펄스폭변조를 이용한 지능구조물의 능동진동제어

곽문규(Kwak, Moon K.),김기영(Kim, Ki-Young),방세윤(Bang, Se-Yoon) 한국소음진동공학회 2005 한국소음진동공학회 논문집 Vol.15 No.1

This paper is concerned with the active vibration control of smart structure using actuator signal made of pulse width modulation. The pulse width modulation has been used in motor control, where the amount of energy fed into the motor is controlled by the pulse width instead of applied voltage. The advantage of using the pulse width modulation is that analog signal can be replaced by the digital signal so that we can reduce system costs and power consumption. The effect of pulse width modulation on the vibration response was investigated in this study and the valid transformation rule was found. Then, the pulse width modulation was realized using a microprocessor and electronic circuit. The active vibration suppression was carried out by combining the positive position feedback controller and the pulse width modulation. The experimental result shows that we can replace an expensive amplifier with a pulse width modulation system thus reducing the system cost. The result also shows that the active vibration control can be achieved by the pulse width modulation technique.

방열특성 제어를 위한 PWM 전류제어 기반 LED 모듈 개발

이승현(Seung-Hyun Lee),문한주(Han Joo Moon),허성범(Seong-bum Hue),최성대(Seong-Dae Choi) 한국기계가공학회 2015 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.14 No.6

This paper shows significant methods that improve the lifespan of LED modules as well as efficiently using an aluminum heat-sink for LED module in high power. It proposes a method that raises stability and lifespan to protect LED modules and the power unit when the LED module has been used for a long hours at high temperatures. During the research, we applied a method of pulse-width modulation (PWM) in order to prevent the phenomenon that the entire power of a system is turned off and the lifespan is reduced when the LED nodule reacts to the high temperatures. To protect the LED module and SMPS based on high efficiency, a temperature sensor is attached underneath the circuit board and the sensor measures the temperature of circuit board when the LED module is powered on. The electrical power connected to SMPS is controlled by PWM when the temperature of the LED module reaches a particular temperature.

추력기 제어를 위한 PWPF 설계변수 설계

김태석(Taeseok Kim),이승우(Seung-Wu Rhee) 한국항공우주학회 2017 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.45 No.10

일반적으로 추력기는 on/off 제어 방식을 이용한다. Bang-Bang Control, PWM(Pulse Width Modulator), PWPF(Pulse Width Pulse Frequency) 등이 그 방법으로 많이 이용되고 있다. PWPF를 설계할 때 파라미터(K<SUB>m</SUB>, τ,U<SUB>on</SUB><SUB></SUB>, U<SUB>off</SUB>, U<SUB>m</SUB>) 를 잘못 선정하면 위상 지연, 연료 낭비, 수명 감소 등이 발생한다. 그러므로 파라미터가 시스템 성능에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 적절한 파라미터를 선정하여야 한다. 본 논문은 정적 해석을 수행하여 PWPF 파라미터 설계방안을 제시하였으며, 동적 분석 및 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 설계변수에 미치는 상호 영향을 분석하였다. Usually, on/off control method is a way to control the thruster. Bang-Bang Control, PWM(Pulse Width Modulator) and PWPF(Pulse Width Pulse Frequency) are widely used as a typical way. When we are designing PWPF, the incorrectly designed parameters(K<SUB>m</SUB>, τ,U<SUB>on</SUB><SUB></SUB>, U<SUB>off</SUB>, U<SUB>m</SUB>) make trouble, such as the phase lag, the wasted fuel, the reduced system life. Therefore, the effect of parameters on the system performance should be analyzed before the proper parameters are selected. In this paper, we suggest the PWPF parameters design method by performing a static analysis, and analyze the interactive effects on design parameters by performing a dynamic analysis and simulation.

에너지 저감과 업무 효율성을 위한 LED 조명환경 평가에 대한 연구

김형선 ( Hyung Sun Kim ),임재현 ( Jae Hyun Lim ),이기선 ( Kee Sun Lee ),김길희 ( Kil Hee Kim ),정희창 ( Hee Chang Jung ),김진호 ( Jin Ho Kim ) 한국감성과학회 2015 감성과학 Vol.18 No.2

This study carried out an experiment to identify subject’s work effectiveness and energy saving effect using LED light. Towards this end, this study configured nine various lighting environments in order to control PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) and illuminance (lux), which are the characteristics of LED light. The PWM ratio of LED light was set as R:G:B=1:1:1, R:G:B=4:1:5, and R:G:B=8:7:7, respectively, and illuminance (lux) was set as 400 lx, 700 lx, and 1000 lx, respectively. In addition, the indoor environment was set temperature 20-24 ℃, humidity 50%-60%, and the amount of clothing 1. This study analyzed work effectiveness and energy consumption in nine lighting environments, each. Error correction was performed for work effectiveness analysis, and cumulative power consumption was measured in each lighting environment for energy consumption analysis. According to experiment results through the lighting environments suggested in this study, accuracy and spent time effectiveness were good in 700lux and higher than 400lux. For spent time, the best effectiveness was revealed in the suggested PWM ratio, R:G:B=8:7:7. The lowest power consumption on each illuminance (lux) was revealed in the order of R:G:B=8:7:7, RGB=1:1:1, and R:G:B=4:1:5. Therefore, pulse-width modulation effect is proposed in this paper was found to affect the efficiency and energy saving.

CPLD를 이용한 3채널 PWM 신호발생기의 설계

정규홍 대진대학교 생산기술연구소 2000 생산기술연구소 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

In this research, Pulse-Width-Modulation signal generator of which carrier frequency and resolution is superior to the that of conventional peripheral functions of micro-controllers was designed with the combination of digital logic gate and 3-channels of PWM signal generators were implemented with the single Altera's EPM7128S CPLD. We established the model of digital logic circuit and verified its overall function with MAX+PLUS II software which is offered by Altera for digital logic design engineers. From the experiment of PWM signal test on the integrated hydraulic system control board, we can conclude that it works fairly good as we expected and since the speed of PLD is quite fast, there is no parallel-interfacing problem with the host micro-controller. 주요기술용어: Pulse-Width-Modulation(펄스폭 변조), CPLD(고집적 프로그래머블 논리소자)

H-Bridge 인버터를 이용한 유도전동기 노이즈 저감 출력 필터 설계

조현섭 국제차세대융합기술학회 2020 차세대융합기술학회논문지 Vol.4 No.6

유도전동기 노이즈 저감과 속도 제어를 위해 H-Bridge회로를 통해 L298모터 제어에 관한 연구이다. 일 반적으로 PWM방식은 인버터에 발생된 고조파와 노이즈 그리고 스위칭 주파수, dv/dt와 di/dt 스위칭 방법에 의 해 영향을 받는다. 모터의 속도는 단속되는 전압 펄스폭에 따라서 다르게 되므로 이 펄스의 폭을 ATMEGA128의 타이머 카운터를 이용해 제어한다. ATMEGA128의 L298을 연결하고 그 후단에 유도전동기를 연결한다. 그리고 타이머 카운터 0에서 프로그램으로 버튼을 누르면 버튼 값을 체크하여 switch문을 통해 구분하고 Up버튼이면 0CR 값을 10씩 올리고 Down버튼이면 10씩 내리도록 하면 모터의 스텝각 등의 기본 특성이 다양하게 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 H-Bridge을 이용한 유도전동기의 노이즈 저감을 위한 출력 필터 설계를 목적으로 한다. This is a study on L298 motor control through H-Bridge circuit for noise reduction and speed control of induction motor. The PWM method is affected by the harmonics and noise generated in the inverter and the switching frequency dv/dt and di/dt switching method. Since the speed of the motor varies according to the intermittent voltage pulse width, the width of this pulse is controlled using the timer counter of ATMEGA128. Connect the L298 of ATMEGA128 and connect the induction motor to the rear end. Then press the button with the program at timer counter 0. At this time, check the button value and increase the 0CR value by 10 if it is the Up button through the switch statement, and decrease it by 10 if it is the Down button. At this time, various basic characteristics such as the step angle of the motor appear. The purpose of this study is to design an output filter for noise reduction of induction motors using H-Bridge.

초음파 진동절삭기의 펄스폭변조 가진 특성

노병국(Byoung Gook Loh),김기대(Gi Dae Kim) 한국기계가공학회 2014 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.13 No.1

To obtain an elliptical trajectory at the cutting edge during elliptical vibration cutting, sinusoidal voltage excitations of two piezoelectric actuators have commonly been used. In this study, PWM excitation, which is relatively simple to generate, was employed and its characteristics were investigated. Inexperimental and analytical analyses, we found that for PWM excitation, the integer-multiple frequencies of the excitation voltage distorted the shape of the elliptical trajectory, whereas at a duty ratio(DR) of 50%, the distortion of the elliptical trajectory was minimized due to disappearance of the firstovertone. When the magnitude of the maximum excitation voltage was maintained at the same level for both PWM and sinusoidal excitation, PWM (DR=50%) excitation produced a greater vibration amplitude than sinusoidal excitation but resulted in more rapid saturation of a high-frequency power amplifier.

만도 MGH25 ABS 제어 로직의 개발

최성호(Seongho Choi),이진구(Jinkoo Lee),김기영(Giyung Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2004 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Recent trends of research & development for Vehicular Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) are focused on the NVH as well as braking/traction performance. For the conventional systems, we used On-Off control strategy, which is composed of pulse-up pressure rise, pressure dump and pressure hold mode. The main problems associated with the discrete (On-Oft) nature of this control are severe noise and vibration. Especially, among the three pressure modes of conventional control, the pressure pulse-up is the major source of noise and vibration. To reduce pulse-up noise & vibration of ABS, we introduce Linear Flow Control (LFC) concept, which allows continuous pressure rise mode instead of pressure pulse-up. Continuous pressure rise can be obtained by controlling the magnetic force of solenoid valve, which needs current control of the solenoid valve. In this regard, we proposed using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) method to control the current and to compensate for the discrete nature of actuator dynamics by duty control. Another source of noise and pedal kickback during ABS action is excessive pumping of brake fluid caused by unnecessarily high motor speed. Because the level of noise and vibration caused by the motor is directly related with the motor speed, we introduced a new Motor Speed Control (MSC) method that could compromise pumping performance and noise. Our new concept ABS also archives better performance in stopping distance compared with conventional control method by reducing average pressure dump and maintaining optimal slip band. In this paper, we will present recent results of LFC & MSC for our new generation ABS in the view of performance and NVH.

On-Off 제어기를 이용한 가변추력 고체추진 기관의 압력제어

권순규(Soonkyu Kwon),김영석(Youngseok Kim),고상호(Sangho Ko),서석훈(Seokhoon Suh) 한국추진공학회 2011 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.11

고체추진기관은 구조가 비교적 간단하고 장기적 저장성이 우수한 반면에 일반적으로 추력의 조절 등에 한계성을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 구현의 용이함과 에너지 효율성이 좋은 on-off 제어기법을 이용한 가변추력 고체추진 기관의 압력 제어를 위한 제어기를 소개한다. 연소기 내 압력제어를 위해 질량보존만을 고려한 추진기관의 연소기 내 압력변화 모델에 대하여 고전적인 비례-적분 제어기와 같은 연속적 제어 기법과 PWM, PWPFM과 같은 on-off 제어기를 설계하고 시뮬레이션을 통해 결과를 비교한다. Solid propulsion systems have simple structures compared to other propulsion systems and are suitable for long-term storage. However the systems generally have limits on control of thrust levels. In this paper we introduce controllers for combustion chamber pressure using on-off control techniques which have been known for relatively easy implementation and energy efficiency. For this, we use a simple pressure change model by considering only mass conservation within the combustion chamber and we design a classical controllers and on-off controllers with are Pulse Width Modulation(PWM) and Pulse Width Pulse Frequency Modulation (PWPFM). Then we compare the performance results of the controllers through numerical simulations.

실감형 콘텐츠 작동을 위한 모션 기반 4D 특수효과 장치 제어

김광진,이칠우 (사)한국스마트미디어학회 2019 스마트미디어저널 Vol.8 No.1

This paper describes a gesture application to controlling the special effects of physical devices for 4Dcontents using the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) method. The user operation recognized by theinfrared sensor is interpreted as a command for 3D content control, several of which manipulate thedevice that generates the special effect to display the physical stimulus to the user. With the contentcontrolled under the NUI (Natural User Interface) technique, the user can be directly put into animmersion experience, which leads to provision of the higher degree of interest and attention. In orderto measure the efficiency of the proposed method, we implemented a PWM-based real-time linearcontrol system that manages the parameters of the motion recognition and animation controller usingthe infrared sensor and transmits the event 본 논문은 펄스폭 변조(PWM, Pulse Width Modulation) 방법을 이용하여 4D 콘텐츠의 특수효과용 물리장치들을 제어하는 제스처 응용 방법에 대해 기술한다. 적외선 센서를 통해 인식되는 사용자 동작은 3D 콘텐츠 제어를 위한 명령어로 해석되고특수효과를 발생시키는 장치를 제어하여 물리적인 자극을 사용자에게 재현한다. 이와 같이 NUI(Natural User Interface) 기법을 이용하여 콘텐츠를 제어하게 되면 사용자의 콘텐츠에 대한 직접적인 몰입감이 증대되어 사용자에게 고도의 흥미와 관심을제공할 수 있다. 제안하는 방법의 효율성을 측정하기 위해 적외선 센서를 이용한 모션인식과 애니메이션 컨트롤러의 파라미터를 제어하여 이벤트를 전달하는 PWM 기반 실시간 선형제어 시스템을 구현하였다.