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Feeding-based RNA Interference of RSV Genes in RSV-viruliferous Laodelphax striatellus
Saes Byeol An,Ying Fang,Jae Young Choi,Seok-Hee Lee,Jong Hoon Kim,Shin Sang Woon,Woo Jin Kim,Yeon Ho Je 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
Rice stripe virus (RSV) is one of the serious plant pathogenic viruses for rice transmitted by small brown planthopper, SBPH, Laodalphax striatellus. RNA interference (RNAi) is an universal gene-knockdown mechanism in eukaryotic organisms which includes insects,and has been considered as an alternative strategy to control insect pests. Hence, we applied this technique to interfere the translation of target RNA genes to knockdown the virus gene on RSV-viruliferous L. striatellus. Three out of seven RSV genes, RdRp, NS3, and NCP were used as target genes and each dsRNA targeting the viral genes were delivered to the insects indirectly through the rice leaves by irrigation. As a result, not only the relative expression level of target genes decreased but also those of non-target genes and the replication of RSV genome as well. In summary, leaf-mediated dsRNA feeding methods would be useful in the knockdown of target genes on piercing-sucking insects. The genes used in this experiment can be utilized for the development of pest-resistant transgenic plants based on RNAi.
Clinical Decision of Surgical Management: Benign Lesions
( Sae Byeol Choi ) 대한간학회 2019 Postgraduate Courses (PG) Vol.2019 No.1
Benign liver tumors are a heterogeneous group of lesions with different cellular origins. These lesions are often found incidentally due to widespread use of imaging studies and usually have a benign course. Traditionally the management of benign hepatic tumors has been conservative. With increased need of diagnostic imaging studies and improvement in their resolution, detection of liver lesions has increased. Benign liver tumors are categorized as solid tumor and cystic tumor. In this review, Hepatic hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), Hepatic adenoma, Liver cyst, and Biliary cystadenoma have been summarized. Currently, there is a controversy with the choice of treatment; observation with follow up imaging studies versus resection for incidental hepatic lesions. Surgical indications of benign lesion were symptomatic tumors, tumors having malignant potential. For hepatic hemangioma, due to its benign course, imaging follow-up is not required for typical haemangioma. Surgery is considered when lesions are symptomatic by compression. Surgery is debatable when large hepatic adenoma or lesions with mild symptoms. For a typical FNH lesion, follow-up is not necessary unless there is underlying vascular liver disease. If imaging is atypical, or the patient is symptomatic. Surgery is considered. And asymptomatic adenomas greater than 5 cm is indication for surgery. The management for adenomas is based primarily on imaging criteria, expression of associated immunohistochemical markers and molecular findings. Patients indicated for resection include those with symptomatic tumors or lesions in which malignancy cannot be excluded. The risk of potential complications and the severity of symptoms need to be weighed against surgical risk. The presence of comorbidity, prolonged surgical time and incomplete resections are associated with major morbidity. Recent advanced in minimally invasive surgery including laparoscopic liver resection has become a principle mode of resection for benign hepatic tumors.
Choi, Gi Hong,Kim, Dong Hyun,Choi, Sae Byeol,Kang, Chang Moo,Kim, Kyung Sik,Choi, Jin Sub,Lee, Woo Jung,Han, Kwang Hyub,Chon, Chae Yoon,Kim, Byong Ro Blackwell Publishing Asia 2009 Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology Vol.24 No.3
<P>Abstract</P><P>Background and Aim: </P><P>Previous studies have reported different risk factors for early and late intrahepatic recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the prognostic significance of the risk factors for early and late recurrence has not been clarified.</P><P>Methods: </P><P>A total of 190 Hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patients who received curative resection for HCC were reviewed. We investigated prognostic factors for disease-free and overall survival after resection, and further analyzed the relationship between significant prognostic factors and risk factors for early (≤14 months) and late (>14 months) intrahepatic recurrence.</P><P>Results: </P><P>The 5-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 43.9% and 71.5%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, adverse prognostic factors for disease-free survival were presence of serum HBeAg, perioperative transfusion, and the presence of portal vein invasion (PVI) and/or intrahepatic metastasis (IM). Multivariate analysis revealed that overall survival was associated with ICG R15, serum albumin, Edmondson–Steiner grade, and the presence of PVI and/or IM. Independent risk factors for early intrahepatic recurrence were perioperative transfusion and PVI and/or IM, whereas positivity for HBeAg was the only risk factor for late recurrence. In addition, post-recurrence survival in patients with late intrahepatic recurrence was completely comparable to that of patients who never experienced recurrence.</P><P>Conclusions: </P><P>The presence of serum HBeAg, the risk factor for late intrahepatic recurrence did not affect overall survival after resection because late recurrence was relatively well controlled by current available treatments. To further improve long-term surgical outcomes, effective treatment and preventive methods for early intrahepatic recurrence should be investigated.</P>