Nano-medicine effectiveness in pediatric patients: An artificial intelligence investigation

Shaona Wang,Fan Yang Techno-Press 2023 Advances in nano research Vol.15 No.2

Emerge of nanotechnology has affected many aspects of our life and also triggers research studies in many fields. Nano-medicine are proven to be effective in encountering diseases. In the present study, aspects of the applications and effectiveness of nano-medicine in pediatrics patients are studied. In this regard, using experimental data of previous published researches, combination and dose of nano-medicines are optimized using response surface method and neural-fuzzy inference network. The input parameters of the selected multiple nano-medicines are dose and type and the output is the effectiveness of the combinations using IC50 parameter. A detailed parameter study is presented to observe effects of each inputs on the IC50. The results indicate that personalized scaling of nano-medicine is required in therapy of pediatric diseases such as cancers.

나노생명공학에 대한 윤리적 고찰

김남준 ( Nam Joon Kim ) 한국윤리학회 2007 倫理硏究 Vol.65 No.1

Efficacy of nano-drugs in muscle injury rehabilitation and fatigue relief

Zicheng Wang,Yanqing Liu,Haibo Wang,Dai Liu,Niuniu Yang,Mengying Lv Techno-Press 2023 Advances in nano research Vol.14 No.1

Gold nanoparticles have recognized a promising drug carriers in many diseases. These nanoparticles could carry anti-inflammatory drugs in the case of muscle injury and for fatigue relief. On the other hand, specific surface of this kind of nanoparticles could be critical in amount of drug they could carry. Therefore, in this study, we explore different methodology and influencing parameters on the specific surface of gold nanoparticles. After specifying the main parameters, different machine learning and artificial neural network are adopted to model the effects of different parameters. Furthermore, response surface methodology is utilized to obtain a quadrilateral relationship between different parameters and specific surface. The results indicate that concentration of the gold salt solution is the most important parameter in increasing the size of gold nanoparticle and, as a consequence, increasing specific surface. Moreover, the ability of gold nanoparticles in prolonging retention of the drugs is discussed in detail.

Transcatheter intra-arterial infusion of doxorubicin loaded porous magnetic nano-clusters with iodinated oil for the treatment of liver cancer

Jeon, M.J.,Gordon, A.C.,Larson, A.C.,Chung, J.W.,Kim, Y.I.,Kim, D.H. IPC Science and Technology Press 2016 Biomaterials Vol.88 No.-

<P>A promising strategy for liver cancer treatment is to deliver chemotherapeutic agents with multifunctional carriers into the tumor tissue via intra-arterial (IA) transcatheter infusion. These carriers should release drugs within the target tissue for prolonged periods and permit intra-procedural multi-modal imaging of selective tumor delivery. This targeted transcatheter delivery approach is enabled via the arterial blood supply to liver tumors and utilized in current clinical practice which is called chemoembolization or radioembolization. During our study, we developed Doxorubicin (Dox) loaded porous magnetic nano-clusters (Dox-pMNCs). The porous structure and carboxylic groups on the MNCs achieved high-drug loading efficiency and sustained drug release, along with magnetic properties resulting in high MRI T2-weighted image contrast. Dox-pMNC within iodinated oil, Dox-pMNCs, and Dox within iodinated oil were infused via hepatic arteries to target liver tumors in a rabbit model. MRI and histological evaluations revealed that the long-term drug release and retention of Dox-pMNCs within iodinated oil induced significantly enhanced liver cancer cell death. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

A review: Synthetic strategy control of magnetite nanoparticles production

Yusoff, Ahmad H.M.,Salimi, Midhat N.,Jamlos, Mohd F. Techno-Press 2018 Advances in nano research Vol.6 No.1

Iron oxide nanoparticles excite researcher interest in biomedical applications due to their low cost, biocompatibility and superparamagnetism properties. Magnetic iron oxide especially magnetite ($Fe_3O_4$) possessed a superparamagnetic behaviour at certain nanosize which beneficial for drug and gene delivery, diagnosis and imaging. The properties of nanoparticles mainly depend on their synthesis procedure. There has been a massive effort in developing the best synthetic strategies to yield appropriate physico-chemical properties namely co-precipitation, thermal decomposition, microemulsions, hydrothermal and sol-gel. In this review, it is discovered that magnetite nanoparticles are best yielded by co-precipitation method owing to their simplicity and large production. However, its magnetic saturation is within range of 70-80 emu/g which is lower than thermal decomposition and hydrothermal methods (80-90 emu/g) at 100 nm. Dimension wise, less than 100 nm is produced by co-precipitation method at $70^{\circ}C-80^{\circ}C$ while thermal decomposition and hydrothermal methods could produce less than 50 nm but at very high temperature ranging between $200^{\circ}C$ and $300^{\circ}C$. Thus, co-precipitation is the optimum method for pre-compliance magnetite nanoparticles preparation (e.g., 100 nm is fit enough for biomedical applications) since thermal decomposition and hydrothermal required more sophisticated facilities.

핵의학 방사선 작업종사자 피폭 감소 방안에 대한 연구

이왕희(Wanghui Lee),안성민(Sungmin Ahn) 한국방사선학회 2019 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구는 다양한 종류의 차폐체가 가진 차폐 효율을 확인하고, 인체모형 팬텀을 활용해 깊이에 따른 장기별 선량을 측정한 것이다. 개인방사선량측정기를 이용한 차폐체 차폐효율 측정 결과 다양한 차폐체 중나노텅스텐으로 구성된 1.1 mm RNS-TX가 가장 높은 차폐 효율을 보였고, 0.2 mm 납 차폐체가 가장 낮은 차폐 효율을 보였다. 99m Tc 30 mCi를 120분 동안 팬텀에 노출시킨 뒤 장기가 받은 선량 측정 결과. 방사선 방호복을 착용하지 않은 경우, 0.25 mm Pb, 0.5 mm Pb 방호복을 착용한 경우, 장기의 평균 선량은 각각 20. 53 mSv, 8.75 mSv, 6.03 mSv로 나타났다. 131 I 2 mCi를 120분 동안 팬텀에 노출시킨 뒤 장기가 받은 선량 측정 결과, 방사선 방호복을 착용하지 않은 경우, 0.25 mm Pb, 0.5 mm Pb 방호복을 착용한 경우, 장기의 평균 선량은 각각 7.71 mSv, 4.88 mSv, 2.79 mSv로 나타났다. 18 F 5 mCi를 120분 동안 팬텀에 노출 시킨 뒤장기가 받은 선량 측정 결과. 방사선 방호복을 착용하지 않은 경우, 0.25 mm Pb, 0.5 mm Pb 방호복을 착용한 경우, 장기의 평균 선량은 각각 16.39 mSv, 15.84 mSv, 12.52 mSv로 나타났다. 핵의학 작업종사자의 피폭선량이 한도를 넘지 않는다고 하더라도, 병원 내 타 직군 종사자와 비교 했을 때, 상대적으로 높은 피폭 선량을 보이므로 가볍고 차폐효율이 좋은 차폐물질로 개발된 방사선방호복 착용, 순환 업무, 업무 분담, 오토분주기와 같은 대체 장비 도입 등을 통해 핵의학 작업종사자의 선량을 줄이고, 관리할 수 있어야 한다. This study investigated the shielding efficiency of various types of shielding materials and measured the dose by organ using the phantom. Results of Shielding Efficiency Measurement Using Personal Radiation Meter. Among the various shielding materials, 1.1 mm RNS-TX composed of nano tungsten showed the highest shielding efficiency and 0.2 mm lead shielding showed the lowest shielding efficiency. 99mTc 30 mCi was exposed to the phantom for 120 minutes and the result of the measurement of the organs. 20.53 mSv without radiation protective clothing, 8.75 mSv when wearing 0.25 mm Pb protective clothing, 6.03 mSv when wearing 0.5 mm Pb protective clothing. 131I 2 mCi mCi was exposed to the phantom for 120 minutes and the result of the measurement of the organs. 7.71 mSv without radiation protective clothing, 4.88 mSv when wearing 0.25 mm Pb protective clothing, 2.79 mSv when wearing 0.5 mm Pb protective clothing. 18F 5 mCi was exposed to the phantom for 120 minutes and the result of the measurement of the organs. 16.39 mSv without radiation protective clothing, 15.84 mSv when wearing 0.25 mm Pb protective clothing, 12.52 mSv when wearing 0.5 mm Pb protective clothing. None of the radiation workers working in the nuclear medicine department exceeded the dose limit. However, when compared with other workers in the hospital, they showed a relatively high dose. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare measures to reduce and manage the dose of radiation workers in the nuclear medicine department through the wearing of radiation protective clothing made of lightweight, shielding material with good shielding efficiency, circulation task, task sharing, and substitution equipment such as auto dispenser.

Thermodynamic and kinetic studies sorption of 5-fluorouracil onto single walled carbon nanotubes modified by chitosan

Samane Karimidost,Elham Moniri,Mahsasadat Miralinaghi 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.7

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were functionalized by chitosan and their application was examined in adsorbing an anti-cancer drug, 5-fluorouracil (5Fu). Surface, physical and morphological characteristics of raw SWCNTs and Chitosan-functionalized SWCNTs (Ch-SWCNTs) were extensively characterized by Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effects of various variables such as pH, initial drug concentration, temperature, and contact time on adsorption capacity were also investigated. Thermodynamic parameters such as So, Ho, and Go were estimated. Isotherm and kinetic studies of drug adsorption indicated that the adsorption process followed Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of 5Fu on Ch-SWCNTs was 31.77mg g1 at 298 K, pH 4.0, and 120 min, which is higher than adsorption capacity of SWCNTs (4.12mg g1) in the same conditions. The adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic process in nature, with a slight decreasing in entropy.

Conductive hydrogel-based micro/nanopattern for regenerative medicine applications

Jong Min Lee,Woon Sang Kang,Bong Geun Chung 대한기계학회 2019 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2019 No.4

MINIREVIEW] Cure of tuberculosis using nanotechnology: An overview

Rout George Kerry,Sushanto Gouda,Bikram Sil,다스기티스리,신한성,Gajanan Ghodake,Jayanta Kumar Patra 한국미생물학회 2018 The journal of microbiology Vol.56 No.5

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), a major health issue of the present era. The bacterium inhabits the host macrophage and other immune cells where it modulates the lysosome trafficking protein, hinders the formation of phagolysosome, and blocks the TNF receptor- dependent apoptosis of host macrophage/monocytes. Other limitations such as resistance to and low bioavailability and bio-distribution of conventional drugs aid to their high virulence and human mortality. This review highlights the use of nanotechnology-based approaches for drug formulation and delivery which could open new avenues to limit the pathogenicity of tuberculosis. Moreover phytochemicals, such as alkaloids, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids, extracted from terrestrial plants and mangroves seem promising against M. tuberculosis through different molecular mechanisms. Further understanding of the genomics and proteomics of this pathogenic microbe could also help overcome various research gaps in the path of developing a suitable therapy against tuberculosis.

핵의학 검사 후 환자의 주위 환경에 따른 표면 선량 평가

이영희(Young-Hee Lee),박재윤(Jae-Yoon Park) 한국방사선학회 2021 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.15 No.7

본 연구는 방사성 동위원소인 99mTc, 18F가 주입된 환자에게서 나오는 감마선이 안정실 벽면 등의 높은 원자번호로 되어있는 물질과 밀착되어 증가하는 산란선으로 인한 표면 선량 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. NEMA 팬텀에 99mTc과 18F을 각각 20, 10 mCi를 주입하여 준비한 뒤 지표면과 1 m 높이에 팬텀을 위치시키고 주위가 빈 공간인 경우와 벽면으로부터 0, 5, 10 cm 거리에 팬텀을 위치시키고 벽면과 마주 보는 팬텀의 동일한 위치에 25개의 OSLD NanoDot을 부착시켜 60분간 표면 선량을 측정하였다. 실험의 재현성을 위하여 각 5회 반복 실험하였으며, 유의성 검정을 위하여 일원 배치 분산분석 (one way Analysis of Variance; ANOVA)을 시행하고 사후 검정으로 Tukey를 사용하였다. 연구결과 주위가 빈 공간인 경우와 0, 5, 10 cm 였을 때 99mTc에서는 각각 220.268, 287.121, 243.957, 226.272 mGy의 표면 선량이 측정되었으며, 18F에서는 각각 637.111, 724.469, 657.107, 640.365 mGy로 측정되었다. 환자가 대기하는 동안 위치에 따른 표면 선량 변화를 줄이기 위해 환자와 밀착되는 땅바닥이나 벽면과의 거리를 10 cm 이상의 거리를 두거나, 에어매트리스 등을 설치하여 산란선을 최대한 예방하는 것이 필요하며, 향후 환자 대기실 및 안정실 등의 구조 설정 시에 벽면 등으로 인한 산란선을 고려해야 하며, 검사 이외에 외부피폭을 감소시킬 수 있다는 점을 증명한 것에 이 연구의 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in surface dose due to increased scattering of gamma rays from patients injected with 99mTc and 18F, which are radioactive isotopes, in close contact with materials with high atomic number such as the walls of the stable room. Prepare 99mTc and 18F by injecting 20 and 10 mCi respectively into the NEMA phantom, and then measuring the surface dose for 60 minutes by positioning the phantom at a height of 1 m above the surface, at a distance of 0, 5 and 10 cm from the wall, and at the same location as the phantom facing the wall. Each experiment was repeated five times for reproducibility of the experiment and one way analysis of variability (ANOVA) was performed for significance testing and Tukey was used as a post-test. The study found that surface doses of 220.268, 287.121, 243.957, and 226.272 mGy were measured at 99mTc, respectively, in the case of empty space and in the case of 0, 5 and 10 cm, while those of 18F were measured at 637.111, 724.469, 657.107, and 640.365 mGy, respectively. In order to reduce changes in surface dose depending on the patient s location while waiting, it is necessary to keep the distance from the ground or the wall where the patient is closely adhered to, or install an air mattress, etc., to prevent the scattered lines as much as possible, considering the scattered lines due to the wall etc. in future setup of the patient waiting room and safety room, and in addition to the examination, the external skin width may be reduced.