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Assessment of Lower Limb Motor Function, Ambulation, and Balance After Stroke
Yoo Yeun Jie,임성훈 대한뇌신경재활학회 2022 뇌신경재활 Vol.15 No.2
Restoration of ambulation is important for stroke patients. Valid and reliable methods are required for the assessment of lower limb functional status. We reviewed the psychometric properties of methods employed to assess lower extremity motor function, ambulation, and balance, with a focus on stroke patients. We define “motor function” as the ability to produce bodily movements when the brain, motor neurons, and muscles interact. “Ambulation” is defined as the ability to walk with or without a personal assistive device, and “balance” as the ability to maintain stability (without falling) during various physical activities. The Motricity Index and Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Lower Extremities assess the motor function of the lower limbs. The Functional Ambulation Category, 10-m Walk Test, and 6-minute Walk Test assess ambulation. The Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go Test, Functional Reach Test, and Trunk Impairment Scale explore balance. All these tests exhibit high-level validity and have good inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities. However, only 3 methods have been formally translated into Korean. The methods discussed here can be used for standardized assessment, personalized goal setting, rehabilitation planning, and estimation of therapeutic efficacy.
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Diaphragm Ultrasound is an Image Biomarker of AECOPD
( Tai Joon An ),( Yeun Jie Yoo ),( Jeong Uk Lim ),( Seohyun Kim ),( Chan Kwon Park ),( Chin Kook Rhee ),( Hyoung Kyu Yoon ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.-
Background The importance of evaluating the diaphragm muscle in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is widely accepted. However, the role of diaphragm ultrasound (DUS) in COPD patients is not fully understood. Methods COPD patients who underwent DUS were enrolled between March 2020 and November 2020. The diaphragm thickening fraction (TFmax) and diaphragm excursion (DEmax) during maximal deep breathing were measured. Patients were divided into exacerbation and stable groups. Demographics, lung function, and DUS findings were compared between stable and exacerbation groups. Results Fifty-five patients were enrolled. The exacerbation group had a lower body mass index (BMI) (20.9 vs. 24.2, p < 0.01), lower TFmax (94.8 ± 8.2% vs. 158.4 ± 83.5%, p = 0.01), and lower DEmax (30.8 ± 11.1 mm vs. 40.5 ± 12.5 mm, p < 0.01) compared to stable group. The patients were divided into low and high TFmax and DEmax groups based on calculated TFmax and DEmax cut-off values. Low TFmax (odds ratio [OR] 8.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6-45.6) and low DEmax (OR 11.5; 95% CI 1.2-115.6) were associated with AECOPD after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (Figure 1). Conclusion Diaphragm Ultrasound findings, such as TFmax and DEmax, distinguished exacerbation from stable COPD status.
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