대체에너지

권효식 ( Hyo Shik Kwon ),김두영 ( Doo Young Kim ) 충북대학교 과학교육연구소 2007 과학교육연구논총 Vol.23 No.1

The continuous increase of the world population is escalating the requirements for energy and materials. Increasing science industrial and technological development have additional needs energy and raw materials. The fossil energy and nuclear energy research and development has been declining since the late 1980s, for the higher energy price, pollution and the shortage of energy resources. The world needs clean, abundant, and cheap sources of energy to sustain itself. So we need the energy research and development for the economical renewable and alternative energy. In this paper, we review the present energy resources(conventional energy) and the energy futures(renewable and alternative energy).

러시아-우크라이나 전쟁 이후 에너지 정책 변화에 관한 고찰 - EU와 독일의 정책을 중심으로 -

최아랑,홍란주 한국무역경영학회 2023 한국무역경영연구 Vol.- No.29

The EU, which was usually heavily dependent on Russian energy, suffering with an unexpected energy crisis after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. To cope with the sudden energy crisis and winter energy shortages, EU countries are currently making their best efforts in many ways to secure energy and to expand renewable energy. This paper examines the EU's energy policy for nuclear power phase-out and greenhouse gas reduction in the past, and how the EU's energy policy has changed to develop renewable energy to get out of Russia after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. In particular, this study focuses on changes in Germany's energy policy, which was called an environmentally advanced country, and examines why Germany, the leader of nuclear power phase-out, had no choice but to restart nuclear power plants. Furthermore, the main purpose is to look at what goals Germany has set for energy independence in the wake of this crisis. Like the EU, South Korea, which is highly dependent on energy imports, is more vulnerable to the energy crisis because it imports large amounts of energy from certain countries. So, let's look at how the EU responds to the energy crisis from South Korea's perspective, figure out what the limitations of alternative energy are in case of an energy crisis in the future, and consider what direction South Korea's energy policy should take.

에너지 정책의 문제와 기독교윤리 : 후쿠시마 원전사고를 중심으로

고재길 한국기독교사회윤리학회 2014 기독교사회윤리 Vol.30 No.-

The Fukushima nuclear explosion served as a catalyst in the reevaluation ofnuclear energy worldwide. After the explosion, governments in European countriessuch as Germany, Switzerland, and Italy announced their decision to stop orreduce their use of nuclear energy. Grounds for these changes in energy policieswere found in environmental friendliness, economical advantages, and safety issuesfor countries with nuclear energy that did not receive high scores. TheGerman government announced that by 2022, they will shut down all workingnuclear plants, replacing them with alternative environmentally friendly energysources. The Protestant Church in Germany spoke of the importance of denuclearizationin both communal and personal level. Furthermore, the churches inGermany emphasized the need for alternative energy sources through churchevents and public hearings. Unfortunately, in contrast to these changes in internationalpolicies, no changes could be found in South Korea. In the perspectiveof Christian ethics, nuclear energy is related to three important theologicalthemes: Preservation of Creation, Technical Utopia, and Christian Ethics &Responsibility for the Next Generation. Looking from such perspective, nuclearenergy holds a number of problems. Christian Ethics acknowledges that nuclearenergy is practical. However, such advantages cannot serve as an excuse for theproblems derived from nuclear energy. The government energy policy must bothreduce its use of nuclear energy and at the same time focus on the developmentof alternative energy sources. The churches in South Korea must serve a positiverole in this process of creating a social common good. 후쿠시마의 원전사고는 핵에너지를 근본적으로 다시 검토하는 계기가 되었다. 그 사고 이후에 특별히 유럽에서는 핵에너지의 사용을 줄이거나 중단하는 국가들이 나타났다. 독일, 스위스, 이탈리아 등이 그 나라들이다. 이러한 에너지 정책의변화의 이유는 환경친화성, 경제적 효용성, 안정성의 관점에서 볼 때 핵에너지는높은 점수를 받기 어렵다는 데서 찾을 수 있다. 독일정부는 후쿠시마 원전사고를계기로 2022년까지 독일의 모든 원전의 가동을 중단하고 환경친화적인 대안에너지를 사용하기로 결정하였다. 독일 개신교협의회는 개인적인 차원에서 또는 공동체적인 차원에서 탈원전정책의 중요성에 대해 말하였다. 그리고 독일교회는에너지문제에 대한 공청회와 교회행사를 통하여 대안에너지의 필요성을 강조하였다. 안타깝게도 이러한 국제적인 변화의 흐름과는 다르게 한국에서는 큰 변화가 발견되지 않는다. 기독교윤리의 관점에서 볼 때 핵에너지 문제는 3가지의 중요한 신학적 주제와 관련된다. 창조질서의 보전, 기술 유토피아, 미래세대를 위한책임윤리의 관점에서 볼 때, 핵에너지는 많은 문제를 가지고 있다. 기독교적 책임윤리는 핵에너지의 사용을 현실적인 관점에서 인정한다. 그러나 이는 핵에너지가 파생하는 여러 문제에 대해 면죄부를 주는 것은 아니다. 국가의 에너지 정책은 핵에너지의 사용을 줄여나가면서 동시에 대안에너지를 개발하는 방향으로 나아가야 한다. 사회적 공동선을 이루는 이 과정에서 한국교회는 선한 역할을 감당해야 할 것이다.

폭발,연소 에너지의 개발 방향에 관한 연구

신창용 ( Chang Yong Shin ),안명석 ( Myung Seog Ahn ),조명찬 ( Myung Chan Jo ) 대한화약발파공학회 2009 화약발파 Vol.27 No.2

물리학적 측면에서 에너지의 개념은 일하는 능력으로 정의된다. 기존의 석탄·석유등 화석연료를 대체하기 위해 1980년 이후부터 천연가스·원자력 등의 사용이 증가하였으나 환경오염문제로 태양열·풍력·조력·지열 등 대체에너지로의 전환을 촉진하고 있다. 그러나 에너지 이용효율 측면에서는 원자력 에너지와 화약·가스 등 화학에너지와는 비교가 되지 않는다. 본 논문에서는 환경(대체)에너지의 한계점을 뛰어 넘을 수 있는 방안을 연구하기 위하여 그린에너지의 현황을 조사하였으며, 고효율 에너지원에 대한 청정화와 응용 및 개발방향에 대해 검토, 연구 하였다. In view of physics, energy is defined as the ability to work. The use of natural gas and nuclear power have been increased since 1980s to replace fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum. Recently, solar energy, wind power, tidal power, and geotherrnal energy have been considered as promising alternative energy sources to overcome environmental pollution. However, their energy efficiencies are much lower than those of chemical energies such as nuclear power, explosive, and petroleum gas. In this study, the present situation of the green energy was reviewed to seek out the way to overcome the limit of the environmental (alternative) energy. Also, purification, application and development trend of the highly efficient alternative energy sources were investigated.

초등 예비교사의 대체에너지에 대한 이해도와 대안개념 분석

윤회정 ( Yoon Heojeong ),나지연 ( Na Jiyeon ) 한국초등과학교육학회 2021 초등과학교육 Vol.40 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate pre-service elementary school teachers’ understanding about alternative energy and to identify their alternative conceptions. The two-tier instrument had been developed by Cheong et al. (2015) were used for this study. Twelve items from the instrument consisted of four categories: ‘source of alternative energy’, ‘greenhouse gas emission’, ‘cost in electricity and construction’ and ‘advantages and disadvantages’. One hundred and fifteen pre-service elementary school teachers were participated in online survey during the semester. The results analyzed using SPSS 26.0. were as follows: First, the correct response rate varied depending on the content of item. Items related to characteristics and advantages & disadvantages of alternative energy showed high percentage of correct answers. Whereas, items regarding the principles of alternative energy showed relatively low percentage of correct answers. Second, there are some items showing statistically meaningful differences according to students’ high school track. Nevertheless, there are no significant differences in overall. Third, we identified twelve alternative conceptions about alternative energy from students’ answer distribution. Educational implications were discussed based on the results.

AERODYNAMIC EFFECTIVITY ON THE MOVING OF HELICAL WINDMILL AS A SOURCE OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

Hertanto,Jenifer Taniya Maria 국제과학영재학회 2015 APEC Youth Scientist Journal Vol.7 No.2

The need of electrical energy is still depend on the fossil energy. Based on the data, Indonesian fossil energy reserves are decreasing, example oil reserves are merely enough for the next 23 years. While gas reserves are assumed will last until 50 years into the future and then coal for the next 80 years. If Indonesia only depends on fossil energy sources for the next 23-80 years, Indonesia will face a lack of energy supply. Therefore to overcome the case above, there is should be an effort to produce a renewable energy.. In this research, we took the initiative to take advantage of the wind gusts from the passing motor vehicles using helical windmill to overcome the unstable wind speed as an alternative source for lighting on roads, especially highways. The purpose of this study is to improve the effectivity of aerodynamic to the moving helical windmill as a source of an alternative energy.And the advantage of this blade is it can rotate continuously because it can recieve the wind from all direction and although the wind energy is very small the blade can still rotate. This study begins with designing a helical windmill, then a generator which is able to convert wind power into electricity. The generator designed consists of eight coils (1000 windings per coil), a saving current using 6 volt of battery, 1 ampere of transformer and the maximum rotation obtained is 12 volts. From this research, it can be concluded that the rotation speed of 367 rpm will produce 6.1 volts voltage, rotation speed of 406 rpm will produce 6.8 volts voltage, and rotation speed of 451 will be obtained 7.3 volts voltage.

일반논문 : 바이오에너지 개발과 학문 융합 문제에 관하여

오영진 ( Yeung Jin Oh ),안원근 ( Won Gun An ) 한국환경철학회 2013 환경철학 Vol.0 No.16

화석연료와 핵에너지 등 기존 에니지원의 무분별한 사용은 국제적 갈등과 환경 위기를 초래했다. 이러한 위기의 근원은 인간과 자연을 주로 착취의 수단으로서 바라보는 도구적이고 계산적인 사고방식에 있다. 따라서 대체 에너지의 개발과 학문 간의 협력에 관한 논의의 기본 전제는, 대안적 에너지원을 개발함으로써 현재의 난국을 극복하는 일은 단지 기술적수준의 노력만으로 달성될 수 없으며 인간과 자연에 대한 우리의 접근방식의 변화가 수반되어야 한다는 인식이다. 한국적 학문 통합론의 배경이 된 미국과학재단의 NBIC 학문 수렴 시나리오는 인간과 세계에 대한 기술적 통제의 강화를 추구하고 있다는 점에서 17세기 베이컨 이래의 과학적 낙관주의의 연장선상에 있다. 그것은 유전자조작과 첨단무기의 개발을 통한 경제적, 국가주의적 지배력의 확보라는 동기를 보여준다. 유럽연합의 CTEKS 학문 협력 모델은 기술의 사회적 책임과 윤리적 맥락에 대한 자각을 좀 더 담고 있다. 최근 한국에서 이슈가 된 학문의‘융합’론이나 통합론은 주로 산업적, 경제적 동기에 의해 추동된 것으로서, 과학이 주도하는 학문의 통합론이며 NBIC 시나리오를 모델로 하고 있다. ‘두 문화’ 논쟁에서 C. P 스노우는 선진산업사회의 진보를 이끌어온 것이 과학이기 때문에 과학이 학문의 중심이 되어야 한다고 주장했다. 그러나이 견해는 과학과 기술공학이 범한 심각한 인간적, 환경적 과오를 간과하고 있다. 리비스는 이러한 과학 중심의 전망에 내재한 명백한 한계를 지적한다. 세계가 처한 곤경의 해결을 위한 우리의 노력은 인간의 삶의 의미와 목적에 관한 역사적, 철학적 성찰과 밀접한 관련이 있는데, 이러한 점은 물질적 진보와 기술공학의 시대에 갈수록 망각되고 있다. Indiscriminate use of the existing energy sources―fossil fuels and nuclear energy―has led to international conflicts and environmental crisis. The roots of the crisis lie in instrumental and calculative thinking that sees man and nature mainly as a means for exploitation. Therefore, the basic premise for our discussion on the development of alternative energy and the collaboration among academic disciplines must be that overcoming the present predicament by developing alternative energy sources cannot be achieved through efforts on the technological level alone, but should be accompanied with changes in our approach to man and nature. The NBIC scenario for converging sciences which provided a model for the discourse on integration of academic disciplines in Korea, seeks to strengthen technological control of humanity and the world. Hence, it is along the same lines as the scientific optimism since Bacon in the 17th century. It shows its motives of economic and nationalistic domination in its intention of ‘total control’ even through genetic manipulation and development of high-tech weapons. In comparison, the CTEKS model of convergence gives more consideration to social responsibility and ethical context of technology. The recent discourse on the ‘convergence’ or integration of sciences in Korea is a discussion of integration of academic fields led by science, largely driven by industrial and economic motivations. In the ‘Two Cultures’ debate, C. P. Snow argued that science should be the center for the academia and culture since it was leading the progress of advanced industrial societies. But this view disregards serious human and environmental blunders induced by science and technology. Leavis points out the obvious limitations inherent in the science-centered outlook. Our effort to solve the predicaments of the world is closely related to historical and philosophical reflection on the meaning and purpose of human life, which is increasingly being forgotten in the age of material progress and technology. The discourse of ‘consilience’ publicized by Edward O. Wilson and Jae-Chun Choe is an argument to subordinate humanities to sciences centered on biology and genetics. Wilson`s perspective is not far from reductionism that reduces life and culture into basic elements such as DNA. But this reductionist thinking and science-oriented utilitarianism divorced from human and ecological context have caused the most serious problems in society and nature. For fruitful partnerships across different areas of study, there should be a broad agreement on the importance of the perception that the present crisis is less of (academic) learning than of humanity and life as a whole. The development of alternative energy largely depends on our sensibility and intuitive understanding of the importance of such effort. Therefore, the cooperation among various fields of learning for developing renewable energy sources should be based on a horizontal and open-ended network of disciplines, rather than vertical one so that we can work out the most relevant methodologies and forms of alliance for specific research topics and projects within the context of the whole life on the globe.

Rate-Energy Region of Joint Information and Energy Transfer in a Two-User MIMO Interference Channel

Taewoo Leem,Daeyoung Park IEEE 2015 IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS Vol.19 No.10

<P>This letter considers joint information and energy transfer in a two-user MIMO interference channel in which one receiver decodes information and the other harvests energy. We prove the energy beamforming is optimal for the energy transmitter irrespective of the operating SNR. We maximize the weighted sum of rate and energy to characterize the region of rate-energy pairs that are achievable using Gaussian signaling. We propose a numerical algorithm based on the alternating optimization technique because the maximization problem is a non-convex problem. The proposed algorithm converges to a KKT point of the maximization problem. Numerical results show that the rate-energy region of the algorithm is larger than those of the existing suboptimal algorithms. In addition, the algorithm harvests 60% more energy in the high-information transfer region than the suboptimal algorithms.</P>

시설원예 농가의 에너지 절감시설에 대한 만족도 분석

김연중(Kim, Yean-Jung),한혜성(Han, Hye-Sung),최칠구(Choi, Chil-Koo) 한국산학기술학회 2014 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.15 No.10

본 연구에서는 시설감귤농가와 시설포도 농가들을 대상으로 농업 에너지 절감시설과 신재생에너지원의 이용행태를 조사?분석하였다. 농가들의 에너지 이용행태를 조사한 결과, 농업 에너지 절감 시설과 신재생에너지의 이용 및 운영 관리 시스템은 여전히 미흡한 수준으로 나타났다. 시설감귤 농가와 시설포도 농가를 대상으로 실시한 IPA분석 결과에 따르면, 에너지 절감시설과 관련된 항목들에 대하여 전반적으로 중요도는 높았으나 수행도(만족도)는 크게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 유류비 부담 등으로 인해 재배면적이 감소추세에 있는 시설감귤 농가의 경우 ‘관련 보조시설 확충 지원’이나 ‘기술개발’, ‘저비 용 대체에너지 보급문제’에 대해서는 중요하다고 판단되지만 실제 수행도는 매우 낮게 나타났다. 반면 재배면적이 증가하고 있는 시설포도농가의 경우 ‘에너지 절감시설에 대한 AS 용이성’, ‘지역별 여건을 고려한 지원정책’, ‘절감시설에 대한 기술개 발’에 대해서 모두 우위를 나타냈다. 영농 광열비의 증가는 결국 농가경영에 부담을 증가시키고 대외 경쟁력을 떨어뜨리는 위험성을 갖고 있다. 현재 농가들이 사용하고 있는 등유는 열효율적인 면에서 손실이 많기 때문에 경유, 증유 등을 지속적으 로 사용 할 수 있도록 기존 노후화 시설에 대한 개보수 지원과 함께 대체에너지의 보급?확대를 위한 방안이 마련되어야 한다. This paper analyzed the issues related to focus on farmers behaviors of energy saving facilities. This study conducted questionnaire and field surveys of controlled horticulture farmers and economic analysis using an IPA(Importance-Performance Analysis) matrix. According to the research results, the performance level was low on average ranging from 2.33 to 2.56 in a five point Likert-scale on greenhouse mandarin and grape-related facilities. On the other hand, the importance levels were high in the mean rating from 2.69 to 4.8. The results show that energy loss reduction of complementary facility and alternative energy supply support for low cost implementation are more important in terms of the respondents concerns than performance quadrant Ⅲ. Therefore, it is important to provide financial support to energy-saving facilities to promote the use of energy efficiency improvement. In addition, the government should invest continuously in research and development.

태양광발전시스템이 적용된 R&D Center 계획

김용순,안재룡,이정수,송종호 대한건축학회지회연합회 2007 대한건축학회지회연합회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.1

According to exhaustion of energy, we need to know about alternative energy development. That growing perception is helping to strengthen, Photovoltaic system has been widely used for method of the most typical alternative energy till now. The alternative energy development has began with the purpose of decreasing consumption of energy. In application of this practical system based on Photovoltaic system, it only stick to use as construction materials by simple and lack of variety ways. For this reason, various building's consumption of energy has been produced. This research is recognized from the problem. And based on the research about "A Design on the R&D Center with the use of building integrated photovoltaic system". And finally, application to design R&D Center, we suggest effective application case of alternative energy.