세원(Sewon Lee),김규상(KyooSang Kim),이기영(Kiyoung Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.3

Objectives: A hospital is a complex building that serves many different purposes. The indoor environment in a hospital plays a major role in patient well-being and the work efficiency of the hospital staff. This study was conducted to evaluate overall comfort in two major hospitals over the course of one year. Methods: Various indoor environmental conditions were measured in two general hospitals for one year (April 2014 to April 2015). Monitoring alternated between the hospitals at one month per respective monitoring session. The indoor air temperature, relative humidity (RH), mean radiant temperature and air velocity were measured in order to calculate the predicted mean vote (PMV). Carbon dioxide concentration, noise level and illumination level were concurrently measured and applied to the overall IEQ acceptance model for the hospitals (IEQh). Results: The IEQh at the two general hospitals was different at five spaces within a building. The IEQh for summer and winter were significantly different. Real-time IEQh demonstrated that indoor comfort was affected by the hospital s operating hours due to operation of the HVAC system. The percentage of indoor comfort in the hospitals was higher using PMV than IEQh. Conclusion: IEQh in the hospitals was different at locations with different purposes. Indoor comfort assessment using IEQh was stricter than with PMV. Additional research is needed in order to optimize the IEQh model.

네일샵 미용실의 실내공기 중 미세먼지(PM 10 ), 휘발성 유기화합물 (VOCs), 알데하이드류(Aldehydes)의 농도 및 업소 특성에 따른 상관성 분석

이보람(Boram Lee),곽수영(Sooyoung Kuag),양원호(Wonho Yang),전상일(Sang il Jun),김정수(Jung-su Kim),이기영(Kiyoung Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.6

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the indoor levels of PM 10 , VOCs and aldehydes in nail shop and hair salon. Methods: The field survey was conducted for 52 hair salons 52 nail shops, and 26 shop-in-shops in Seoul and Daegu city. The field technicians investigated characteristics of each shop including operating time, indoor volume, ventilation and so on. Indoor concentrations of PM 10 , VOCs and aldehydes, indoor temperature and humidity were measured in 12 hair salons, 12 nail shops and 6 shop-in shops. MP Surveryor II (Graywolf, USA) was used to measure CO 2 concentration, temperature and humidity for 8 hours. PM 10 concentrations were measured by minivolume air sampler with Teflon quartz filter (0.2 μm pore size, φ 47 mm, Graseby-Anderson TEF-DISKTM) for 6 hours. VOCs passive sampler (OVM 3500) was used to collect VOCs for 8 hours and analyzed by GC/MSD. Results: The CO 2 concentrations were 759.4±58.2 ppm in nail shops, 731.0±72.5 ppm in hair salons, and 656.4±31.2 ppm in shop-in-shops. The PM 10 concentrations were 27.5±14.2 µg/m 3 in nail shops, 33.1±6.3 µg/m 3 in hair salons, and 39.0±26.9 µg/m 3 in shop-in-shops. TVOCs concentrations were 3085.4±1667.8 µg/m 3 in nail shops, 2131.1±617.3 µg/m 3 in hair salons, and 1550.3±529.0 µg/m 3 in shop-in-shops. TVOCs concentrations in nail shops were significantly higher than those in hair salons and shop-in-shops (p=0.002). Formaldehyde concentrations were 60.8±36.6 µg/m 3 in nail shops, 89.1±55.4 µg/m 3 in hair salons, and 45.1±22.5 µg/m 3 in shop-in-shops. Conclusion: TVOCs concentrations in nail shop were the highest among others. TVOC concentrations in all stores exceeded indoor air quality stand of indoor air quality control in public –use facilities, etc act.

희귀난치성 질환이 있는 자녀를 양육하는 어머니의 셰어런팅 현황과 양육지원 요구

이보람(Boram Lee) 한국아동학회 2022 아동학회지 Vol.43 No.2

Objectives: This study investigates the current state and subjective meaning of “sharenting” using social media by mothers raising children with rare diseases. In addition, the future direction of parenting social support for parents using ICTs was explored. Methods: Among the mothers raising a children with rare diseases, those who informed their children of their diseases with hashtags(#) and shared their daily lives on social media, such as Instagram and Facebook, were purposefully sampled. Nine mothers with children age one to seven years with different rare diseases participated in the in-depth interviews. Results: Mothers raising children with rare diseases with low prevalence have met various parenting support needs through sharenting. In addition, it was found that many mothers were willing to support other parents with similar experiences by actively sharing their information or daily lives. In other words, sharenting not only enhances the positive cognitive and emotional experiences of mothers raising children with rare diseases but also provides an opportunity to contribute to society, ultimately helping support healthy parenting. Moreover, mothers benefited from various support that transcends time and space through sharenting using social media. Thus, social support for parents in need should be delivered through both traditional and digitalized support integrated with ICTs. Conclusion: To support the healthy development of a children with rare diseases, it is necessary to support the high quality of life of parents and their children. By integrating ICTs, individualized and customized social services can be flexibly provided to families and children with rare diseases that have been neglected.