Methodological Study on the Evaluation of Face Mask Use Scale among Public Adult: Cross-Language and Psychometric Testing

Lam, Simon Ching,Chong, Andy Chun Yin,Chung, Jessie Yuk Seng,Lam, Ming Yee,Chan, Lai Man,Shum, Cho Yee,Wong, Eliza Yi Ni,Mok, Yat Man,Lam, Ming Tat,Chan, Man Man,Tong, Ka Ying,Chu, Oi Lee,Siu, Fong Ki 한국성인간호학회 2020 성인간호학회지 Vol.32 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to establish the translation adequacy and examine the psychometric properties of FaceMask Use Scale (FMUS). Methods: This methodological study employed a cross-sectional design with repeatedmeasures. Phase 1 examined the equivalence and relevance of English and Chinese versions of FMUS. Phase2 examined the internal consistency, stability and construct validity. Different sample batches (213 universitystudents and 971 general public) were used appropriately for psychometric testing. The 2-phase data were collectedbetween January and April 2017. Results: In Phase 1, the semantic equivalence and relevance (item- and scale-levelcontent-validity-index=100%) was satisfactory. Furthermore, from 133 paired test-retest responses, the quadraticweighted kappa (.53~.73, p<.001) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC=.81) between the English andChinese version of FMUS were satisfactory. In Phase 2, FMUS demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency(Cronbach’s ⍺=.80~.81; corrected item-total correlation coefficients=.46~.67) and two-week test-retest stability(ICC=.84). The known-groups method (t=3.08, p<.001), exploratory (71.10% of total variance in two-factor model)and confirmatory factory analysis (x2/df=4.02, Root Mean Square Residual=.03, Root Mean Square Error ofApproximation=.06, Goodness of Fit Index=.99, Comparative Fit Index=.99) were all satisfactory for establishingthe construct validity. Conclusion: The FMUS has an equivalence Chinese and English versions, satisfactoryreliability and validity for measuring the practice of face mask use. This poses clinical and research implications forthose community health nurses who works on respiratory protection. Further research should be conducted on the‘negligent practice’ of FMU.

THE LATEST TRENDS IN HUANGMEI OPERA : REALISM BASED ON CHINESE DRAMAS AS REFLECTED IN LEIYU (THUNDERSTORM) AND OTHERS

CHING-WAH LAM 아시아음악학회 2012 Asian Musicology Vol.19 No.-

Profiling Tourists` Roles and Motives in Macao -Why Did They Come During the Shoulder Seasons?

Ching Chi Cindia Lam,Tze Ngai Louis Vong 한국문화관광학회 2008 문화관광연구 Vol.10 No.1

PROFILING TOURISTS' ROLES AND MOTIVES IN MACAO

Ching-Chi (Cindia) LAM, Tze-Ngai (Louis) VONG 세계문화관광학회 2007 Conference Proceedings Vol.8 No.0

Twenty-one million tourists have come to Macao during Year 2006, and a further 17% increase is expected for Year 2007. This is an astonishing figure where there is only 526 thousands population and an area of 28.2 square kilometer. This research has investigated and identified the roles and motives of the tourists coming to Macao, so investors can best distribute their scare resources, while government can set up strategic plans that balance the benefits between the commercial and residential sectors. Aside from possible opportunities, potential issues or problems with the consideration of sustainable tourism is also discussed. Data collected have undergone factor analysis to identify the influential factors, in which the scenery and landmarks of Macao, the culture and heritage as well as the Portuguese cuisine are the major motives of the visiting tourists.

Profiling Tourists’ Roles and Motives in Macao

Ching-Chi (Cindia) LAM, Tze-Ngai (Louis) VONG 한국문화관광학회 2008 문화관광연구 Vol.10 No.1

Twenty-one million tourists have come to Macao during Year 2006, and a further 17% increase is expected for Year 2007. This is an astonishing figure where there is only 526thousands population and an area of 28.2 square kilometer. This research has investigated and identified the roles and motives of the tourists coming to Macao, so investors can best distribute their scare resources, while government can set up strategic plans that balance the benefits between the commercial and residential sectors. Aside from possible opportunities, potential issues or problems with the consideration of sustainable tourism is also discussed. Data collected have undergone factor analysis to identify the influential factors, in which the scenery and landmarks of Macao, the culture and heritage as well as the Portuguese cuisine are the major motives of the visiting tourists.

Antacids : Indications and Limitations

Ching, chi-Kong,Lam, Shiu-Kum Medical Publications Korea 1995 Medical Progress Vol.17 No.8

The Effects of Tai Chi Exercise on Elders with Osteoarthritis: A Longitudinal Study

Ching-Huey Chen,Susan Fetzer,Miaofen Yen,Paul Lam,Li-Hua Lo 한국간호과학회 2008 Asian Nursing Research Vol.2 No.4

Purpose Tai Chi exercise has been proven to be beneficial among elders with osteoarthritis (OA). The long-term effects of this exercise remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the Tai Chi exercise for Arthritis (TCEA) program on the physical status and quality of life of OA elders. Methods This was a time series study with one group design. Subjects diagnosed with OA of the lower extremities, aged 60 years or over, were recruited from an outpatient clinic at a community teaching hospital. Thirteen participants joined a TCEA exercise class three times per week for 2 years. Physical status including body mass index (BMI), lean body mass, hand grasp strength, flexibility, and equilibrium were measured four times—at baseline, 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years of the TCEA exercise class. Quality of life was also measured at these time points. Results Lean body mass was significantly decreased within the study period (p< .05). Participants experienced significant improvements in physical functioning, role limitations, and social functioning on the dimensions of quality of life (SF-36) (p < .05). Conclusions Elderly people with OA should be encouraged to exercise using Tai Chi for maintaining physical function and improving quality of life. [Asian Nursing Research 2008;2(4):235–241] Purpose Tai Chi exercise has been proven to be beneficial among elders with osteoarthritis (OA). The long-term effects of this exercise remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the Tai Chi exercise for Arthritis (TCEA) program on the physical status and quality of life of OA elders. Methods This was a time series study with one group design. Subjects diagnosed with OA of the lower extremities, aged 60 years or over, were recruited from an outpatient clinic at a community teaching hospital. Thirteen participants joined a TCEA exercise class three times per week for 2 years. Physical status including body mass index (BMI), lean body mass, hand grasp strength, flexibility, and equilibrium were measured four times—at baseline, 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years of the TCEA exercise class. Quality of life was also measured at these time points. Results Lean body mass was significantly decreased within the study period (p< .05). Participants experienced significant improvements in physical functioning, role limitations, and social functioning on the dimensions of quality of life (SF-36) (p < .05). Conclusions Elderly people with OA should be encouraged to exercise using Tai Chi for maintaining physical function and improving quality of life. [Asian Nursing Research 2008;2(4):235–241]

Review : An Update on Post-infectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Role of Genetics, Immune Activation, Serotonin and Altered Microbiome

( Robin Spiller ),( Ching Lam ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2012 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.18 No.3

The literature on post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is reviewed with special emphasis on recent new data. Further accounts of this phenomenon continue to be reported following a range of infections including giardiasis as well as viral and bacterial gastroenteritis. Risk factors such as severity of initial illness, female gender together with adverse psychological factors have been confirmed. Recent evidence of a genetic predisposition needs replication. Animal studies suggest activation of mast cells and inflammation driven impairment of serotonin transporter may be important, which are findings supported by some recent human studies in IBS with diarrhoea. Experimentally induced inflammation leads to damage and remodelling of enteric nerves. Similar changes have been reported in IBS patients with increase in nerves expressing transient receptor potential cation channel V1. While changes in microbiota are very likely this area has yet to be explored using modern techniques. Since the prognosis is for slow improvement, treatments should currently target the key symptoms of diarrhoea and abdominal pain. Future therapies aimed at correcting underlying mechanisms including immune activation and serotonin excess are currently being explored and may provide better treatments in the future. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012;18:258-268)

Colonic Gene Expression and Fecal Microbiota in Diarrhea-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Increased Toll-like Receptor 4 but Minimal Inflammation and no Response to Mesalazine

( Jonna Jalanka ),( Ching Lam ),( Andrew Bennett ),( Anna Hartikainen ),( Fiona Crispie ),( Laura A Finnegan ),( Paul D Cotter ),( Robin Spiller ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2021 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.27 No.2

Background/Aims Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) has been previously associated with evidence of immune activation and altered microbiota. Our aim is to assess the effect of the anti-inflammatory agent, mesalazine, on inflammatory gene expression and microbiota composition in IBS-D. Methods We studied a subset of patients (n = 43) from a previously published 12-week radomized placebo-controlled trial of mesalazine. Mucosal biopsies were assessed by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for a range of markers of inflammation, altered permeability, and sensory receptors including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) at randomization after treatment. All biopsy data were compared to 21 healthy controls. Patient’s stool microbiota composition was analysed through 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Results We found no evidence of increased immune activation compared to healthy controls. However, we did find increased expression of receptors in both sensory pathways and innate immune response including TLR4. Higher TLR4 expression was associated with greater urgency. TLR4 expression correlated strongly with the expression of the receptors bradykinin receptor B2, chemerin chemokine-like receptor 1, and transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1 as well as TLR4’s downstream adaptor myeloid differentiation factor 88. Mesalazine had minimal effect on either gene expression or microbiota composition. Conclusions Biopsies from a well-characterized IBS-D cohort showed no substantial inflammation. Mesalazine has little effect on gene expression and its previous reported effect on fecal microbiota associated with much greater inflammation found in inflammatory bowel diseases is likely secondary to reduced inflammation. Increased expression of TLR4 and correlated receptors in IBS may mediate a general increase in sensitivity to external stimuli, particularly those that signal via the TLR system. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021;27:279-291)

The association of social capital and mental well‐being among older residents living in public housing in Macau Special Administrative Region (S.A.R.) – A qualitative case study of Seac Pai Van

He Michelle Sok I,Lam Agnes Iok Fong,Wong Paul Wai Ching 한국사회복지학회 2024 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.18 No.1

Macau is a rapidly aging city, with 13.8% of the population aged over 65. Social capital has been identified as a crucial protective factor for negative mental health outcomes, yet its relationship with mental health among older adults in Macau remains unclear. This study thematically analyzed the narratives of 19 in‐depth face‐to‐face interviews of Cantonese‐speaking elderly aged 60 or above residing in the Seac Pai Van public housing project, the largest public housing project in Macau. This study aimed to collect information on how social networks and social participation impact their mental well‐being that may shed light on the promotion of resident mental health in future public housing developments. Results revealed shallow social capital in the community and a high prevalence of loneliness among senior residents who resided in the studied estate. The study also shed light on the participants' thoughts on death, including suicidal ideation, and how they are shaped by their mental health situation and environment. The findings highlight the need to revisit the current mental health policy in Macau and address the urban and architectural design and social organization in new communities, empowering communities to build a friendly environment.