폴리설폰 중공사막을 이용한 연소 배기가스 중 이산화탄소 분리에 관한 연구

김성천(Seong Cheon Kim),전정현(Jeong Hyeon Chun),전영남(Young Nam Chun) 大韓環境工學會 2014 대한환경공학회지 Vol.36 No.2

본 연구에서는 폴리설폰 중공사막을 이용하여 화석연료 연소에서 배출되는 온실가스 중 CO₂의 회수에 관한 연구를 실시하였다. 고농도의 CO₂를 회수하기 위한 막분리 공정에 대한 선행연구이다. 혼합가스 분리거동 관찰을 위하여 이산화탄소가 10% 함유된 배기가스를 사용하였다. 압력, 온도, 주입가스 조성, 다단 막 변화를 주어 스테이지 컷에 따른 분리 성능을 조사하였다. 압력과 온도가 증가 할수록 투과측에 CO₂ 농도와 회수율이 증가하였다. 주입 가스 조성 변화 시 CO₂의 함량이 높을 경우 회수율 및 분리 효율이 높아졌다. 3단 분리막 시스템을 이용시 CO₂ 농도 95% 이상, 회수율 90% 이상 보였으며 1단분리막 보다 분리율이 향상되었다. In this research, polysulfone hollow fiber membrane was used to recover CO₂ which is one of greenhouse gases from flue gas stream being emitted after the combustion of fossil fuels. The prerequisite requirement is to design the membrane process producing high-purity CO₂ from flue gas. For separation of CO₂, a membrane module and flue gas containing 10% carbon dioxide was used. The effects of operating conditions such as pressure, temperature, feed gas composition and multi-stage membrane on separation performance were examined at various stage cuts. Higher operating pressure and temperature increased carbon dioxide concentration and recovery ratio in permeate. Recovery ratio and separation efficiency increased if a higher content of CO₂ injection gas composition. Three-stage membrane system was producing a 95% CO₂ with 90% recovery from flue gas. The separation efficiency of three-stage membrane system was higher than one-stage system.

Gas Hydrates: A Cleaner Source of Energy and Opportunity for Innovative Technologies (Review)

Peter Englezos,Ju Dong Lee 한국화학공학회 2005 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.22 No.5

The global energy system is characterized by a gradual de-carbonization and move to cleaner burning tech-is desired. Gas hydrate found in the earth’s crust is considered a source of natural gas that is essentially 100% methane(CH4) gas. Natural gas hydrate estimates worldwide range from 10,000 to 40,000 trillion cubic meters (TCM). Effortsare underway to exploit this resource. These methane hydrates in the earth’s crust also have the potential to be a signif-icant factor in global climate change. Moreover, gas hydrates ofer opportunities for the development of innovativetechnologies (separation of CO2 from CO2/N2 and CO2/H2 mixtures, CO2storage and H2 storage). In this work we assess the progress towards exploitation of gas hydrates as a resource for meth-ane (cleaner energy) and sumarize the state of the art with respect to the role of gas hydrates in the development of innovative technologies.

하이드로퀴논 크러스레이트를 이용한 배가스 분리 특성 연구

이종원 ( Jong Won Lee ),최기종 ( Ki Jong Choi ) 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.49 No.6

배가스로부터 이산화탄소의 분리 특성을 파악하기 위해 유기 화합물인 하이드로퀴논을 이용하여 크러스레이트 화합물을 형성하였다. 형성된 크러스레이트 화합물은 고체 NMR 및 라만 분광법을 이용하여 기체의 포집 거동을 확인하였으며, 기체 분리 효율을 계산하기 위하여 원소 분석기를 통한 정량분석도 함께 수행하였다. 분석 결과 배가스에 포함된 이산화탄소는 질소에 비해 동일한 조건에서 크러스레이트 화합물 내로 더 잘 포집되는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 다양한 압력에서 형성된 시료들을 분석한 결과, 이러한 이산화탄소의 선택적 포집 특성이 매우 낮은 압력에서도 뚜렷한 것으로 확인되어 추가적인 에너지 소모를 적게 하면서도 배가스로부터 이산화탄소를 대규모로 분리/회수하는 것이 가능할 것이라 판단된다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 향후 배가스에 대한 분리 응용 기술이나 혼합 가스의 선택적 분리와 같은 분야에서 중요한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. An organic substance, hydroquinone is used to form clathrate compounds in order to identify separation characteristics of carbon dioxide in flue gas. Formed samples were analyzed by means of the solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Raman spectroscopic methods to examine enclthration behaviors of guest species. In addition, elemnetal analysis was also performed in order to evaluate separation efficiency of CO2 in a quantitative way. Based on the experimental results obtained, CO2 molecules are found to be captured into the clathrate compound more readily than N2 molecules. Moreover, because such preferential enclathration is even more significant at low pressure conditions, CO2 separation/recovery from flue gas can be achieved with minimizing additional energy cost for the technique. Experimental results obtained in this study can provide useful information on separation techniques of flue gas or selective separation of gas mixtures in the future.

Molecularly engineered switchable photo-responsive membrane in gas separation for environmental protection

Aishah Rosli,Siew Chun Low 대한환경공학회 2020 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.25 No.4

In recent years, stimuli-responsive materials have garnered interest due to their ability to change properties when exposed to external stimuli, making it useful for various applications including gas separation. Light is a very attractive trigger for responsive materials due to its speedy and non-invasive nature as well as the potential to reduce energy costs significantly. Even though light is deemed as an appealing stimulus for the development of stimuli-responsive materials, this avenue has yet to be extensively researched, as evidenced by the fewer works done on the photo-responsive membranes. Of these, there are even less research done on photo-responsive materials for the purpose of gas separation, thus, we have collected the examples that answer both these criteria in this review. This review covers the utilisation of photo-responsive materials specifically for gas separation purposes. Photo-chromic units, their integration into gas separation systems, mechanism and research that have been done on the topic so far are discussed.

An autodriven, solar fuel collection for a highly compact, biomimetic-modified artificial leaf without membrane

Kim, Sangkuk,Han, Kiduk,Kim, Wuseok,Jeon, Sangmin,Yong, Kijung Elsevier 2019 Nano energy Vol.58 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hydrogen fuel generation from water splitting has recently attracted much attention due to its high potential as a clean, renewable energy source. To obtain pure H<SUB>2</SUB> fuel, it is inevitably required to separate the H<SUB>2</SUB>/O<SUB>2</SUB> product gas mixture, mainly relying on a membrane system at the current stage. However, this process has inherent durability and cost issues due to contamination, corrosion and its complex configuration. In our current work, we invented a highly compact gas separation and collection method in a water electrolysis system, which is set onto a biomimetically modified electrode without the use of a membrane or external convective flow. A key idea of this smart, compact and self-driven system is gas bubble manipulation by buoyant force and a slippery liquid infused porous surface (SLIPS). With the critical help of the biomimetic SLIPS wall by blocking bubble leakage, H<SUB>2</SUB> and O<SUB>2</SUB> product gases can be separately collected at the corresponding collection port. As a result, we achieved a remarkably improved H<SUB>2</SUB> collection value of over 90% with high purity using this membrane-free electrolysis system in which the product gases are separated only by their intrinsic buoyancy. This simple but effective gas separation/collection system is also applied to a highly compact, monolithic artificial leaf, in which the solar water splitting is practicably and conveniently conducted in a compact, floatable design.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A membrane-free gas separation method is invented for monolithic artificial leaf. </LI> <LI> Buoyance force and biomimetic surface design is combined for gas bubble manipulation. </LI> <LI> The collection efficiency of H<SUB>2</SUB> gas records over 90% with its high purity. </LI> <LI> O<SUB>2</SUB> gas, counter product of water electrolysis shows very low cross-over with high purity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>A membrane-free, compact solar fuel collection system employing the biomimetic SLIPS of the pitcher plant with water splitting electrodes, showing its mechanism and performance in its gas separation/collection.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

가스 하이드레이트 형성 원리를 이용한 연소전 탈탄소화 연구

이현주,이주동,김양도,Lee, Hyun-Ju,Lee, Ju-Dong,Kim, Yang-Do 한국재료학회 2008 한국재료학회지 Vol.18 No.12

The emission of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels has been identified as a major contributor to green house emissions and subsequent global warming and climate changes. For these reasons, it is necessary to separate and recover $CO_2$ gas. A new process based on gas hydrate crystallization is proposed for the $CO_2$ separation/recovery of the gas mixture. In this study, gas hydrate from $CO_2/H_2$ gas mixtures was formed in a semi-batch stirred vessel at a constant pressure and temperature. This mixture is of interest to $CO_2$ separation and recovery in Integrated Coal Gasification (IGCC) plants. The impact of tetrahydrofuran (THF) on hydrate formation from the $CO_2/H_2$ was observed. The addition of THF not only reduced the equilibrium formation conditions significantly but also helped ease the formation of hydrates. This study illustrates the concept and provides the basic operations of the separation/recovery of $CO_2$ (pre-combustion capture) from a fuel gas ($CO_2/H_2$) mixture.

Role of critical concentration of PEI in NMP solutions on gas permeation characteristics of PEI gas separation membranes

Ahmad Arabi Shamsabadi,Masoud Bahrami Babaheidari,Ali Kargari,Saeed Laki,Hadi Ajami 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.2

In preparation of polymeric gas separation membranes by phase inversion method, polymer concentration is one of the most important variables which can change membrane morphology and behavior. In this research, critical concentration of the polyetherimide (PEI) solutions in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent was determined by viscometric method. The influence of temperature on critical concentration was studied. Three asymmetric PDMS/PEI membranes with different concentrations of PEI were prepared and characterized for H2/CH4 separation. The results showed that the membranes with higher concentrations than critical concentration were more suitable for gas separation. In addition, the viscosity data were fitted by appropriate equations and the densities were satisfactorily correlated by a simple first-order polynomial with respect to temperature and the PEI mass fraction. The prepared membrane showed the selectivity of 26 for H2/CH4 separation at 1 bar and 25 8C for pure gas and 24.8 for mixed gas. The influence of the pressure on the H2 and CH4 permeance and the selectivity for a mixed binary gas showed that the permeance of both gases declined by pressure enhancement and the selectivity increased.

가스 하이드레이트 형성을 이용한 CO₂ 분리 및 회수 연구

이현주(Hyun Ju Lee),김양도(Yang Do Kim),이주동(Ju Dong Lee),Peter Englezos 한국에너지기후변화학회 2008 에너지기후변화학회지 Vol.3 No.1

Gas hydrate from CO₂/H₂ gas mixtures was formed in a semi-batch stirred vessel at constant pressure and temperature of 280.1K. This mixture is of interest to CO₂ separation and recovery from fuel gas. During hydrate formation the gas uptake was determined and composition change in the gas phase were obtained by gas chromatography. When CO₂/H₂ hydrate formation, the impact of tetrahydrofuran (THF) was observed. The addition of THF not only reduced significantly the operating pressure but also helped to form hydrates easier(shorter induction time). The present study illustrates the concept and provides basic for the separation/recovery of CO₂ (precombustion capture) from a fuel gas(CO₂/H₂) mixture.

수소/이산화탄소 가스분리용 다공성 물질 탐색 및 고속전산스크리닝 연구동향

여병철 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.61 No.1

Gas separation technology becomes more useful because key gases such as H2 and CO2 regarding renewable energy resources and environmental pollutant can be effectively extracted in mixed gases. For reducing energy consumption on gas separation, membrane and adsorption processes are widely used. In both processes, porous materials are needed as membrane and adsorbent. In particular, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), one class of the porous materials, have been developed for the purpose of gas adsorption and separation. While the number of the MOF structures is increasing due to chemical and structural tunability, good MOF membranes and adsorbents have been rarely reported by trial-and-error experiments. To accelerate the discovery of high-performing porous materials that can separate H2 and CO2, a high-throughput computational screening technique was used as efficient skill. This review introduces crucial studies of porous materials and the high-throughput computational screening works focusing on gas separation of H2 and CO2. 가스 분리 기술은 혼합 가스로부터 신재생에너지 자원 및 환경 오염 물질과 관련된 수소(H2) 및 이산화탄소(CO2)와같은 주요 가스를 효과적으로 추출할 수 있기 때문에 매우 유용하다. 에너지 소비를 줄이기 위한 가스 분리 기술로서분리막 공정과 흡착 공정이 널리 사용되고 있는데, 두 공정 모두 분리막과 흡착제의 역할을 하는 다공성 물질이 필요하다. 특히 다공성 물질의 한 종류인 금속-유기물 골격체(Metal-organic frameworks, MOFs)는 가스 흡착 및 분리를 목적으로 발전되었다. 그런데 MOF 구조의 수가 지속적으로 증가하고 있지만 시행착오 실험을 통해 우수한 MOF 기반의 분리막과 흡착제를 발견하는데 효율적이지 않다. 따라서 수소와 이산화탄소를 분리할 수 있는 고성능 다공성 물질의 발견을 가속화하기 위해 고속전산스크리닝(High-throughput computational screening) 기술이 등장하였고 현재까지활용되고 있다. 본 리뷰에서는 다공성 물질에 대한 중요한 연구와 수소와 이산화탄소의 가스 분리에 초점을 맞춘 고속전산스크리닝 기술을 소개한다.

기체분리용 폴리이미드 소재의 연구개발동향

김득주,남상용 한국막학회 2013 멤브레인 Vol.23 No.6

Gas separation processes using polymeric membranes have been greatly developed during the last few decades due to high energy efficiency and economic advantages. To achieve optimum economic performance, gas separation mem-branes required high permeability and selectivity. So, a number of reports examining the various polymeric materials for gas separation membranes have been published. Among the studied materials, polyimide (PI), which exhibit high permselectivity for various gas pairs, high chemical resistance, thermal stability, and mechanical strength, have attracted much attention. This paper focuses on the basic principle of gas separation, preparation procedure of membrane along with the recent devel-opments and research trends of PI based materials for gas separation. 고분자 분리막을 이용한 기체 분리막은 높은 에너지 효율, 경제적인 장점으로 최근 수년간 지속적으로 개발되어왔다. 최적화된 경제적 성능을 얻기 위하여 기체 분리막은 높은 투과도와 선택도를 가져야 한다. 따라서 기체분리 분리막용으로 다양한 고분자를 시험한 연구 결과들이 보고되어 왔다. 다양한 소재 중, 폴리이미드는 다양한 기체인자에 대하여 높은 투과 선택도와 높은 화학적 열적 안정성, 그리고 물리적 안정성으로 많은 주목을 받아왔다. 따라서 본고에서는 기체분리용 폴리이미드 소재의 개발동향과 분리막의 제조방법, 기체 분리의 원리에 대하여 다루었다.