The Impact of the SPORTS Participation Motivation of KOREA College Students on Social Support and Social Adaptation

Park Su ul,Kim Dong je J-INSTITUTE 2017 Kinesiology Vol.2 No.2

The purpose of this research is to provide the basic data for college students towards their healthy participa-tion in sports activities by articulating the relationship between the sports participation motivation, social sup-port and social adaptation of the college students participating in the sports activities. In order to achieve this research objective, college students participating in sports activities at five universities during 2017 were selected as the research subjects by using the systematic stratified cluster random sampling method. The self-administration method was used to prepare the survey questionnaire, and the questionnaire survey was conducted by the researcher visiting the research subjects and explaining the purpose of the research to the participants of the collegiate sports activities. The research subjects responded to the survey on the spot, and the researcher retrieved their responses accordingly. As such, a total of 650 copies were distributed, of which the responses whose details were incomplete or absent were excluded from the analysis. In addition, the statistical method was used to undergo the process to remove the extreme values, and 42 samples were excluded, followed by the selection of 608 people as the final valid samples for the final analysis. The collected data then have undergone frequency analysis, reliability analysis and multiple regression anal-ysis using the SPSS version 21.0 program, and the significance level was examined at the p <.05 level to derive the following conclusions. First, as a result of performing the regression analysis of the impact of the participation motivation of the college students’ participation in sports on social support, the motivation subfactors such as health, socialization and recreation seem to have a positive impact on the emotional support. Second, the regression analysis of the participation motivation of the college students’ participation in sports showed that health and social factors, which are subfactors of the participation motivation, have a positive im-pact on adaptation, which is a subfactor of the life adaptation. Third, as a result of analyzing the impact of social support of the college students on the life adaptation, emotional support and information support factors, which are social support facts, have a positive impact on the adaptation factor, which is a subfactor of the life adaptation. The college students’ participation in sport is based on physical activity, and they feel emotional bond and form friendly relationship, so that through a good relationship with college students, they could have a sense of community and adapt to their school life. Therefore, the sports participation activities help the college students to grow their health, socialization, and pleasure, among others, thereby raising their ability to adapt to social life as a factor, and the efforts to expand their chances to participate in sports, develop sports programs, and secure facilities will be needed. This study suggests strategic approaches to the sport market by analyzing the effects of sport participants’ personality on motivations participated in sport activities and the interrelation of personality, participation mo-tivation and decision factors in purchasing sport products. A total of 737 effective responses over 15 years old, living in the capital city in Korea were chosen by using convenience sampling technique. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20 and Amos 20. The personality of sport and leisure participants seems to have a positive effect on introverted motives for participation in sport activities. In addition, their personalities have a positive effect on extroverted motives for participation in sport activities. Sport and leisure participants’ personalities also have a positive effect on product factor and have a positive effect on the image factor in purchasing sport products. On the other hand, sport leisure participa

Study of Factors Effecting Continuous Participation in Sports Activity Among Obese Children`s

( Jin Sun Choi ),( Kyung Sook Kim ) 한국체육학회 2015 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Purpose: This study is aimed at finding out the causing factor of obese children`s lack of continuing participation in sports. Method: For this research, we chose 6 children and 5 of their parents from S elementary school in Seoul who have participated in sports activity for obese children before, and we interviewed, observed, and reviewed the related documents. The result has been proved by triangulation, discussion with professionals, and examination by research participants. Through the method mentioned, we first categorized the causing factor of obese children lacking continuous sports participation into awareness and participation in sports, deficiency in sports participation, and experiment in sports activity and cause for change, and then we specified each factor. Result: First, the research participants had recognized the need of sports activity for change in their body shape, however, since this recognition was just focused on simple aesthetic perspective, it could not be lead to continuous involvement in sports activity. In the case of obese children, they recognized sports activity as a way to get slimmer and lose weight, and their parents focused on the same aspect. Also, the parents used their own exercise experiment as background knowledge. Moreover, the obese children preferred team sports activity to independent activity, and their sports activities are limited to amusement activities only. The fact that the parents did not show enough interest and attention to their children because of their inadequacy in sports activity, lack of will and laziness is also being an obstacle. Second, deficiency in sports activity is affected by their parents, peer group and limitation on their time. We found out that parents affect the start and continuance of obese children`s sports participation. The obese children started sports activity because of their parents, however, the parents did not care for the continuous participation. Even though the children got bored at sports activity, they could persist it if their parents gave enough attention to them. Another factor affecting the continuous participation activity is communication within their peer group. Children identify themselves and feel pleasure when they are getting along with their peer group. This means that participating in sports activity with their friends can positively affect obese children. Moreover, limitation upon their time such as studying and working out at the same time also affects the lack of sports activity of obese children. Third, participation in sports program and posterior change is classified as satisfaction after program, the influence of the instructor and the continuance of the sports program. Looking at the satisfaction factor, obese children satisfied with the change in their physical strength in their everyday life, however, they did not satisfy in their weight loss and their ability to work out. Also, factors such as deficiency of program, poor program contents, incomplete facility and indifference of the instructor are also considered as causes of dissatisfaction. Moreover, children felt disappointed when they did not see enough change after the participation whereas parents did not felt disappointment in this part. This is because the children belong to direct participant group and the parents belong to indirect participant group. Furthermore, the interaction between obese children and the instructor was counted as an important factor either. Children wanted more attention from the instructor, and the communication between them was a significant factor affecting continuous involvement of children. Besides, other factors such as time restriction, amusement, social communication between peer group and the contents of the sports program also affected the children`s continuous involvement in sports program. Conclusion: To sum up, to lead continuous participation in sports activity from obese children, the education regarding significance of sports activity is necessary and the parents should be educated either. Also, even weight loss is important for obese children, we should focus on adequate education considering both psychological and physical aspect of these children. Therefore, the school and local government should provide enough support for the program and activate systematic, long-term education policy for obese children.

체육활동 참가변인별 신체적,정신적 건강효과에 대한 금전적 가치 및 심리적 행복감 분석

박영옥,허현미 한국스포츠사회학회 2008 한국스포츠사회학회지 Vol.21 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 규칙적으로 체육활동에 참여하고 있는 전국의 15세 이상 인구 2,000명을 대상으로 참가자의 주관적 평가를 통해서 체육활동의 신체적ㆍ정신적 건강효과에 대한 금전적 가치를 각각 규명하고, 심리적 행복감을 분석하는데 있다. 연구결과 첫째, 체육활동을 함으로써 얻은 신체적 건강효과에 대한 월평균 금전적 가치평가액은 329,700원으로 나타났다. 체육활동의 참가빈도에 따른 신체적 건강효과에 대한 금전적 가치평가액의 평균값이 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(F=3.851, p<.05). 또한 체육활동의 참가시간이 신체적 건강효과에 대한 금전적 가치평가액에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(β= .151, R²=.023, p<.001). 둘째, 체육활동을 함으로써 얻은 정신적 건강효과에 대한 월평균 금전적 가치평가액은 465,100원으로 나타났다. 체육활동의 참가빈도에 따른 정신적 건강효과에 대한 금전적 가치평가액의 평균값이 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(F=3.246, p<.05). 또한 체육활동의 참가시간이 정신적 건강효과에 대한 금전적 가치평가액에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(β= .119, R²=.014, p<.001). 셋째, 체육활동을 함으로써 얻은 심리적 행복감을 측정하기 위해 6개 항목(즐거움, 행복감, 활력성, 몰입성, 목표성, 표현성)에 대하여 5점 척도로 평가하였다. 심리적 행복감의 각 항목별 평균점수를 분석한 결과 즐거움 3.98점, 행복감 3.95점, 활력성 4.05점, 몰입성 4.01점, 목표성 3.94점, 표현성 3.81점으로 나타났고, 전체 평균은 3.96점(백점기준 환산; 79.2점)으로 나타났다. 체육활동의 참가빈도에 따른 심리적 행복감은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(F=3.179, p<.05). 체육활동의 참가시간은 심리적 행복감을 설명해주는 영향력은 낮지만 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다(β= .089, R²=.008, p<.001). 본 연구의 결과는 규칙적 체육활동 참가자의 주관적인 평가이기는 하지만 전국 규모의 할당표집을 통해 대표성을 확보하였고, 규칙적 체육활동 참가가 개인에게 주는 운동효과에 대해 경제적 분석을 시도했다는 측면에서 의의가 있다. The purpose of the study was to make a close inquiry to monetary value on a physical & mental health effect of sports activities through participants’subjective evaluation with 2,000 persons of more than 15 years old in the whole country participating in sports activities regularly and to analyze a psychological happiness. As the results of the study, first, the monthly average monetary value evaluation amount of a physical health effect by sports activities was KRW 329,700. The average value of the monetary value evaluation amount of a physical health effect followed by participation frequency of sports activities had significant differences statistically (F=3.851, p<.05). Also, the participation hours of sports activities had a significant effect statistically on the monetary value evaluation amount of a physical health effect ((β= .151, R²=.023, p<.001). Second, the monthlyaverage monetary value evaluation amount of a mental health effect by sports activities was KRW 465,100. The average value of the monetary value evaluation amount of a mental health effect followed by participation frequency of sports activities had significant differences statistically (F=3.246, p<.05). Also, the participation hours of sports activities had a significant effect statistically on the monetary value evaluation amount of a mental health effect (β= .119, R²=.014, p<.001). Third, to measure a psychological happiness by sports activities, the study evaluated 6 items (Pleasure, happiness, vitality, absorption, target and expression) with a five-point measure. As the results of analyzing the average score by each item, it had 3.98 in pleasure, 3.95in happiness, 4.05 in vitality, 4.01 in absorption, 3.94 in target and 3.81 in expression and the total average was 3.96 (Conversion in the standard of 100 points, 79.2). A psychological happiness followed by participation frequency of sports activities had significant differences statistically (F=3.179, p<.05).The participation hours of sports activities had a significant effect statistically on psychological happiness though the participation hours of sports activities had a very low explanation about evaluation on psychological happiness (β= .089, R²=.008, p<.001). The study has its meaning in the fact that the study secured representation through national-scale quota sampling and attempted an economical analysis on a personal exercise effect by a regular participation in sports activities though the results of the study were a subjective evaluation of people who participated in regular sports activities.

대학생들의 스포츠 참여유형과 리더십의 관계

현진택(Jin Taek Hyun) 한국사회체육학회 2008 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.34

The purpose of this study is to analyze whether college students` participation in the sports activities has an affirmative effect to the leadership ability by undertaking comparative research on the correlations between them. For this study, total 360 college students (180 male and female students respectively) of the north Cholla province were interviewed. The questionnaires consist of 11 on the patterns of their participation in the sports and 30 on the measurement of their leadership ability. Concerning the differences of the leadership ability by the patterns of their participation in the sports, the research was done by the method of the dual analysis of variance after treating each factors such as sex and the patterns as independent variables. The followings are the summary of the result which came out from the study. 1. The differences in the leadership appearby sex and between the group who participate in the sports and non-participants. The differences are within the limit of allowable error. And without regard to sex, the leadership of the sports participating group is higher than non-participating group. It became more notable to male students than female students. 2. In accordance with the period of the participation and sex, some leadership differences within the limit of allowable error are also identified. For male students, the longer they participated in the sports, the higher their leaderships are. However, for female students their leadership scores are increased for the first 3 to 4 years but these are decreased from 5th year and after. 3. Some leadership differences within the limit of allowable error are noticed by the patterns of participation in the sports and sex. The leadership score of the group sports participants generally come out higher than that of the participants in the individual sports. And the gap is wider among female students than male students. 4. The leadership scores appear higher among those who participate in the sports after joining the sports clubs or the sports circles than non-joined students disregarding sex. And the gap is wider among female students than male students. 5. The leadership scores are higher among the students who work as the core staff member of the club or circle. The gap is wider among female students than male students.

Participation Challenges of Female College Student`s in "Men`s Sports"

( Ji Eun Hong ),( Yong Suk Yim ),( May Kim ) 한국체육학회 2015 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Purpose: Over the last few decades, women`s involvements in sport activities have dramatically increased. However, still some sport activities labeled as ``men`s sports`` (Pirinen, 1997; Fintoff & Scarton, 2001) and participating in those sport activities considered as inappropriate for female especially in Korea. Nonetheless some female students endeavor to participate in those called ``men`s sports``. Therefore the primary purpose of this study was to understand the challenges of female college students` participation in ``men`s sports`` in depth, and to understand difficulties of participate masculine sports activities as a woman. Method: The research was conducted over a six month period and used three primary data collection techniques; participation observation, in-depth interview, and documentary analysis. The interview participants were the students who enrolled for the ``basketball`` elective course in Spring 2015 at Korea University. A total of six female students were recruited for in-depth interviews. Each interview lasted for 45 minutes to an hour. The researcher conducted at least two interviews for each participant. Then all interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data were analyzed as an ongoing process during the study and themes were modified and developed by three researchers. For reliability and validity, the research questions and processes have been opened for the research interviewees. Result: As a result, the challenges that female college students have experienced to participating in ``men`s`` sports , both in and out of class, were categorized as following themes: (1) natural inferiority to men as biological differences, (2) gaps in performance levels, faced with skill-related difficulties, (3) lack of sports related experience; unskilled physical education experiences,(4) behavior forces by society as women such as gender role expectation from a society and gender stereotype in a society, and (5) lack of social support, difficult to join sports club and find individuals to play with after class. During the interviews, the female college students who are challenging herself to participate in ``men`s`` sports, have suggested few improvement directions, such as open ``female-only`` basketball, baseball or soccer university elective courses to improve participation and interest and introduce different teaching methods by directors, rather encourage female students to try harder and not give them excuse on one`s failure or limitation. Conclusion: In order to participating various sports or physical activities, female college students need to overcome these difficulties. Sports and physical activities were closely related with ``gender role`` in a society. Therefore, for women, sports activities are often influenced by societal ideologies about the gender-appropriateness of activities, as well as by individual interests and preferences.

생활체육 참여자들의 여가관여에 따른 참여동기, 스포츠몰입, 생활만족간의 관계

손환(Son Hwan),방선희(Bang Seon Hee) 한국체육과학회 2010 한국체육과학회지 Vol.19 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine causal relations among life sports participants' participation motivation, attitudes toward leisure activities and life satisfaction and then concretely present causal relations among related variables according to the leisure activity participation level. Study subjects were 250 life sports participants in Seoul and the capital area as of 2009 and they were sampled with the convenience sampling method. Questionnaire was directly distributed to them and the data of 239 respondents were used in empirical analysis, except data of 11 respondents of which reliability was problematic. And for [mal data, an SEM-based path analysis was carried out using AMOS 7.0 Program. Study findings are as follows: First, life sports participants' participation motivation had a positive influence upon their sports flow and their sports flow had a positive influence upon their life satisfaction. In addition, their participation motivation had a positive influence upon their life satisfaction. Second, in the group of which life sports participants' leisure activity participation level was high, their participation motivation had a positive influence upon their sports flow and their sports flow had a positive influence upon their life satisfaction. Third, in the group of which life sports participants' leisure activity participation level was low, their participation motivation also had a positive influence upon their sports flow and their sports flow also had a positive influence upon their life satisfaction. In addition, their participation motivation had a positive influence upon their life satisfaction.

스포츠 스타 이미지가 초등학생의 스포츠참여에 미치는 영향

박병주(Byung Joo Park),주동욱(Dong Wook Joo) 한국사회체육학회 2010 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.42

The purpose of the study was to offer basic data to suggest sports stars` role and to examine their value for actualization of sports participation by analyzing a positive study on an effect of sports stars` image on elementary school students` participation in sports. To examine an effect of sports stars` image on elementary school students` participation in sports with SPSS WINDOWS 12.0 statistic program by regarding 281 elementary school students located in B metropolitan city to be an object of the study, the study carried out multiple regression analysis. The results of the study were as follows. First there has been a static relationship between sports stars` image and elementary school students` participation in sports. Second, when the study examined an effect of sports stars` image on elementary school boy students` direct participation in sports, in order of external image, exercise image and challenging image, they had a significant effect. Third, when the study examined an effect of sports stars` image on elementary school girl students` direct participation in sports, in order of exercise image, external image and challenging image, they had a significant effect. Fourth, when the study examined an effect of sports stars` image on elementary school boy students` indirect participation in sports, in order of exercise image, external image and challenging image, they had a significant effect. Fifth, when the study examined an effect of sports stars` image on elementary school girl students` indirect participation in sports, in order of external image, exercise image, challenging image and moral image, they had a significant effect.

생활체육참여 효과성에 영향을 미치는 개인적, 사회적 환경요인 분석 : 불완전 참여자와 완전참여자의 비교

이제헌(Lee, Je-Hun),곽훈신(Kwack, Hun-Sin),이윤영(Lee, Youn-Young) 한국사회체육학회 2021 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.- No.86

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze personal and social environmental factors that affect the effectiveness of daily sports according to the level of participation in sports, and to distinguish incomplete and full participants to determine what affects group sports participation. Method: The study used data from the “2019 National Sports for Living Survey”. The population of people aged 10 or older in Korea was finally divided into “incomplete participants” and “complete participants” based on a total of 9,000 responses from 17 cities and provinces nationwide. In addition, to identify the characteristics of the subjects and variables, exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted including frequency analysis and descriptive statistical analysis, and reliability was verified through the Cronbach’s α coefficient. An additional T-Test was conducted to examine the effectiveness of the level of participation in sports for all ages. Results: The results of this study are as follows. 1) In the case of the general characteristics of the study subjects, 49.5% (3,256) participated in regular sports activities less than twice a week, and 50.5% (3,321) participated in regular sports activities more than three times a week (including daily). 2) Incomplete participant groups and full participant groups showed that only one factor in each category had a statistically significant impact on both groups, including average monthly household income, health awareness level in health-related factors, and counseling service participation in social environmental factors. 3) Education level and average monthly consumption of sports were statistically significant for incomplete participants. Age, fitness status recognition level and recognition of sports facilities were statistically significant for full participants. Conclusion: In summary, it is significant in that it suggests that policies for the spread of sports for all should be differentiated by considering the characteristics of those with low socioeconomic levels and those with weak health. In the case of incomplete participants in sports for all, policies are needed to compensate for the deterioration of effectiveness due to economic standards, and in the case of full participants, promotion and expansion of sports facilities that are easy and convenient to use in the living area are key factors.

노인의 스포츠사회환경에 따른 주관적 건강과 스포츠참가정도의 차이

동영주(Dong Young-Ju),이원미(Lee Won-Mi) 한국사회체육학회 2021 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.- No.83

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in sports social environment, subjective health, and degree of participation in sports among the elderly. Method: This study was computerized according to the research purpose using the SPSS 24.0 program. First, frequency analysis and cross-analysis were conducted to find out the difference in the sports environment, subjective health, and degree of sports participation of the elderly. Second, one-way variance and scheffe analysis were performed to find out the difference between subjective health and sports participation according to the sports social environment of the elderly. Results: First, according to the demographic variables of the elderly and all age groups, there were significant differences in sports social environment, subjective health, and degree of participation in elderly sports. There were significant differences in sports social environment in age and subjective health perception according to gender and age. Also, there were differences in the frequency and intensity of sports participation according to gender and age excluding participation period. Second, the subjective health according to the sports environment of the elderly showed significant differences in transportation means, information collection routes, and major facilities. Third, there was a significant difference in the degree of participation in sports according to the sports social environment. There was a difference in a residential area, means of transportation, the time required, and major facilities of the elderly as for sports participation duration, frequency, and intensity. Information collection routes had a difference in intensity. Conclusion: First, there are significant differences in sports social factors, subjective health, and the degree of participation in sports according to demographic variables. Second, there is a big difference in subjective health according to sports, social and environmental factors of the elderly. Third, it is found that there is a significant difference in the degree of sports participation according to the sports social environment of the elderly.

성인의 스포츠활동 참여동기 활성화 및 참여장애 개선 방안 연구

황문수,이종형 한국체육정책학회 2012 한국체육정책학회지 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study is to re-discover sports events of adults participating in sports activities using commercial sports facilities and obtain basic data for development of adults' physical education in order to help adults participate in sports activities more effectively. The researcher conducted a survey of the following items on 764 adults that utilize commercial sport facilities located in K-do and D metropolitan city; the influence of motive and obstacle to participation in commercial sports facilities having on satisfaction degree of participation and satisfaction degree of life. The items used in the preceding study was used after correcting and complementing in accordance with this study. The collected research data was computerized using SAS program and LISREL; the findings were as follows. Motive of, obstacle to and satisfaction degree of participation are different according to demo-sociological characteristics and participating events of sports. When motive participating in sports activities is high, satis faction degree of participation is high. When satisfaction degree of participation is high, satisfaction degree of life is also high. When obstacle to participation is high, satis faction degree of participation is low. When satisfaction degree of participation is low, satisfaction degree of life is also low. Demo-sociological characteristics, participating events of sports activities, motive of participation and obstacle to participation are having direct influence on satisfaction degree of participation in sports activities and satisfaction degree of life.