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Lipase‐mediated lipid removal from propolis extract and its antiradical and antimicrobial activity
Park, Hyein,Bae, Song Hwan,Park, Yooheon,Choi, Hyeon‐,Son,Suh, Hyung Joo John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2015 Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Vol.95 No.8
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>BACKGROUND</B></P><P>Propolis contains many antioxidants such as polyphenols and flavonoids. However, propolis‐derived lipid components interrupt an efficient isolation of antioxidants from propolis extract. We examined the effectiveness of various lipase treatments for the removal of lipids from propolis extract and evaluated the biological features of the extract.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>Lipase OF and Novozyme 435 treatments did not reduce fatty acid level in propolis extract. However, Lipozyme TL IM‐treated propolis extract showed a significant decrease in fatty acid level, suggesting the removal of lipids. Lipozyme RM IM also significantly decreased the fatty acid level of the extract, but was accompanied by the reduction of polyphenols and flavonoids, which are antioxidants. In Lipozyme TL IM treatment, an increase in active flavonoids, such as Artepillin C and kaempferide, was observed, with a slight increase of ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) radical‐scavenging activity. In addition, antimicrobial activity towards skin health‐related bacteria such as <I>Staphylococcus epidermidis</I> and <I>Propionibacterium acnes</I> was enhanced by Lipozyme TL IM treatment.</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B></P><P>Lipozyme TL IM treatment effectively removes lipids from propolis extract and enhances antibacterial activity. Therefore, we suggest that Lipozyme TL IM is a useful lipase for lipid removal of propolis extract. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry</P>
Pei-QingCong,Eun-Sook Song,Eui-Sook Kim,Zhao-Hua Li,Yong-Hua Zhang,Jang-Mi Lee,Young-Joo Yi,Chang-Sik Park 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2007 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.31 No.2
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of cryoprotectants, warming solution and removal of lipid on open pulled straw vitrification (OPS) method of porcine embryos produced by nuclear transfer (NT) of fetal fibroblasts. All solutions used during vitrification were prepared with holding medium consisting of 25 mM Hepes buffered TCM199 medium containing 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 38.5℃. The blastocysts derived from NT with or without lipid were vitrified in each medium of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol (EG). Also, blastocysts after cryopreservation were warmed into different concentrations of sucrose in warming solution. The optimal concentrations of cryoprotectants in vitrification solution were 10% DMSO + 10% EG in vitrification solution 1 (VS1) and 20% DMSO + 20% EG in vitrification solution 2 (VS2). The optimal concentrations of sucrose were 0.3 M sucrose in warming solution 1 (WS1) and 0.15 M sucrose in warming solution 2 (WS2). Lipid removal from oocytes before NT enhanced the viability of NT embryos after vitrification. Our results show that use of the OPS method in conjunction with lipid removal provides effective cryopreservation of porcine nuclear transfer embryos.
Cong, Pei-Qing,Song, Eun-Sook,Kim, Eui-Sook,Li, Zhao-Hua,Zhang, Yong-Hua,Lee, Jang-Mi,Yi, Young-Joo,Park, Chang-Sik 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2007 논문집 Vol. No.10
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of cryoprotectants, warming solution and removal of lipid on open pulled straw vitrification (OPS) method of porcine embryos produced by nuclear transfer (NT) of fetal fibroblasts. All solutions used during vitrification were prepared with holding medium consisting of 25 mM Hepes buffered TCM199 medium containing 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 38.5℃. The blastocysts derived from NT with or without lipid were vitrified in each medium of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol (EG). Also, blastocysts after cryopreservation were warmed into different concentrations of sucrose in warming solution. The optimal concentrations of cryoprotectants in vitrification solution were 10% DMSO + 10% EG in vitrification solution 1 (VS1) and 20% DMSO + 20% EG in vitrification solution 2 (VS2). The optimal concentrations of sucrose were 0.3 M sucrose in warming solution 1 (WS1) and 0.15 M sucrose in warming solution 2 (WS2). Lipid removal from oocytes before NT enhanced the viability of NT embryos after vitrification. Our results show that use of the OPS method in conjunction with lipid removal provides effective cryopreservation of porcine nuclear transfer embryos.
Parametric study of brewery wastewater effluent treatment using Chlorella vulgaris microalgae
Hee-Jeong Choi 대한환경공학회 2016 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.21 No.4
The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomass and lipid production of Chlorella vulgaris and its nutrient removal capability for treatment of brewery wastewater effluent. The results indicate that the maximum biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (91.43%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (83.11%) were removed by C. vulgaris with aeration in the absence of light. A maximum of 0.917 g/L of dry biomass was obtained with aeration in the dark conditions, which also demonstrated the highest amount of unsaturated fatty acids at 83.22%. However, the removal of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) with these aeration and light conditions was 9.7% and 11.86% greater than that of other conditions. The removal of BOD and COD and the production of biomass and lipids with aeration in the dark and the TN and TP removal with aeration and light were more effective than other conditions in the brewery wastewater effluent in the presence of C. vulgaris.
Cong, Pei-Qing,Song, Eun-Sook,Kim, Eui-Sook,Li, Zhao-Hua,Zhang, Yong-Hua,Lee, Jang-Mi,Yi, Young-Joo,Park, Chang-Sik The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction 2007 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.31 No.2
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of cryoprotectants, warming solution and removal of lipid on open pulled straw vitrification (OPS) method of porcine embryos produced by nuclear transfer (NT) of fetal fibroblasts. All solutions used during vitrification were prepared with holding medium consisting of 25 mM Hepes buffered TCM199 medium containing 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at $38.5^{\circ}C$. The blastocysts derived from NT with or without lipid were vitrified in each medium of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol (EG). Also, blastocysts after cryopreservation were warmed into different concentrations of sucrose in warming solution. The optimal concentrations of cryoprotectants in vitrification solution were 10% DMSO + 10% EG in vitrification solution 1 (VS1) and 20% DMSO + 20% EG in vitrification solution 2 (VS2). The optimal concentrations of sucrose were 0.3 M sucrose in warming solution 1 (WS1) and 0.15 M sucrose in warming solution 2 (WS2). lipid removal from oocytes before NT enhanced the viability of NT embryos after vitrification. Our results show that use of the OPS method in conjunction with lipid removal provides effective cryopreservation of porcine nuclear transfer embryos.
Abou-Shanab, Reda A.I.,El-Dalatony, Marwa M.,EL-Sheekh, Mostafa M.,Ji, Min-Kyu,Salama, El-Sayed,Kabra, Akhil N.,Jeon, Byong-Hun 한국생물공학회 2014 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.19 No.3
Coupling of advanced wastewater treatment with microalgae cultivation for low-cost lipid production was demonstrated in this study. The microalgal species Micractinium reisseri and Scenedesmus obliquus were isolated from municipal wastewater mixed with agricultural drainage. M. reisseri was selected based on the growth rate and cultivated in municipal wastewater (influent, secondary and tertiary effluents) which varied in nutrient concentration. M. reisseri showed an optimal specific growth rate (${\mu}_opt$) of 1.15, 1.04, and 1.01 1/day for the influent and the secondary and tertiary effluents, respectively. Secondary effluent supported the highest phosphorus removal (94%) and saturated fatty acid content (40%). The highest lipid content (40%), unsaturated fatty acid content, including monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (66%), and nitrogen removal (80%) were observed for tertiary effluent. Fatty acids accumulating in the microalgal biomass (M. reisseri) were mainly composed of palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid. Cultivation of M. reisseri using municipal wastewater served a dual function of nutrient removal and biofuel feedstock generation.
Removing Lipemia in Serum/Plasma Samples: A Multicenter Study
María-José Castro-Castro,Beatriz Candás-Estébanez,Margarita Esteban-Salán,Pilar Calmarza,Teresa Arrobas-Velilla,Carlos Romero-Román,Miguel Pocoví-Mieras,José-Ángel Aguilar-Doreste,Sociedad Española de 대한진단검사의학회 2018 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.38 No.6
Background: Lipemia, a significant source of analytical errors in clinical laboratory settings, should be removed prior to measuring biochemical parameters. We investigated whether lipemia in serum/plasma samples can be removed using a method that is easier and more practicable than ultracentrifugation, the current reference method. Methods: Seven hospital laboratories in Spain participated in this study. We first compared the effectiveness of ultracentrifugation (108,200×g) and high-speed centrifugation (10,000×g for 15 minutes) in removing lipemia. Second, we compared high-speed centrifugation with two liquid-liquid extraction methods—LipoClear (StatSpin, Norwood, USA), and 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). We assessed 14 biochemical parameters: serum/plasma concentrations of sodium ion, potassium ion, chloride ion, glucose, total protein, albumin, creatinine, urea, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate-aminotransferase, calcium, and bilirubin. We analyzed whether the differences between lipemia removal methods exceeded the limit for clinically significant interference (LCSI). Results: When ultracentrifugation and high-speed centrifugation were compared, no parameter had a difference that exceeded the LCSI. When high-speed centrifugation was compared with the two liquid-liquid extraction methods, we found differences exceeding the LCSI in protein, calcium, and aspartate aminotransferase in the comparison with 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane, and in protein, albumin, and calcium in the comparison with LipoClear. Differences in other parameters did not exceed the LCSI. Conclusions: High-speed centrifugation (10,000×g for 15 minutes) can be used instead of ultracentrifugation to remove lipemia in serum/plasma samples. LipoClear and 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane are unsuitable as they interfere with the measurement of certain parameters.
당낫민,이기세 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.0
Advanced oxidation using UV radiation in the presence of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was applied for decolorization of liquid fertilizer and the resulting liquid fertilizer was utilized to the cultivation of microalga Chlorella vulgaris and biodiesel production. The growth of C. vulgaris was enhanced in decolorized medium. The biomass productivity of C. vulgaris in AOP-treated PAL1 reached 124 mg/L, which was 2.1 times higher than that in original PAL1, 58 mg/L/d. Cellular lipid accumulation was increased in decolorized medium (from 6 to 30%), because fast growing cells consumed nitrogren faster in decolorized medium and thus lipid synthesis was triggerred in nitroge-deficient environment.
Hydrothermal nitric acid treatment for effectual lipid extraction from wet microalgae biomass
Lee, I.,Park, J.Y.,Choi, S.A.,Oh, Y.K.,Han, J.I. Elsevier Applied Science 2014 Bioresource technology Vol.172 No.-
Hydrothermal acid (combined with autoclaving and nitric acid) pretreatment was applied to Nannochloropsis salina as a cost-effective yet efficient way of lipid extraction from wet biomass. The optimal conditions for this pretreatment were determined using a statistical approach, and the roles of nitric acid were also determined. The maximum lipid yield (predicted: 24.6%; experimental: 24.4%) was obtained using 0.57% nitric acid at 120<SUP>o</SUP>C for 30min through response surface methodology. A relatively lower lipid yield (18.4%) was obtained using 2% nitric acid; however, chlorophyll and unsaturated fatty acids, both of which adversely affect the refinery and oxidative stability of biodiesel, were found to be not co-extracted. Considering its comparable extractability even from wet biomass and ability to reduce chlorophyll and unsaturated fatty acids, the hydrothermal nitric acid pretreatment can serve as one direct and promising route of extracting microalgae oil.