방목초지 돈분액비 시용이 목초 생산성 및 방목한우 증체에 미치는 영향

고서봉(S. B. Ko),박남건(N. G. Park),황경준(K. J. Hwang),이종언(C. E. Lee),강승률(S. Y. Kang) 한국초지조사료학회 2003 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.23 No.4

제주 화산회토 방목초지에서 돈분액비 시용이 목초 생산성 및 한우 방목축의 증체에 미치는 효과를 구명하기 위하여 화학비료구(N-P-K=150-150-12kg/ha)와 화학비료구의 N을 기준한 돈분액비 100%, 150% 시용구 등 3처리 단반복(구당 1.4ha)으로 하여 2000년 가을에 조성된 혼파초지에서 2001년부터 2002까지 2년간 한우 육성우를 이용하여 방목기간 동안 연속방목 방법으로 실시하여 목초생산성 및 방목축 증체효과 등을 비교 분석하여 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 처리별 ha당 목초 건물생산량은 화학비료구가 16,291kg인데 비해 액비 100%구 15,632kg, 액비 150%구 16,320kg으로 처리간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 목초 식생 구성율은 파종 이듬해 생육초기에는 perennial tyegrass가 높은 비율을 보였으나, 2년차에서는 perennial rye-grass, orchard grass 등 화본과 목초가 60~70%, 두과인 red clover가 20~30%로 적정한 식생을 보였다. 2. 토양의 화화적 성분인 pH, T-N 등은 화학비료구나 액비 시용구간 뚜렷한 차이가 없었으나 K, Ca, Mg 등은 액비 시용구가 높게 나타났다. 3. 방목축의 두당 일당 증체량은 0.562~0.580kg으로 액비 150%구, 화학비료구 등에서 다소 높았으나 처리간 유의적 차이는 없었으며, ha당 총 증체량도 540~555kg으로 액비 150%구가 다소 높은 증체량을 나타냈다. 4. 방목축 혈액내 화학성분인 백혈구수. 적혈구수, 총 단백질 및 알부민 등은 화학비료구나 액비구간에 뚜렷한 차이가 없었다. 이상의 연구결과에 의하면 방목초지에서 목초의 적정 생산과 방목을 위하여 돈분액비 시용량은 화학비료 N수준의 100-150%(N; 150~225kg/ha) 인 것으로 추정된다.

제주화산회토양 석회 및 인산시용이 토양의 이화학적 성질 및 목초 생산성에 미치는 영향 1 . 석회 및 인산시용이 토양의 이화학적 성질에 미치는 영향

고서봉(S . B . Ko),정창조(C . C . Choung) 한국축산학회 1991 한국축산학회지 Vol.33 No.4

This studies were carried out to determine the effects on the physical and chemical properties of soil when 5 different pasture species were grown in pots with lime (0 or 300 ㎏/10a) and phosphate (0, 20, 40, 80 ㎏/10a) fertilization in black(B) and very-dark-brown (VOB) volcanic ash soil of Cheju island. The pH was higher in VDB than in B(p$lt;0.01) and was increased by lime (5.53 vs 5.36, p$lt;0.01) or phosphate application (5.12, 5.44, 5.53, and 5.70 for 0, 20. 40 and 80 ㎏ of P₂ 0_5, 10a, respectively, p$lt;0.01). Available phosphate content in soil was higher in VDB than in B (54.3 vs 15.3 ppm, p$lt;0.01) and was not affected by lime application (ranged 33.45-36.11 ppm) but was increased by phosphate application (5.3, 13.4, 41.2 and 79.2 ppm for 0, 20, 40 and 80 ㎏ of P₂O_5/10a, respectively. p$lt;0.01). Ca content was not different between B and VDB, but was increased by lime application from 2.00 to 3.78 milliequivalent/100g soil (p$lt;0.01) or by phosphate application (1.84, 2.63, 3.18 and 3.92 me/100g for 0, 20, 40 and 80 ㎏ of P₂O_5/10a, respectively, P$lt;0.01). Mg content was not different between B and VDB, but was significantly increased by lime or phosphate application (p$lt;0.01). Cation exchange capacity (CEC) was higher (p$lt;0.01) in B (24.6) than in VDB (18.6) and was increased 9% by lime (p$lt;0.01) or phosphate application (20.2, 21.4, 23.4 and 25.3 me/100g for 0. 20. 40 and 80 ㎏ of P₂O_5 /10a, respectively, p$lt;0.01). K and Na contents were not different between the soil types, lime or phosphate application, but were slighty higher in soils applied with no phosphate than with phosphate. Aluminum phosphate (AI-P) and ferric phosphate (Fe-P) were higher in B than in VDB (p$lt;0.01) and were increased by phosphate (p$lt;0.01) but not by lime application.

제주 화산회토양 석회 및 인산시용이 토양의 이화적 성질 및 목초생산성에 미치는 영향 2 . 석회 및 인산시용 수준이 목초 생산성에 미치는 영향

고서봉(S . B . Ko),정창조(C . C . Choung) 한국축산학회 1992 한국축산학회지 Vol.34 No.4

This study was carried out to determine the effects on the forage productivity when 5 different herbage species (orchardgrass, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, redtop and ladino clover) were grown individually in pots with lime (0 or 300 ㎏/10a) and phosphate (0, 20, 40, 8O ㎏/10a) on black (B) and very dark brown (VDB) volcanic ash soil of Cheju island. plant height was taller in VDB than in B. I he lime application increased only the height of ladino clover, but phosphate application increased the height of all 5 species (p$lt;0.01). Dry matter (DM) yield of orchard-grass was not different between B and VDB. but was increased (p$lt;0.0l) by lime (23.63 vs 25.32 g/pot) and phosphate (4.38, 26.42. 31.01 and 36.08 g/pot for 0, 20, 40, and 80 ㎏/10a, respectively). DM yield of tall fescue was not different between the soil types but was increased by lime or phosphate application (p$lt;0.01). DM yield of perennial ryegrass was not influenced by the soil types or lime application but was increased by phosphate application (p$lt;0.01). DM yield of redtop was higher in VDB than B and was not influenced by lime application but was increased by phosphate application (p$lt;0.01). DM yield of ladino clover was higher in VDB than in B and was increased (p$lt;0.01) by lime (27.20 vs 21.33 g/pot) or phosphate application (1.62, 23.51, 30.86 and 41.08 g/pot for 0, 20. 40, and 80 ㎏/10a, respectively)

입자도가 다른 제주 화산암 분말(Scoria) 급여가 돼지의 성장, 도체특성 및 분성분에 미치는 영향

양창범,고서봉,조원탁,한인규,Yang, C. B.,Ko, S. B.,Cho, W. T.,Han, In K. 한국축산환경학회 2005 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Scoria의 입자도를 달리하여 양돈사료내 첨가급여시 돼지의 성장효과, 사료이용성, 도체 특성 그리고 분중의 주요 오염물질인 질소와 인의 함량에 미치는 영향을 비교하기 위하여 시 험을 실시하였다. 대조구(기초사료)와 대조구 사료의 $3\%$ 수준을 500, 1,000, 1,700 ${\mu}m$로 제조된 scoria로 대체하여 배합된 사료로 나누어 급여한 처리 등 모두 4처리를 두어 143일간 사양시험을 실시하였는데 각 처리당 3반복(반복당 male 4, 거세돈 3두)으로 총 84두의 이유자돈을 완전임의 배치하였다. 시험종료 후 전두수를 축협공판장(등급판정소)에서 돼지등급판정 기준에 의해 도체등급을 조사하였고, 육색은 Chromameter를 사용하였으며, 분중의 질소와 인의 함량은 A.O.A.C 분석법 (1990)에 따라 분석하였다. 이러한 방법에 의해 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 자돈기에는 scoria 첨가구 모두가 대조구에 비해 증체량이 낮았고, 사료요구율은 높았으며 육성기에는 scoria 입자도 $1,700\;{\mu}m$ 급여구가 증체량 및 사료효율이 가장 높았고, 비육기에서는 $1,000\;{\mu}m$ 입자도 첨가구가 일당증체량이 높고 사료요구율이 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 전기간($0{\sim}143$일) 동안을 비교하면 scoria 입자도 $1,000\;{\mu}m$가 증체량 및 사료효율면에서 $1,700\;{\mu}m$ 보다 유리하였다. 2. 도체중은 모든 scoria 첨가구가 유의적 (P<0.05)으로 높았으나, scoria 입자도간 차이는 없었다. 그리고 등지방두께는 처리간 차이가 없었고, 도체등급에서 A+B 등급인 상등급 출현율은 대조구에 비해 scoria 첨가구가 월등히 증가하였으며, scoria 입자도간에는 $500\;{\mu}m$가 A등급 출현율이 가장 높았다. 3. 돼지고기의 육색은 명도(L값)의 경우는 대조구가 약간 높았으나 $1,000\;{\mu}m$ 및 $1,700\;{\mu}m$ 입자도와는 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 적색도(a값)는 scoria 입자도 $1,000\;{\mu}m$ 급여구에서 가장 높게 나타났고, 황색도(b값)에서는 처리간 차이가 없었다. 4. 분중의 총질소 함량은 육성기에서 scoria 입자도 $1,000\;{\mu}m$ 급여구가, 비육기에서는 scoria 입자도 $1,700\;{\mu}m$ 급여가 가장 감소효과가 컸고, 인의 함량은 자돈기에서 scoria 입자도간 차이는 없었으나, 육성기와 비육기에는 각각 $1,700\;{\mu}m,\;1,000{\mu}m$의 scoria 입자도에서 배설량 감소효과가 낮았다. The effect of different particle sizes of scoria inclusion in weanling-growing-finishing diets on growth performance and carcass quality was investigated in this study. Treatments were the control (basal diet), and 3 scoria treatments with different partical sizes (500, 1,000, 1,700 ${\mu}m$, respectively) in which $3\%$ of basal diet was replaced by scoria. This study was carried out for 143 days using 84 pigs. Each treatment has 3 replicates (4 gilts and 3 barrows per pen). 1. During nursery period, all scoria treatment levels showed poor Average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency compared to the control. During growing period, The ADG and feed efficiency of pigs fed the $1,000\;{\mu}m$ swine treatment tended to improve. For the whole growth period (d 0-143), $1,000\;{\mu}m$ scoria treatment showed significantly higher (P<0.05) ADG and feed efficiency than the $1,700\;{\mu}m$ scoria treatment. 2. Carcass weight was higher in all of scoria treatment levels Either the control (P<0.05), while backfat thickness was unaffected among treatments. Carcass Grade A or B grade appearance was more evident in all of scoria treatments compared to the control. 3. Hunter L value was numerically higher in the control while there was no significant differences among the control, $1,000\;{\mu}m$ scoria and $1,700\;{\mu}m$. Hunter a value was highest (P<0.05) in $1,000\;{\mu}m$ scoria, while Hunter b values were not influenced by the scoria treatment levels. 4. The different scoria treatment levels reduced N and P excretion. For growing period, $1,000\;{\mu}m$ scoria was most efficient in reducing N excretion, while during the finishing period, $1,700\;{\mu}m$ scoria was the best. The P excretion was affected by scoria particle size during growing-finishing periods rather than weanling period. The above findings indicated that the inclusion of different scoria partical sizes in nursery diet resulted to adverse effects on growth performance in contrast to the growing finishing diets wherein the growth performance and carcass quality were not affected. Finally, scoria regardless of particle size proved to be effective in reducing N and P excretion and can be considered an environment friendly mineral source for growing-finishing hog diets.

한라산 중산간 방목지에서의 (放牧地) 월동기 야외사육이 제주한우 번식우의 체중 변화 및 번식능력에 미치는 영향

강수원(S . W . Kang),박남건(N . G . Park),오운용(W . Y . Oh),오창언(C . E . Oh),고서봉(S . B . Ko) 한국영양사료학회 1995 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.19 No.5

제주지역내 육지한우 사육 및 번식실태 조사

강수원(S . W . Kang),박남건(N . G . Park),고서봉(S . B . Ko),정선부(S . B . Chung),오영철(Y . C . Oh) 한국영양사료학회 1996 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.20 No.6

제주지역의 해발높이와 목초혼파조합에 따른 토양 및 목초의 무기물간 상호관계

김문철 ( M C Kim ),고서봉 ( S B Ko ) 한국축산학회 1994 한국축산학회지 Vol.36 No.4

The relationship between the mineral contents of soil and forages of different mixture,, grown at different altitudes was determined during the period from Sept. 1985 to Nov. 1988. Available phosphoua, exchangeable Ca and Mg contents in soil increased while total nitrogen and exchangeable K decreased at the lowest altitude. In the years following the establishment of grasses. available phosphates and exchangeable Mg contents in soil became higher, while exchangeable K and Na were lower. Pasture mixed with 41% tall fescue taken in 1988 tended to decrease in K content. :Mixtures with white clover during Vie two years from 1987 to 1988 were higher in N and Na contents than those with alfalfa. In both 1987 and 1988. N, P and K contents in soil correlated significantly with those in pasture plant (P$lt;0.01) but there was statistically no difference in Na between soil and pasture plants.