치료 가능한 사망으로 측정한 우리나라 지역 간 건강수준의 격차

백세종 ( Sei-jong Baek ),김희년 ( Heenyun Kim ),이다호 ( Da-ho Lee ),정형선 ( Hyoung-sun Jeong ) 한국보건행정학회 2021 보건행정학회지 Vol.31 No.1

Background: This study aims to figure out the gaps in health status by estimating amenable mortality rate by region, reflecting the characteristics of Korea, and estimating the years of life lost (YLL) per capita by disease. Methods: People who died from amenable diseases between 2008 and 2018 were extracted from the cause of death statistics provided by Statistics Korea. The age-standardized amenable mortality rates were estimated to compare the health status of 229 regions. YLL per capita was calculated to compute the burden of diseases caused by treatable deaths by region. The YLL per capita by region was calculated to identify the burden of disease caused by amenable deaths. Results: First, while the annual amenable mortality rate in Korea is on a steady decline, but there is still a considerable gap between urban and rural areas when comparing the mortality rates of 229 areas. Second, YLL per capita due to the amenable deaths is approximately 14 person-years during the analysis period (2008-2018). Conclusion: Although the health status of Koreans has continuously improved, there is still a gap in health status region by region in terms of amenable mortality rates. Amenable death accounts for a loss of life equivalent to 14 person-years per year. Since the amenable mortality rate is an indicator that can measure the performance of the health care system, efforts at each local area are required to lower it.

지역 간 피할 수 있는 사망의 추세(1993-2013)

최민혁(Choi, Min-Hyeok),윤태호(Yoon, Tae-Ho) 비판과 대안을 위한 사회복지학회 2015 비판사회정책 Vol.- No.49

전국민건강보험이 지역 간 건강격차 해소에 어떤 영향을 미쳤는지는 아직 알려지지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 전국민건강보험이 정착된 이후 피할 수 있는 사망의 지역 간 변이와 지역의 박탈 수준에 따른 피할 수 있는 사망의 변화 추세를 파악하여 국민건강보험제도가 지역 간 건강 격차 해소에 미친 영향을 확인하고자 하였다. 1993년부터 2013년까지의 통계청 사망원인통계 원자료를 이용하였다. 연령을 표준화한 총사망률과 적절한 보건의료를 통해 피할 수 있는 사망률을 산출하여 전국적 수준과 214개 시·군·구 수준에서의 변화 추이를 비교하였다. 지역박탈지수를 5분위로 구분하여 지역의 사회경제적 수준에 따른 피할 수 있는 사망률의 격차는 절대적 차이와 상대적 비를 이용하여 분석하였다. 우리나라의 인구 10만명당 피할 수 있는 사망률은 1993~95년 132.0명(남성 170.3명, 여성 102.0명)에서 2011~13년 47.9명(남성 59.9명, 여성 37.2명)으로 감소하였다. 피할 수 있는 사망이 총사망(75세 미만 기준)에서 차지하는 분율은 1993~95년 28.7%(남성 25.4%, 여성 36.2%)에서 2011~13년 21.8%(남성 19.0%, 여성 28.4%)로 감소하였다. 피할 수 있는 사망률의 지역 간 격차는 1993년에서 2013년의 기간 동안 감소하는 경향을 보였는데, 대도시인“구”지역들은 상대적으로 악화되는 방향으로 농어촌지역인 “군” 지역은 상대적으로 개선되는 방향으로 변화하였다. 1993~95년과 2011~2013년의 두 시점을 비교하였을 때, 피할 수 있는 사망은 가장 박탈 수준이 높은 지역에서는 62.5%(남성 63.7%, 여성 63.1%)로 감소하였고, 가장 박탈 수준이 낮은 지역에서는 65.8%(남성 67.0%, 여성 64.9%)로 감소하였다. 지역 박탈지수 5분위 간의 절대적 차이와 상대적 차이는 1993~1995년에서 2005~2007년 동안에는 감소해 왔으나, 2008~2010년 이후로는 오히려 증가하는 추세로 바뀌었다. 몇 가지 방법론적 한계에도 불구하고, 본 연구 결과는 2000년대 중반까지 국민건강보험이 피할 수 있는 사망률의 지역 간 격차를 완화하는데 기여해 왔음을 확인하였다. 하지만, 최근 들어 지역 간 피할 수 있는 사망률의 절대적, 상대적 격차가 모두 증가하는 추세임을 또한 확인하였다. 따라서 피할 수 있는 사망률의 지역 간 격차 완화를 위한 국민건강보험의 정책적인 노력이 뒤따라야 할 것이다. There has been still unknown how National Health Insurance system influence on regional health inequalities in Korea. This study aim to examine the influence of National Health Insurance on differences of amenable mortality to health care across the 214 districts level. Mortality data by age, sex and cause of deaths for the years 1993 to 2013 obtained from National Statistical Office. Age standardized mortality rates for all-cause and causes of death considered amenable to health care were calculated during 1993 and 2013 at the district level. The trends for amenable mortality by area deprivation quintile were analyzed using rate difference and rate ratio. Amenable mortality accounted for 28.7% (25.4% in male, 36.2% in female) for 1993~95 and 21.8% (19.0% in male, 28.4% in female) for 2011~13 of total deaths under age 75. Amenable mortality fell by 62.5% (63.7% in male, 63.1% in female) in the least deprived areas and 65.8% (67.0% in male, 64.9% in female) in the most deprived areas between 1993~95 and 2011~13. Both of rate difference and rate ratio of the amenable mortality by deprivation quintile have been decreased during 1993~95 and 2005~07. However, both indices changed to increasing patterns from 2008~10 onward both male and female. Despite of some methodological issues, our findings showed that the Korean National Health Insurance system had an positive influence on reducing regional health inequalities. However, we also found the gap of amenable mortality between most deprived and least deprived areas has been widening recently. More policy attention needs to reduce regional health inequalities.

ON CHARACTER PSEUDO - AMENABLE SEMIGROUP ALGEBRAS

O. T. Mewomo,A. A. Mebawondu,U. O. Adiele,P. O. Olanipekun 장전수학회 2017 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.20 No.4

We study the character pseudo - amenability of semigroup algebras. We focus on certain semigroups such as inverse semigroup with uniformly locally finite idempotent set and Brandt semigroup and study the character pseudo - amenability of semigroup algebra l1(S) in relation to the semigroup S: In particular, we show that for a unital cancellative semigroup S; the character pseudo-amenability of l1(S) is equivalent to its amenability, this is in turn equivalent to S being an amenable group.

On the FPFD Properties of Amenable Space

Lee, Sik,Kim, Sam-Tai 여수대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.14 No.2

Amenable 공간을 정의하고, 이 공간상에서의 오일러수를 사용하여 부동점 없는 변형의 허용에 관하여 몇가지 결과를 이끌어냈다.좀 더 정확하게 설명하면 다음 정리들에 관하여 조사하였다. 정리A, X∈C AS이고, X에 관한 기본군이 무한 정규부분군을 포함하면 X는 부등점 없는 변형을 허용한다. 정리B. X∈C AS이고, X에 관한 기본군이 무한이고 X가 짝수이면 차원의 구 S²k에 호모토픽하면 X는 부동점 없는 변형을 허용한다.

Closeness and equivalence of some unbounded representations of amenable groups

A. I. Shtern 장전수학회 2013 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.23 No.3

Continuing the study of representations of amenable groups, we investigate the simplest model case of the problem concerning similarity of norm close (not necessarily bounded) finite-dimensional representations of an amenable group.

소멸위험지역과 치료 가능 사망률 간의 관계

설진주 ( Jin-ju Seol ),조형경 ( Hyung-kyung Cho ),이현지 ( Hyun-ji Lee ),이광수 ( Kwang-soo Lee ) 한국보건행정학회 2021 보건행정학회지 Vol.31 No.2

Background: This study purposed to analyze the relationship between extinction risk regions and amenable mortality. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on the statistics of 2018 which was extracted from the 228 administrative districts in Korea. Cause of death statistics on each region in 2018 was used to produce the age-adjusted amenable mortality. Regional characteristics were measured by demographic factors, health behavior factors, socioeconomic factors, and medical resources factors. Multiple linear regression model was applied to test their relationship. Results: Results showed that extinction risk regions, crude divorce rates, national cancer screening rates, and independent rate of finance were significantly related to the amenable mortality. Conclusion: The study demonstrated differences in health status by the extinction risks of regions. This study suggests that the use of customized community care program can provide integrated services such as housing, health care or the use of information and communications technology which can make early diagnosis.

(φ,ψ)―BIFLAT AND (φ,ψ)―AMENABLE BANACH ALGEBRAS

( Javad Baradaran ),( Zahra Ghorbani ) 호남수학회 2019 호남수학학술지 Vol.41 No.4

The article studies the concept of a (φ,ψ)―biflat and(φ,ψ)―amenable Banach algebra A, where φ is a continuous ho-momorphism on A and ψ ∈ ФA. We show if A has a (φ,ψ)―virtual diagonal, then A is (φ,ψ)― biflat. In the case where φ(A) is com-mutative we prove that (φ,ψ)― biatness of A implies that A has a (φ,ψ)―virtual diagonal.

(${\tilde{\varphi}}$, ${\tilde{\psi}}$)-AMENABILITY OF L¹(G)

Ghorbani, Zahra The Honam Mathematical Society 2019 호남수학학술지 Vol.41 No.3

In this paper we introduce and study the concept of of (${\varphi}$, ${\psi}$)-am-enability of a locally compact group G, where ${\varphi}$ is a continuous homomorphism on G and ${\psi}:G{\rightarrow}{\mathbb{C}}$ multiplicative linear function. We prove that if the group algebra $L^1$ (G) is (${\tilde{\varphi}}$, ${\tilde{\psi}}$)-amenable then G is (${\varphi}$, ${\psi}$)-amenable, where ${\tilde{\varphi}}$ is the extension of ${\varphi}$ to M(G). In the case where ${\varphi}$ is an isomorphism on G it is shown that the converse is also valid.

STRONGLY TRANSLATION CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONALS ON THE SPACE LUC(G) FOR AN AMENABLE TOPOLOGICAL GROUP G

A. I. Shtern 장전수학회 2013 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.23 No.1

As is well known (thanks to Graham, Lau, and Leinert), for a locally compact Hausdorff group G and for X 2 fM(G)¤ LUC(G)¤ L1(G)¤, VN(G) VN(G)¤g (and for some other function spaces), the characterization of the set Xc of elements in X for which the natural translation operation is continuous with respect to the topology on G and the norm topology on X is a difficult task. In particular, if Xc is sufficiently small, then G is often compact, or even finite, depending on the case. Let G be an amenable locally compact group and let N be the closed subspace of LUC(G) formed by functions for which all invariant means on LUC(G) vanish on the modulus of the function. A total family of strongly translation continuous functionals on the quotient space LUC(G)=N is constructed.

Simplified model for finite-dimensional quasirepresentaions of amenable groups

A. I. Shtern 장전수학회 2012 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.15 No.4

As is well known, every finite-dimensional quasirepresentation of an amenable group in a dual Banach space admits an approximation by an ordinary representation, and the quality of this approximation depends on the defect of the quasirepresentation and on the bound for the norms of the bounded parts of the quasirepresentation operators. The information about the approximating ordinary representation is refined here.