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        자정 초미립자의 응집에 관한 연구

        김선근,서홍섭 한국화학공학회 1990 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.28 No.2

        자성 초미립자로 이루어진 응집체의 형상이 응집기구에 따라 어떤 영향을 받는가를 실험과 이론을 통하여 살피었다. 실험에서 입자가 크면 클수록, 물질 고유의 포화자화도가 크면 클수록 만들어진 응집체는 사슬모양을 이루었으며 이 사슬은 외부 자장하에서 거의 직선에 가까운 모습을 보였다. 또 사슬을 이루는 기본입자들의 크기는 극히 좁은 분포를 가지고 있음이 관찰되었다. 아울러 사슬형 이든 random한 것이든 어떤 형태의 응집체에 대해서도 그 형상을 fractal의 개념을 써서 수학적으로 표시할 수 있었다. 이론적으로는 무향성의 van der Waals힘, hydrodynamic 힘들과 방향성의 자기력을 각각 고려하여 그것이 브라운 응집에 기여하는 유효인자값을 계산하여 비교 검토하였다. 그 결과 사슬을 만드는 경우 다른 힘을 자기력이 압도하여 일어남을 확인하였고 더불어 외부 자장하의 선형화 및 기본입자의 분포에 관한 위의 실험적 사실도 충분히 뒷받침할 수 있었다. The shapes of aggregates of ferromagnetic ultrafine particles have been studied experimentally and theoretically. Experiment shows that the paricles form more chain-like aggregates when both the size and the saturation magnetization of the particles increase as far as their sizes remain within single domain. The chains become straightened under an external magnetic field. The primary particles in a single chain seem to have very narrow size distributions. The various shapes of the aggregates could be described mathematically by the concept of 'fractal'. The values of the efficiency factor which modifies the extent of Brownian coagulation were calculated from a model equation considering isotropic forces (van der Waals and hydrodynamic forces) and anisotropic force (magnetic force), respectively. It has turned out that the latter force dominates the formers in case of chain-forming particles and the model well supports the experimental observations on the chain linearization under the field and the monodispersity of the primary particles, described above.

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      • 元曉의 和諍理論 小考

        金善根 동국대학교 경주대학 1983 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

        The purpose of this paper is to inquire into a study of the logic on Won Hyo's(617∼686) Reconciling dispute(Hwa Jaeng, 和諍) Won Hyo's most important and fundamental thought lies in that of 'Reconciling dispute'(Hwa Jaeng, 和諍). The word, Hwa Jaeng literally means "reconciliation of struggle," the essence of Wonhyo's idea of Buddhist Universality, which was factional derived from WonHyo's Work, Sip-moon-hwa-jaeng-ron(十門和諍論). Won Hyo wrote a total of 240 books on Buddhism, covering both Maha­ya­na and Hinaya­na, of which no more than 20 are now extant. In his works we find that Won Hyo dealt in a fair manner with each and every Buddhist theory and doctrine of his time and that, on the basis of this, he established his own system of philosophy by embracing and consolidating all of them into one without any self-contradictory logic whatsoever. He also applied his theory of unity to human society in order to achieve harmony and peace among men. Thus, his works cannot but be the crystal of his profound knowledge and deep thought. Wonhyo was an internationally renowned scholar of his time. Of his many work, none better represents the philosophy of Wonhyo than the Sip-Moon-hwa-jaeng-ron. This book brings out the logical basis on which he tried to astablish Universal Buddhism under the principle of Ekayana, the unique vehicle, by means of reconciling and comprehending all the different schools of his time. To our great regret, however, only parts of this book have come down to us. Through these we can observe that he begins to write by introducing the gist of other theories, and then develops each theory to the principle of Ekayana by the method of induction. Then he gives his own views on a principle. He admitted the difference between incarnation and retribution that result from the existence of Pure land and Dirty Land, but he held that there is no prime difference between the Pure Land the Dirty Land. Such a view is seen in nearly all of his works. All in all, Wonhyo was the first Korean to clearly understand the real value of Buddhism as well as to devote himself to saving the people. His efforts to construct a Buddhist Utopia in Silla by reconciling the theory and practice of Buddhism and, further, by adapting it to the reality of silla society established the special features of Korean Buddhism. Among the various schools and sects in Buddhism there have been not a few views and assertions which are controdictory to one another. For example, the antagonism between Hinaya­na and Maha­ya­na Schoolw, essence and appearance, real and unreal, etc. caused severe contention for justifying one's own thought. Debaters are often inclined to pervert the things what they are by viewing partial truth as total one and clinging to their extreme alternative views. Won hyo sublimated the contradiction between two extremities by means of his unique method of "Hwa Jaeng", thus he contributed to create the characteristic phase of Korean Buddhism, Known as 'Synthesized Buddhism(通佛敎)' such a method this is especially used in one of his writings 'Reconciling dispute on ten departments(十門和諍論).' The ideal world for which buddha longs is the one of non-dispute and also Won hyo's major theory is 'Hwajaeng' reconciling dispute. The aim of this 'Hwa Jaeng' is for reconciling and unifying dispute and contrary between the extremly conflicting two: ex. 'Immutalde' and 'according to circumstances', 'Noumenon and Phenomenon', 'Sacred and profane' 'Filthy and Purity', "Illusion and Enlightenment', 'Defilement and Bodhi', 'Mundane and Supra-mundane', etc,. From the discriminative mind the two are bound to conflict each other, yet in ultimate reality, Schness(Tathata­), they are one, not two. Each of Samkles'a and Samsa­ra is not respective differ from Bodhi and Nirva­na. The conflicting two such as 'immutable and according to circumstances', 'void and existence', 'men and things' are all the two sides of one whole, One Mind or One Reality. What is the value and meaning that the logic of Hwa Jaeng has for this modern World and out present age? The thought HwaJaeng is the principle of harmony and unification, and also the way of creating the world of equality and peace. Modern world lies in a tense situation resulted from the sharp confrontation among thought, economical and political systems. For example, the conflict between Capitalism and Communism, individualism and totalitarianism, idealism and materialism is the very cases. Each of those 'ism's insists on the one-sided truth exclusively, and, as the result, the wide and deep gab to be difficult to fill up has been produced. At this current atmosphere, nothing is more necessary than to learn and apply the way of thinking of Hwa Jaeng, the principle of harmony and peace.

      • 입자 성장의 모멘트변환에 의한 모사

        김선근 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 1988 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.18 No.-

        Situational studies are reported on particle growth in a medium. In general, it has been known from experiments that the increase in production rate of monomers shows a tendency of reducing the average size of particles formed. A model equation, called 'General Kynamic Equation', which considers all the terms contributing particle formation and growth processes including chemical reaction for monomer production has been solved by moment transformation with other necessary equations. The results well support the experimental findings. Higher rates of reaction result in higher rates of production of monomers available for nucleation. Therefore, more nuclei are formed at higher reaction rate and as a result, fewer monomers are available for the subseguent condensation on the nuclei. In this system coagulation of particles has been shown to be not so important in determining the size of growing particles.

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