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Song, Choong Eui,Jung, Da-un,Choung, Su Yhen,Roh, Eun Joo,Lee, Sang-gi WILEY-VCH Verlag 2004 Angewandte Chemie Vol.43 No.45
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>A simple and highly efficient method for the Friedel–Crafts alkenylation of aromatic compounds has been developed by using a metal triflate (OTf) catalyst in an ionic liquid (see scheme, bmim=1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium). Not only is the catalytic activity significantly enhanced in the ionic liquid and by-product formation decreased, but some reactions that were not possible in conventional organic solvents were shown to proceed smoothly. <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2004-43-45-ANIE200460292-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2004-43-45-ANIE200460292-content'> </P>
Anti-Proliferative Effects of Estrogen Receptor-Modulating Compounds Isolated from Rheum palmatum
Kang, Se-Chan,Lee, Chang-Min,Choung, Eui-Su,Bak, Jong-Phil,Bae, Jong-Jin,Yoo, Hyun-Sook,Kwak, Jong-Hwan,Zee, Ok-Pyo 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.6
The Rheum palmatum L., a traditional medicine in Korea, was screened for their estrogenic activity in a recombinant yeast system with a human estrogen receptor (ER) expression plasmid and a reporter plasmid used in a previous study. The $EC_{50}$ values of the n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water fractions of the methanolic extract of R. palmatum in the yeast-based estrogenicity assay system were 0.145, 0.093, 0.125, 1.459, $2.853\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively, with marked estrogenic activity in the dichloromethane fraction. Using an activity-guided fractionation approach, five known anthraquinones, chrysophanol (1), physcion (2), emodin (3), aloe-emodin (4) and rhein (5), were isolated from the dichloromethane fraction. Compound 3 had the highest estrogenic relative potency (RP, 17bestradiol = 1.00) ($6.3{\times}10^{-2}$), followed by compound 4 ($3.8{\times}10^{-3}$), compound 5 ($2.6{\times}10^{-4}$), and compound 1 ($2.1{\times}10^{-4}$). Also, compound 3 and fraction 3 (which contained compound 3) of the dichloromethane fraction of R. palmatum showed strong cytotoxicity in both ER-positive (MCF-7) and -negative (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cell lines.
Song, Won-Seob,Park, Keum-Joo,Choung, Eui-Su The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2011 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.24 No.3
Saururus chinensis is used as a raw material of an anti-rheumatic, poultice, sedative and stomachic. The tea of dried Saururus chinensis leaves has a function of relaxing pains in back and breast and of treating stomach ailments. The plant has the functions of anti-inflammatory, depurative, diuretic, febrifuge and refrigerant. The extraction of functional material is carried out by methanol and ethanol solvents. Mechanochemical grinding is applied as a pretreatment process before extraction to enhance the extraction efficiency by increasing the surface area of the materials while changing the chemical properties of the materials. Extraction of functional materials from the Saururus chinensis after grinding as a pretreatment using the mechanochemical technology was accomplished in this study to investigate the effect of grinding on the antioxidant activities of the extract. Saururus chinensis was ground by the planetary ball mill and the morphology was analyzed by SEM. Mechanochemical pretreatment increased the yields of functional materials from 5.9 g to 6.4, 7.0, and 8.1 g after grinding of 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours, respectively. Nitrite scavenging ability increased from 53.0-71.0% to 61.0-79.0% for the methanol extraction in the solution of pH 1.2. Also, Electron donating abilities were increased from 7.90-33.51% to 11.97-38.51% for the methanol extraction. The extract concentration for the half inhibition of DPPH radicals was reduced from $278{\mu}g/mL$ in the original sample to $263{\mu}g/mL$ in the sample after grinding for the methanol extraction.
Boo, Hee-Ock,Shin, Jeoung-Hwa,Choung, Eui-Su,Bang, Mi-Ae,Choi, Kyung-Min,Song, Won-Seob The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2013 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.26 No.3
The objective of this study was determined to evaluate ${\alpha}$-amylase, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, pancreatic lipase inhibition in vitro and DPPH radical scavenging activity of the several Korean resources plants. The ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory activity of Salicornia herbacea, Erythronium japonicum (flower) and Phragmites communis (root) in water extract showed relatively high 62.8%, 66.5% and 69.3%, respectively. The ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory activity of Citrus junos (pericarp) and Cornus officinalis in methanol extract was found to have an effect with 32.8% in Citrus junos (pericarp) and 60.9% in Cornus officinalis. Corylopsis coreana in both water and methanol extract had the highest ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 81.7% and 89.5%, while the extract of Portulaca oleracea, Ficus carica and Citrus junos was not measured ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity at given experiment concentration. Depending on the extraction solvent and the plant species, it was observed that there was a significant difference in ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity showed relatively higher in the methanol extract than water extract except pericarp of Citrus junos. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of selected plants was much difference between measured plant species, and showed that the increase was proportional to the concentration. These results suggested that selected plants had the potent biological activity on carbohydrate, lipid Inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity, therefore these plant resources could be a good materials to develop medicinal preparations, nutraceuticals or health functional foods for diabetes or obesity.
Assessment on Antioxidant Potential and Enzyme Activity of Some Economic Resource Plants
Boo, Hee-Ock,Shin, Jeoung-Hwa,Shin, Ji-San,Choung, Eui-Su,Bang, Mi-Ae,Choi, Kyung-Min,Song, Won-Seob The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2012 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.25 No.3
The antioxidant potential and enzyme activities in Salicornia herbacea, Corylopsis coreana, Erythronium japonicum, Phragmites communis, Momordica Charantia, Nelumbo nucifera, Salvia plebeia, Portulaca oleracea, Ficus carica, Citrus junos and Cornus officinalis were determined. Their antioxidant activities were measured using DPPH radical scavenging and nitrite scavenging activity. Enzyme activities in investigated plants were evaluated as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). The DPPH scavenging rate from 100 to 2500 $mgL^{-1}$ was the highest in the flower of Corylopsis coreana. However, it was not detected in most of the samples at concentration below 100 $mgL^{-1}$. The nitrite scavenging activity according to each kind of resource plants was significantly higher in the stem of Corylopsis coreana and leaf of Nelumbo nucifera. The root extract of Erythronium japonicum had the highest SOD enzyme activity of 94.0% while leaf of Salvia plebeia showed the lowest SOD enzyme activity of 30.4%. The activity of CAT and APX showed higher values in the stem of Corylopsis coreana, root of Erythronium japonicum and root of Phragmites communis in comparison with other plants. The activity of POD showed significantly high values in stem of Corylopsis coreana, Momordica Charantia and pericarp of Citrus junos extracts. The antioxidant enzyme activities differ significantly in different plants. In conclusion, we showed that Corylopsis coreana, Erythronium japonicum Cornus officinalis, and Momordica Charantia had the potent biological activities. Therefore, these plant resources showing antioxidant activity could be good materials for development of source of functional healthy food.
( Eun Jeong Jang ),( Young Eun Lee ),( Phil Hoon Choung ),( Chang Kook You ),( Su Kyung Kim ),( Young Sook Son ),( So Young Chun ),( Hong In Shin ),( Shin Yoon Kim ),( Eui Kyun Park ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2008 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.5 No.4
Calcium metaphosphate(CMP) is proposed as a bone substitute. We previously have shown that CMP has favorable biocompatibility and ability to stimulate osteoblastic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells(hBMSCs). In the present study, we investigate the effects of K or Na ion incorporated CMP block`s biodegradability, cytotoxicity, adhesion, osteogenicity and suitable pore size. A Pure CMP block and CMP blocks containing either 5 mol%(Na2O5-CMP) or 5 mol% K2O(K5-CMP) with pore sizes of 300 or 600 μm were prepared. Porous K5- CMP blocks incubated in a simulated body fluid(SBF) for 1, 7, and 21 days showed significant weight reduction compared to the pure and Na5-CMP blocks. The ion-incorporated CMP blocks did not show cytotoxic response to hBMSCs. Osteoblastic differentiation of hBMSCs in vitro measured by RT-PCR, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and von Kossa staining revealed that there were no differences among them. However, porous CMP blocks with 300 μm pores retained more von Kossa-positive colonies, compared to those with 600 μm. According to these results, biodegradability of CMP could be controlled by addition of K2O retaining biocompatibility, and the CMP blocks with 300 μm size pores can retain cell adhesion effectively and support osteoblastic differentiation in vitro.